Chiltern Victoria
The Grape Vine Hotel
Population:	1063 (2006)[1]
Postcode:	3683
Location:	281 km (175 mi) from Melbourne 34 km (21 mi) from Wodonga
LGA:	Shire of Indigo
State District:	Benambra
Federal Division:	Indi

Chiltern is a town in Victoria, Australia, located in the north east of the state between Wangaratta and Wodonga, in the Shire of Indigo. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Postcodes are used in Australia for the purposes of sorting and directing Mail. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 There are 79 Local Government Areas in the Australian state of Victoria. The Shire of Indigo is a Local Government Area in Victoria Australia. State Electoral District is a term used to refer to an electorate within the Lower House or Legislative The Electoral district of Benambra is an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. The Australian House of Representatives is elected from 150 single-member districts called Divisions. The Division of Indi (ɪnˈdаɪ is an electoral division in the Australian House of Representatives. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Wangaratta is a cathedral city of about 15685 people in the northeast of Victoria Australia, about 230 km (150 mi from Melbourne along the The Shire of Indigo is a Local Government Area in Victoria Australia. At the 2006 census, Chiltern had a population of 1063. The Australian census is administered by the Australian Bureau of Statistics every five years The town is close to the Chiltern-Mt Pilot National Park. Chiltern-Mt Pilot is a national park in Victoria, Australia, 237 kilometres northeast of Melbourne. Chiltern was once on the main road between Melbourne and Sydney but is now by-passed by the Hume Freeway running a few kilometres to the east. The Hume Highway / Hume Freeway is one of Australia's most important and notable interstate Highways which runs for 880 km inland between Sydney and

Chiltern came into being as a direct result of local gold discoveries in 1858-59 during the greater Victorian Gold Rush period. The Victorian Gold rush was a period in the history of Victoria, Australia approximately between 1851 and the late 1860s Many of Chiltern's buildings are classified by the National Trust. In 1859, many shop-keepers and miners from around Beechworth and the Oven district followed the rush and re-located into Chiltern.

The Grape Vine Hotel, on the corners of Main St. and Conness St, boasts the largest grapevine in Australia, planted in 1867. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The town hosts an antique fair in August and an art show in October. It is the birthplace of John McEwen, 18th Prime Minister of Australia. Sir John "Black Jack" McEwen, GCMG, CH (29 March 1900 &ndash 20 November 1980 was an Australian politician and 18th Prime Minister of Australia The Prime Minister of Australia is the Head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia, holding office on commission from the Governor-General. Chiltern was home to the Australian female writer who wrote under the nom de plume Henry Handel Richardson famous for her book The Getting of Wisdom. Henry Handel Richardson, the Nom de plume of Ethel Florence Lindesay Richardson, ( 3 January 1870 - 20 March 1946

Gold

Lake View House at Chiltern, the home of author Henry Handel Richardson from July 1876 for 1 1/2 years. Henry Handel Richardson, the Nom de plume of Ethel Florence Lindesay Richardson, ( 3 January 1870 - 20 March 1946 Her early years at Chiltern featured in the novel The Fortunes of Richard Mahony. The Fortunes of Richard Mahony is a three-part Novel by Australian Writer Henry Handel Richardson.

View of the lake from Lake View House. It was a swamp, not a lake, at the time the Richardson family lived in Chiltern. [1]

The discovery of gold in the late 1858 early 1859, brought a huge shift in population into the Chiltern - Black Dog Creek area. Gold discoveries drew many miners away from the nearby Ovens goldfields; namely Beechworth, Nine Mile Creek and Stanley during the big drought of 1859. Beechworth is a well-preserved historical town located in the north-east of Victoria Australia, famous for its major growth during the gold rush days of the mid-1850s Unlike those surfaced based sluicing mining operations around Beechworth, the gold around Chiltern was extracted by sinking deep wet leads. These operations required a diffent type of miner and working groups, capable of sinking shafts to some 400 feet in depth. Miners with these skills and experiences came into the area, from Ballarat and Bendigo and joined with the sluicers from around Beechworth and the Ovens. Ballarat (formerly spelt "Ballaarat" is a city in Victoria, Australia, and one of the country's largest inland cities Bendigo is a regional city in central Victoria Australia, located in the City of Greater Bendigo. Miners from the Ballarat goldfields were considered 'radical', because of their connections with the Eureka Rebellion (1854). The Eureka Stockade was the setting of a gold miners' Revolt in 1854 near Ballarat, Victoria, Australia against the officials supervising the Some of these miners were colourful characters and the most notable, a colourful and radical A. A. O'Connor, stood for parliament in 1859 as the would-be member for the Ovens; his escapades and the social tensions his candidature aroused appear in O'Brien's book cited below.

While Beechworth's gold production declined during 1859, due in part to the drought and lack of water for sluicing, Chiltern's gold production increased (O'Brien), to such an extend that Chiltern looked as if it would usurp the importance of Beechworth. Beechworth was the most important regional centre in North-eastern Victoria during the gold boom 1852-1859. Chiltern did overshadow Beechworth within a few years, especially when the main Melbourne-Albury rail by-passed Beechworth. Finally, when the gold dwindled during the early 1900s, so did Chiltern.

Transport

The railway station is serviced by VLine services running between Melbourne and Albury. Chiltern is a railway station on the Albury-Wodonga railway line in Chiltern, Victoria, Australia. V/Line is a not for profit regional passenger train and coach service in Victoria, Australia. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 Albury is a city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the northern side of the Murray River.

References

• Robert W. P. Ashley, History of the Shire of Chiltern, Thompsons, Albury-Wodonga, 1974.
• Antony O'Brien, Shenanigans on the Ovens Goldfields: the 1859 Election, Artillery Publishing, Hartwell, 2005. (a mining candidate from Chiltern, A. A. O'Connor, stood for this general election during 1859)
• Jennifer Williams, Chiltern Standard Newspaper, 1859-60, M. A. Thesis, University of Melbourne, 1970. This is available in the Melbourne University Reading Room at the Baillieu Library.
• DNRE, Victorian Goldfield Project: Historical Gold Mining Sites in the North East Region of Victoria, 1999.

External links

• Chiltern, Victoria

Coordinates: 36°09′00″S 146°36′25″E / -36.150, 146.607