The lateral vascular neck restraint is a very potent chokehold.

A chokehold or stranglehold¹ (in budo referred to as shime-waza, 絞技, "constriction technique"^[1]) is a grappling hold that strangles the opponent, and leads to unconsciousness or even death. is a Japanese term describing Martial arts. In English it is used almost exclusively in reference to Japanese martial arts. See also Unconscious mind. Unconsciousness, more appropriately referred to as loss of Consciousness or lack of consciousness is Death is the termination of the biological functions that define living Organisms It refers both to a specific Chokeholds are practiced and used in martial arts, combat sports, self-defense, law-enforcement and in military hand to hand combat application. Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for Combat. A combat sport (also known as a combative sport) is a competitive Contact sport where two combatants fight against each other using certain rules of engagement typically Self-defense (or self-defence &mdash see spelling differences) is the act of defending oneself one's property or the well-being of another from physical harm Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force Hand-to-hand combat (sometimes abbreviated as HTH or H2H is a generic term for Close quarters fighting, particularly when the outcome is potentially fatal as in Melee They are generally considered superior compared to brute-force manual strangling, which usually requires a large disparity in physical strength to be effective. ^[2] Instead of simply using the fingers or arms to attempt to crush the neck, chokeholds effectively use leverage such as figure-four holds or collar holds that use the clothes to assist in the strangle. Depending on the reaction of the victim, it may compress the airway, interfere with the flow of blood in the neck, or work as a combination of the two (see the 'General' section in the article on strangling for further detail). The airways are those parts of the Respiratory system through which air flows to get from the external environment to the Alveoli.

The word also refers to an occupied state where the occupiers severely prevent any kind of civil rights, quelling all opposition and/or resistance.

Blood choke

A blood choke or carotid restraint specifically refers to a chokehold that compresses one or both carotid arteries and/or the jugular veins without compressing the airway, hence causing cerebral ischemia and a temporary hypoxic condition in the brain. In Human anatomy, the common carotid artery is an Artery that supplies the head and neck with Oxygenated blood; it divides in the neck to form the The jugular veins are Veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the Head back to the heart via the Superior vena cava. Brain ischemia (or cerebral ischemia) is an Ischemic condition where the Brain or parts of the brain do not receive enough Blood flow to maintain Chronic Hypoxia is a pathological condition in which the body as a whole ( generalized hypoxia) or region of the body ( tissue hypoxia) is deprived of adequate ^[3] Regardless of who the opponent is, a well applied blood choke leads to unconsciousness in 4-10 seconds, and if released, the subject usually regains consciousness in double the time the choke was applied after he/she had blacked out (e. g. Choke applied for 15 seconds after person passed out results in the person regaining consciousness 30 seconds later). Compared to traditional manual strangulation, properly applied blood chokes require little physical strength, and can be applied successfully by a comparatively weak person. ^[4] Blood chokes are considered safe for practice and application,^[1] although being a lethal technique when held long enough. In Judo, one death has occurred in the use of the blood choke. meaning "gentle way" is a modern Japanese martial art ( Gendai budō) and Combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late ^[4]

Use in combat sports

Most chokeholds featured in combat sports and martial arts are blood chokes, although some air chokes or combinations occur as well. Blood chokes, especially the rear naked choke (mata leão), triangle chokes, or gi chokes, are commonly used as submission holds in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ( BJJ) is a Martial art and Combat sport that focuses on Grappling and especially Ground fighting with the goal In Judo, chokeholds, known as shime-waza, are used but are often subject to restrictions based on age or rank. meaning "gentle way" is a modern Japanese martial art ( Gendai budō) and Combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late Chokeholds are not allowed in Sport Sambo but are allowed in Combat Sambo. Sambo (самбо—also called Sombo or Cambo and sometimes written in all-caps is a modern Martial art, combat sport and Self-defense The chokeholds used in Catch wrestling are the inspiration for the "chokeholds" in modern professional wrestling performances. Catch wrestling is a style of Wrestling. Catch wrestling is arguably the ancestor of modern Grappling, Professional wrestling, Mixed martial arts Professional wrestling, or pro wrestling, is a non-competitive professional Sport, where all matches are scripted by the promotion's booking staff Due to the effectiveness of chokeholds and their popularity in a wide variety of martial arts, they are often used to force submissions in mixed martial art organizations such as the UFC and WEC, and submission grappling tournaments, such as ADCC. Mixed martial arts (MMA is a full contact Combat sport that allows a wide variety of fighting techniques from a mixture of Martial arts traditions and Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC is a US -based Mixed martial arts (MMA organization currently recognized as the largest MMA promotion in the world World Extreme Cagefighting (WEC is an American mixed martial arts (MMA promotion Submission wrestling (also called Grappling or submission fighting and technically referred to as submission grappling is a Wrestling style and a general term The ADCC ( Abu Dhabi Combat Club Submission Wrestling World Championship was created by Sheik Tahnoon Bin Zayed Al Nayan, son of Sheikh

Use in law enforcement

The law-enforcement lateral vascular neck restraint (also called sleeper hold) is a widely taught blood choke in law enforcement, and is performed from behind by putting an arm around the neck with the crook of the elbow over the midline of the neck. By pinching the arm together while assisting with the free hand, the carotid arteries and jugular veins are compressed on both sides of the neck. This hold does not put any pressure on the airway, but an improperly applied hold can quickly turn into an air choke if the person being strangled resists the hold by attempting to turn around. ^[5]

Due to risks of fatal injuries, law enforcement agencies may discourage, restrict, or forbid its use. Law enforcement agency ( LEA) is a term used to describe either an organisation that enforces the laws of one or more governing bodies or an organisation that actively and directly The Los Angeles Police Department, for example, prohibited its officers from using the air choke and restricted use of the carotid hold to instances where death or serious bodily injury was threatened in about 1985, after routinely using chokeholds for many years. ^[6] The Singapore Police Force does not include any form of chokehold procedures in its unarmed defensive techniques. The Singapore Police Force ( Abbreviation: SPF; Chinese: 新加坡警察部队; Malay: Pasukan Polis Singapura Tamil

List of chokeholds

• Anaconda choke — Choke starting with attacker facing the opponent on all fours. Arm triangle choke (or simply arm triangle) is a generic term describing blood Chokeholds in which the opponent is Strangled in between his or her own Attacker passes his leading arm under the neck, and outside past one of the opponents arm while then grabbing his free arms biceps (resulting in similar arm positioning to a rear naked choke). The attacker then arches his back, bending backward to apply the choke. (Not to be confused with a gator roll choke, which involves the roll)
• Arm triangle choke — Similar to the leg triangle choke except that it is performed from above a grounded opponent using the arms. Arm triangle choke (or simply arm triangle) is a generic term describing blood Chokeholds in which the opponent is Strangled in between his or her own This article is about triangle chokes using the legs for usage of the arms in a similar manner see Arm triangle choke.
• Gator Roll Choke — Choke starting with attacker facing the opponent on all fours. Attacker passes his leading arm under the opponents arm, and inside under the opponents neck while then grabbing his free arms biceps (resulting in similar arm positioning to a rear naked choke). The attacker then drops his opponent onto his back, then follows through bridging to create additional pressure. (Not to be confused with an anaconda choke, which does not involve the roll)
• Gi-choke — Any choke applied by using the own or the opponents gi (i. or dōgi ( is a uniform for training used in Japanese martial arts Budo. e. uniform), most commonly used in Judo and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (Example: Ezequiel choke).
• Gogoplata — Variation on the Omoplata shoulder lock. A gogoplata is a Chokehold move in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Execution The gogoplata move called Kagato-Jime in Judo is executed from a guard. In Grappling, an Armlock is a single or double Joint lock that hyperextends hyperflexes or hyperrotates the Elbow Joint And/Or Shoulder Performed from full guard by using an omoplata setup to trap the top man's arm, then using rubber guard to pull the bottom man's foot past the top man's head, pressing the shin of that leg against the throat. The guard (in Judo sometimes referred to colloquially as do-osae, "trunk hold" in Catch Wrestling, the "front body scissor" is The bottom man then pulls on his oppenents head, cutting off the airflow and forcing him to submit or risk passing out from lack of oxygen.
• Guillotine choke — Applied in front of and above the opponent, holding their neck in the crook of the elbow. The guillotine choke is a Chokehold in Martial arts applied from in front of the opponent A common finishing hold in mixed martial arts. ^[7]
• North/South choke — Applied from the north-south position with opponent facing up. The north-south position (also known as north/south or four quarter) is a ground grappling position where one combatant is supine with the other combatant Uses the biceps to cut off blood flow on one side of the neck. Takes longer than most chokeholds to take effect.
• Rear naked choke — Applied from behind the opponent, starting by looping one arm around the neck so that the crook of the elbow is under the opponents chin, then placing the hand of that arm on the opposite biceps. The rear naked choke (often abbreviated RNC) is a Chokehold in Martial arts applied from an opponent's Back. The other hand is then placed on the back of the opponents head and pushes the opponents head and neck forward into the crook of the flexed arm. Additional pressure may be applied by pinioning the opponents lower body by locking the legs around the opponents waist(referred to as "hooks") and arching the back to place more force against the neck. A simple and effective chokehold, it is the most common ^[7] finishing hold in mixed martial arts competition. Mixed martial arts (MMA is a full contact Combat sport that allows a wide variety of fighting techniques from a mixture of Martial arts traditions and
• Triangle choke — Applied from below, with the opponent's neck trapped in a triangle formed by their own arm and the attacker's thigh and calf. This article is about triangle chokes using the legs for usage of the arms in a similar manner see Arm triangle choke. A top finishing hold in mixed martial arts. ^[7]

See also

• Choking game
• Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
• Judo
• Compression lock
• Joint lock
• Grapple tackle - used in rugby football

Notes

References

External links

• Hadakajime - Air or Blood Choke?. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Discussion about whether hadakajime can be classified as an air or blood choke. The rear naked choke (often abbreviated RNC) is a Chokehold in Martial arts applied from an opponent's Back.