| Black sea nettle | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
| Binomial name | ||||||||||||||
| Chrysaora achlyos Martin, Gershwin, Burnett, Cargo, and Bloom 1997[1] |
The black sea nettle (Chrysaora achlyos), sometimes informally known as the "black jellyfish" due to its dark coloration, is a species of jellyfish that can be found in the waters of the Pacific Ocean. In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. Jellyfish are free-swimming members of the phylum Cnidaria. They have several different basic morphologies that represent several different cnidarian classes including the The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Its range is thought to be from Monterey Bay in the north, down to southern Baja California and Mexico[2], though there are reports of sightings as far north as British Columbia. This article is about the bay near Monterey CA For other uses see Monterey Bay Aquarium, California State University Monterey Bay Baja California (pronounced ˈbɑːhɑː kælɨˈfɔrnjə in English is the northernmost state of Mexico. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C [3] It is a giant jellyfish, with its bell measuring up to 1 m (3 ft) in size, and its oral arms extending up to 6 m (20 ft) in length. [4] Despite its size and occasional proximity to Pacific coastal cities, the Black sea nettle was only recognized and scientifically described as a separate species in 1997,[5] though misidentified pictures of the jellyfish had been taken in 1925. [6] It has the scientific distinction of being the largest invertebrate discovered in the twentieth century. [7]
While sightings have been rare, when they are seen it is often as part of a massive swarm of the creatures, such as those that occurred in surface waters off the coast of Baja California and southern California in 1989 and 1999. [8] Interestingly, these sightings seem to coincide with incidents of red tides, which consist of the zooplankton that Black sea nettles feed upon. "Red tide" is a common name for a phenomenon known as an Algal bloom, an event in which estuarine marine or fresh water algae accumulate rapidly in the Water Zooplankton are the Heterotrophic (sometimes detritivorous) type of Plankton.
The sea nettle is radially symmetrical, marine, and carnivorous. Symmetry generally conveys two primary meanings The first is an imprecise sense of harmonious or aesthetically-pleasing proportionality and balance such that it reflects beauty or A carnivore (ˈkɑrnɪvɔər meaning 'meat eater' ( Latin carne meaning 'flesh' and vorare meaning 'to devour' is any animal with a diet consisting Its mouth is located at the center of one end of the body, which opens to a gastrovascular cavity that is used for digestion. The mouth, buccal cavity, or oral cavity is the first portion of the Alimentary canal that receives food and begins digestion by mechanically breaking up Gastro vascular cavity, as the name indicates functions in both Digestion and Gas exchange. Digestion is the breaking down of chemicals in the body into a form that can be absorbed It has tentacles that surround the mouth to capture food. Tentacles can refer to the elongated flexible organs that are present in some animals especially Invertebrates and sometimes to the hairs of the leaves of some insectivorous Nettles have no excretory or respiratory organs. In Biology, an organ ( Latin: organum, "instrument tool" from Greek όργανον - organon "organ instrument
Feeding habits
Black sea nettles are carnivorous. A carnivore (ˈkɑrnɪvɔər meaning 'meat eater' ( Latin carne meaning 'flesh' and vorare meaning 'to devour' is any animal with a diet consisting They generally feed on zooplankton and other jellyfish. [9] Nettles immobilize and obtain their prey using their stinging tentacles. After that, the prey is transported to the gastrovascular cavity where it is digested.
Defense mechanisms
Each nettle tentacle is coated with thousands of microscopic nematocysts; in turn, every individual nematocyst has a "trigger" (cnidocil) paired with a capsule containing a coiled stinging filament. A cnidocyte, cnidoblast or nematocyte, is a type of Venomous cell unique to the Phylum Cnidaria ( Corals Upon contact, the cnidocil will immediately initiate a process which ejects the venom-coated filament from its capsule and into the target. This will inject toxins capable of killing smaller prey or stunning perceived predators. A toxin ( Greek:, toxikon, lit (poison for use on arrows is a Poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms that is active at very low On humans, this will most likely cause a nonlethal, but painful stinging sensation which can last for forty minutes. Pain, in the sense of physical pain, is a typical sensory experience that may be described as the unpleasant awareness of a noxious stimulus or bodily harm [10]
References
- ^ Chrysaora achlyos, a Remarkable New Species of Scyphozoan from the Eastern Pacific, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ Monterey Bay Aquarium Online Field Guide Black Sea Nettle, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ California Beach Jellyfish - Tourists, Swimmers Got Stung, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ Monterey Bay Aquarium Online Field Guide Black Sea Nettle, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ Chrysaora achlyos, a Remarkable New Species of Scyphozoan from the Eastern Pacific, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ Monterey Bay Aquarium Online Field Guide Black Sea Nettle, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ Chrysaora achlyos: Black sea nettle, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ Trek Nature: Black Sea Nettle, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ Trek Nature: Black Sea Nettle, accessed October 21, 2007
- ^ San Deigo Metro: They're - OUCH! - back, accessed October 21, 2007
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic