Christopher Langton (1949- ) is an American biologist and one of the founders of the field of artificial life. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A biologist is a Scientist devoted to and producing results in Biology through the study of Organisms Typically biologists study organisms and their relationship Artificial life (commonly Alife or alife) is a field of study and an associated art form which examine Systems related to Life, its processes He coined the term in the late 1980s when he organized the first "International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems" (otherwise known as Artificial Life I) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1987. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL (previously known at various times as Site Y, Los Alamos Laboratory, and Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory) is a Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar)
A graduate of the University of Michigan, Langton created the Langton ant and Langton loop, both simple artificial life simulations, in addition to his Lambda parameter, a dimensionless measure of complexity and computation potential in cellular automata, given by a chosen state divided by all the possible states. The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research Langton's ant is a two-dimensional Turing machine with a very simple set of rules but complicated emergent behavior Langton's loops are a particular "species" of Artificial life first conceived by Christopher Langton. For a 2-state, 1-r neighborhood, 1D cellular automata the value is close to 0. 5. For a 2-state, Moore neighborhood, 2D cellular automata, like Conway's Life, the value is 0. "Conway game" can refer to games as defined by Surreal numbers which Conway also developed 273.
Langton is the first-born son of Jane Langton, author of books including the Homer Kelly Mysteries. Jane Gillson Langton (b December 30, 1922 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American mystery writer and Author He has two adult sons: Gabe and Colin.
Publications
- Christopher G. Langton. "Computation at the edge of chaos". Physica D, 42, 1990. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar)
- Christopher G. Langton. "Computation at the edge of Chaos: Phase-Transitions and Emergent Computation. " Ph. D. Thesis, University of Michigan (1990). The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research
- About Langton's work
- J. P. Crutchfield and K. Young, "Computation at the Onset of Chaos", in Complexity, Entropy and the Physics of Information, W. Zurek, editor, SFI Studies in the Sciences of Complexity, VIII, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts (1990) pp. 223-269.
- Stuart Kauffman. Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution. Oxford University Press, 1993.
- Melanie Mitchell, Peter T. Hraber, and James P. Crutchfield. Revisiting the edge of chaos: Evolving cellular automata to perform computations. Complex Systems, 7:89--130, 1993.
- Melanie Mitchell, James P. Crutchfield and Peter T. Hraber. Dynamics, Computation, and the "Edge of Chaos": A Re-Examination
References
External links
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