Citizendia
Your Ad Here

For other uses, see Chinstrap (disambiguation).
Chinstrap Penguin

Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Sphenisciformes
Family: Spheniscidae
Genus: Pygoscelis
Species: P. The conservation status of a Species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species remaining extant either in the present day or the near future Least Concern ( LC) is an IUCN category assigned to extant species or lower taxa which have been evaluated but do not qualify for any other category The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List) created in 1963 is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates Birds ( class Aves) are bipedal endothermic ( Warm-blooded) Vertebrate animals that lay eggs. Penguins ( order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless Birds living almost Penguins ( order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless Birds living almost The genus Pygoscelis ("elbow-legged" contains three living species of Penguins collectively known as "The Brush-Tailed Penguins" antarcticus
Binomial name
Pygoscelis antarcticus
(Forster, 1781)

The Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarcticus) is a species of penguin which is found in the South Sandwich Islands, Antarctica, the South Orkneys, South Shetland, South Georgia, Bouvet Island, Balleny and Peter I Island. Johann Reinhold Forster ( October 22, 1729 &ndash December 9, 1798) was a German naturalist of partial Scottish Penguins ( order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless Birds living almost South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( SGSSI) is a British overseas territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. The South Orkney Islands are a group of islands in the Southern Ocean. The South Shetland Islands are a group of Antarctic islands, lying about 120 kilometres north of the Antarctic Peninsula. South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( SGSSI) is a British overseas territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. Bouvet Island (Bouvetøya also historically known as Liverpool Island or Lindsay Island) is an uninhabited Sub-antarctic volcanic Island The Balleny Islands ( form a chain of uninhabited mainly volcanic, Islands in the Southern Ocean stretching from 66°15' to 67°35'S and 162°30' to 165°00'E Peter I Island (in Norwegian Peter I Øy) is a volcanic Island located near Antarctica. Their name derives from the narrow black band under their heads which makes it appear as if they are wearing black helmets, making them one of the most easily identified types of penguin. Other names for them are "Ringed Penguins", "Bearded Penguins", and "Stonecracker Penguins" due to their harsh call. They grow to 68 cm (27 in) and there are approximately 7,500,000 breeding pairs. The average adult weight of a Chinstrap Penguin is 4. 5 kg (10 lbs) [1]. Their diet consists of krill (a shrimp-like sea creature), shrimp and fish.

Contents

Taxonomy

The Chinstrap Penguin was first described by German naturalist Forster in 1781. Johann Reinhold Forster ( October 22, 1729 &ndash December 9, 1798) was a German naturalist of partial Scottish Its specific epithet was often seen as antarctica, however a 2002 review determined the genus Pygoscelis was masculine, and hence the correct binomial name is Pygoscelis antarcticus. [2]

The Chinstrap Penguin is one of three species in the genus Pygoscelis. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA evidence suggests the genus split from other penguins around 38 million years ago, about 2 million years after the ancestors of the genus Aptenodytes. In Cell biology, a mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a membrane-enclosed Organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. In Cell biology, the nucleus (pl nuclei; from Latin la ''nucleus'' or la ''nuculeus'' "little nut" or kernel is a membrane-enclosed Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) is a Nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known The Genus Aptenodytes (from the Ancient Greek a /α 'without' pteno- /πτηνο- 'feather' or 'wing' and dytes /δυτης In turn, the Adelie Penguins split off from the other members of the genus around 19 million years ago, and the Chinstrap and Gentoo finally diverging around 14 million years ago. [3]

Behavior

On land they build circular nests from stones, and lay around two eggs, which are incubated by both the male and the female for shifts of five to ten days. They can also breed on icebergs, though they prefer non-icy conditions. The chicks hatch after about 35 days, and have fluffy gray backs and white fronts. The chicks stay in the nest for 20–30 days before they go to join a creche. The Crèche (from French in Zoology refers to care of another's offspring for instance in a colony At around 50–60 days old, they moult, gaining their adult plumage and go to sea.

The Chinstrap are some of the boldest and most aggressive penguins.

juvenile
juvenile

Diet

Chinstrap Penguins at iceberg in Antarctica
Chinstrap Penguins at iceberg in Antarctica

The diet of the Chinstrap consists of: small shoaling animals, krill, small fish and other roaming marine crustaceans. An iceberg is a large piece of freshwater Ice that has broken off from a snow-formed Glacier or Ice shelf and is floating in open water They are considered near-shore feeders foraging among the pack ice, although vagrants may occasionally be seen in the open sea. They feed by pursuit-diving for prey close to their breeding colonies. Diving effort is usually concentrated near midnight and noon and dives typically last less than a minute and are seldom more than 200 feet deep. Like most penguins, Chinstraps using their flippers to swim at speeds of up to 20 miles per hour. On land, Chinstraps often 'toboggan' on their stomachs, propelling themselves by their feet and flippers. They climb out of the water and up steep slopes using all four limbs and they are able to jump large distances to reach footholds.

Roy and Silo

In 2004, two male chinstrap penguins named Roy and Silo in Central Park Zoo, New York City formed a pair-bond, and took turns trying to "hatch" a rock; this was substituted by a keeper for a fertile egg, and the pair subsequently hatched and raised the chick. Roy and Silo were a Chinstrap penguin couple in New York 's Central Park Zoo. The Central Park Zoo is located in Central Park in New York City and run by the Wildlife Conservation Society. The City of New York In Biology, a pair bond is the strong affinity that develops in some Species between the Male and Female in a breeding pair See And Tango Makes Three. And Tango Makes Three is a 2005 children's book written by Peter Parnell and Justin Richardson and illustrated by Henry Cole

References

  1. ^ Weight of Chinstrap Penguin
  2. ^ David N, Gosselin M (2002). "The grammatical gender of avian genera". Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 122 (4): 257-82.  
  3. ^ Baker AJ, Pereira SL, Haddrath OP, Edge KA (2006). "Multiple gene evidence for expansion of extant penguins out of Antarctica due to global cooling". Proc Biol Sci. 273 (1582): 11-17. doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3260. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.  

External links

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic