Chill out (sometimes also chillout, chill-out, or simply chill), a term derived from a slang injunction to relax, emerged in the early and mid-1990s as a catch-all term for various styles of relatively mellow, slow-tempo music made by contemporary producers in the electronic music scene. Intelligent drum and bass ( IDB) is the widespread term for the subgenre of Drum and bass emphasising influences from lounge Jazz and Ambient music is a Musical genre in which sound is more important than notes House music is a style of Electronic dance music initially popularized in mid-1980s Discothèques catering to the African-American, Latino Electronica includes a wide range of contemporary Electronic music designed for a wide range Balearic Beat or Balearic House is an eclectic blend of DJed Dance music that originally emerged in the mid-1980s The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Ibiza (Eivissa is an island located in the Mediterranean Sea about 80 km off the coast of Spain The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a A software synthesizer also known as a softsynth or virtual instrument is a Computer program for Digital audio generation In Electronic music, a loop is a sample which is repeated Loops may be repeated through the use of Tape loops delay effects cutting between Downtempo (or Downbeat) is a laid-back Electronic music style similar to Ambient music, but usually with a beat or groove unlike Trip hop is a music Genre also known as the Bristol sound or Bristol acid rap. Ambient house, a music genre that first emerged in the late 1980s is a sub-genre of House music, combining elements of Acid house and Ambient music Electronic music is music that employs Electronic musical instruments and Electronic Music technology in its production The term "Chill out music", as well as the genre itself, originated in chill rooms that were set up by DJs off to the edge of club dance floors to give patrons a chance to take a break from the hectic dance vibe and chill out with this style of music. Chill out as a musical genre or descriptive is synonymous with the more recently popularized terms "smooth electronica" and "soft techno" and is a loose genre of music blurring into several other very distinct styles of electronic and lo-fi music.

History

The earliest mentioned 'chill out room' was at the legendary Madchester nightspot, Konspiracy^[1]. Madchester was an Alternative rock genre that developed in Manchester, England, towards the end of the 1980s and into the early 1990s In these rooms, visitors would find couches, comfortable pillows, psychedelic light shows projecting trippy images and music that was decidedly downtempo, especially when compared to what was going on a few feet away on the dance floor. Its history began in the UK, with new wave band The Durutti Column being an abstract influence on the genre in the '80s. See Durruti Column for the anarchist column during the Spanish Civil War. Higher Intelligence Agency (the HIA) helped move the chill room concept from sideshow to main event with their Oscillate chill party events in Birmingham and elsewhere in the early to mid nineties. Higher Intelligence Agency, often also referred to by its acronym HIA, is the main electronic music project of Birmingham UK based Bobby Bird Their first releases came out on the now defunct Beyond record label and soon thereafter in the U. S. on the Waveform label - who describes the music as 'exotic electronica. waveformogg|right|a sine square and sawtooth wave at 440 hz]] Waveform means the shape and form of a signal such as a Wave moving in a solid liquid or gaseous '

A number of compilations with "Chill Out" in their titles were released in the mid-1990s and beyond, helping to establish the genre as being very closely related to downtempo and trip hop but also incorporating, especially in the early 2000s, slower varieties of house music, nu-jazz, psybient, and lounge music. Downtempo (or Downbeat) is a laid-back Electronic music style similar to Ambient music, but usually with a beat or groove unlike Trip hop is a music Genre also known as the Bristol sound or Bristol acid rap. House music is a style of Electronic dance music initially popularized in mid-1980s Discothèques catering to the African-American, Latino Nu jazz is an Umbrella term coined in the late 1990s to refer to music that blends Jazz elements with other musical styles such as Funk, Soul Psybient, also known as " Ambient Psy " " Psychedelic Ambient " " Ambient Goa " " Ambient Psytrance " Lounge music is a retrospective description of music popular in the 1950s and 1960s encompassing such genres as Exotica, Easy listening and Space age pop The genre also includes some forms of trance music, ambient music, and IDM, and it has entirely subsumed the older genre Balearic Beat, although that term is still used interchangeably with chill out. Trance is a style of Electronic dance music that developed in the 1990s Ambient music is a Musical genre in which sound is more important than notes Intelligent dance music (commonly IDM) is a genre name invented in the early 1990s by the creators of an American online mailing list Balearic Beat or Balearic House is an eclectic blend of DJed Dance music that originally emerged in the mid-1980s Chill out is generally tonal, relaxing (or at least not as "intense" as other music from the styles it draws from), and generally does not incorporate music that emphasizes "hard," "deep," or particularly hypnotic rhythms, although when used to describe the music played in chillout rooms at raves, it can also encompass extremely psychedelic experimental sounds of great variety.

Chill-room club culture

An entire culture surrounding chill out music has evolved, with many fashionable bars and clubs, designed with a retro or retro-futuristic ambience, devoted to the genre. Retro is a term used to describe denote or classify culturally outdated or aged trends modes or fashions from the overall postmodern past but have since that time become functionally Ministry of Sound in London has hosted many chill out events in places such as Ibiza and there are hundreds of mix compilation titles including the words "chill out" or just "chill" that cater for the chill out audience. Ministry of Sound ( MoS) is a global dance music brand and a Nightclub in Elephant and Castle, Southwark, South London, officially London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Ibiza (Eivissa is an island located in the Mediterranean Sea about 80 km off the coast of Spain As of 2005 "chill out" is recognized by all major UK dance magazines and their charts. Ministry of Sound released an album in 2008 named "Chilled", they described the songs in the album "the best chill out songs from 1991 to 2008

Chill out rooms at dance clubs fill a safety need for users of Ecstasy, which has had problems and deaths due to dehydration or heat stroke. MDMA ( 34-methylenedioxy- N -methylamphetamine) most commonly known today by the street name Ecstasy (often abbreviated E, X, In 1992 a UK rule required dance clubs to provide free water and chill out rooms in response to a number of Ecstasy-related injuries and deaths^[2].

Notable artists

Although chill out is an emerging - however loose - genre of music, it is quite robust and features many prolific artists. Throughout the 1990s and the current decade, there have been many artists who have made a significant impact on what has come to be known as "chill out music" today. Among the most notable of those artists and projects are (in no order of precedence): Air, dZihan & Kamien, Thievery Corporation, Sven Van Hees, Lemongrass, Tosca, Monte La Rue, Nightmares on Wax, The Dining Rooms, Bluetech, Sounds from the Ground, Jens Buchert, A Man Called Adam, Electric Skychurch, Mystical Sun, Single Cell Orchestra, Alex Cortiz, Fila Brazillia, Kruder & Dorfmeister, Boards of Canada, William Orbit, Groove Armada, Leftfield, Lenny Ibizarre, Timonkey, Banco de Gaia, and Lemon Jelly. Temperature and layers The temperature of the Earth's atmosphere varies with altitude the mathematical relationship between temperature and altitude varies among five dZihan & Kamien pronounced (ˈʤiːhɑnændkæmiɛn / Jee-hahn and Kammy-en are a Downtempo house and Acid jazz music duo based in Thievery Corporation is a Washington DC -based recording artist and DJ duo consisting of Rob Garza and Eric Hilton and their supporting Sven van Hees is a chillout musician from Belgium. Discography Svengali ( 1996) Gemini Tosca is an Electronic music project of Richard Dorfmeister and Rupert Huber. Nightmares on Wax is DJ and musician George Evelyn (born c 1970 also known as DJ EASE (Experimental Sample Expert from Leeds, UK. The Dining Rooms is a band based in Milan, Italy. Its music does not fall under a specific genre blending ambient, electronic, and Bluetech is a Psybient DJ/producer who creates exclusively Downtempo music Sounds from the Ground is an electronic music duo from London, formed in 1995 by Nick Woolfson and Elliot Jones. A Man Called Adam (sometimes abbreviated to AMCA) are British Electronic music artists Sally Rodgers and Steve Jones Electric Skychurch is an Electronic or Acid trance band based in Los Angeles California. Single Cell Orchestra is the performing name of Miguel Fierro (born Miguel Angelo Fierro a San Francisco -born musician who has worked for many years in Electronic Fila Brazillia is an electronica collaboration from Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire in North-East England Kruder & Dorfmeister, named after members Peter Kruder and Richard Dorfmeister is an Austrian duo most known for their Downtempo - dub remixes of pop Boards of Canada (BoC are a Scottish Electronic music duo consisting of brothers Michael Sandison (born June 1, 1970) and Marcus Eoin Sandison William Orbit (born on 15 December 1956 as William Mark Wainwright in Shoreditch, Hackney) is an English Musician Groove Armada are Big beat duo Andy Cato and Tom Findlay from England. Leftfield were a duo of Electronica artists and Record producers Paul Daley (formerly of The Rivals, A Man Called Adam and the Lenny Ibizarre is a Danish Producer and Musician from Copenhagen. Banco de Gaia is an Electronic music band from England, formed by Toby Marks (born 1964 South London) in 1991 Lemon Jelly are a British Electronica duo consisting of Nick Franglen and Fred Deakin

A few highly notable DJs that specialize in chill out and have achieved world celebrity are: José Padilla, Chris Coco, Pete Lawrence, Alex Paterson, Unity Dub, and Mixmaster Morris, who is also known for having released Global Chillage and also records under the pseudonym The Irresistible Force. José Padilla is a Spanish Disc jockey and producer of Ambient music. Chris Coco (AKA Chris Mellor is a club/radio DJ producer and music critic Pete Lawrence is a conceptualist recording artist DJ event organiser music programmer writer and broadcaster based in the UK. The Orb are an English Electronic music group known for popularising Chill out music in the 1990s and spawning the genre of Ambient house. Mixmaster Morris (born in Brighton, England in 1965 is an ambient DJ and underground musician Mixmaster Morris (born in Brighton, England in 1965 is an ambient DJ and underground musician

Some of the labels with the most important rosters of chill out artists and largest catalogs of releases and compilations are (also in no order of precedence): Life Enhancing Audio, ESL Music, Instinct Records, Café del Mar, United Recordings, Water Music, Pork Recordings, Muti Music, Ninja Tune, Mole Listening Pearls, Six Degrees Records, Waveform, Compost Records, Interchill, Cyberset Music, Liquid Sound Design, and Ultimae. Eighteenth Street Lounge Music ( ESL Music) is a Record label based in Washington D Instinct Records is a New York City Electronic music Record label that first gained prominence in 1990. This article is about Café del Mar the sunset cafe bar For the Energy 52 song of the same name see Café del Mar (single. Water Music Records is an Electronica Record label based in Los Angeles California. Pork Recordings is a Record label based in Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire north-east England, that specialises in Electronica, mostly in Ninja Tune is a London -based Independent record label started in 1991 by DJs Matt Black and Jonathan More, better known as Coldcut Mole Listening Pearls is a German record label based in Mannheim. Six Degrees Records produces and markets accessible genre-bending records that explore world music traditions modern dance grooves electronic music and overlooked pop gems waveformogg|right|a sine square and sawtooth wave at 440 hz]] Waveform means the shape and form of a signal such as a Wave moving in a solid liquid or gaseous Compost Records is a German Record company established by Michael Reinboth in 1994. Liquid Sound Design, also known as LSD and more recently re-branded as Liquid Sound is a chill-out/downtempo focused Record label created by Martin Glover. Ultimae Records is a French Record label, based in Lyon. The company was co-founded by Vincent Villuis and Sunbeam (aka Mahiane of

Among the most popular and influential of globally-available radio stations and programs are Groovera, Groove Salad (Soma FM), and Musical Starstreams. Groovera (aka Groovera Chilled Web Radio is an independent multi-channel commercial-free and listener-supported Internet-only radio station dedicated to the loosely-typed genres SomaFM is a listener-supported non-commercial Internet -only streaming Music station which started broadcasting out of Rusty Hodge 's garage in Musical Starstreams (aka Starstreams) is a commercial radio broadcast that first aired in the San Francisco bay area in December 1981

Festivals

High-turnout festivals and events include The Big Chill, Sundaze, and Shambhala. The Big Chill is an English festival of alternative and chill-out music started in 1994 Shambhala is a yearly Electronic music festival held in the West Kootenay region of British Columbia, Canada during the second week of August The Big Chill festival, established by Pete Lawrence, is a large annual event catering for chilled out clubbers and families in Eastnor Castle, Herefordshire with resident acts including Gilles Peterson and Norman Jay. The Big Chill is an English festival of alternative and chill-out music started in 1994 Pete Lawrence is a conceptualist recording artist DJ event organiser music programmer writer and broadcaster based in the UK. Eastnor Castle is a 19th century mock castle, two miles from the town of Ledbury in Herefordshire, by the village of Eastnor Constitution Herefordshire was reconstituted both as a new Non-metropolitan district (effective 19th July 1996 and as a new County comprising the area of the Gilles Peterson (born 28 September c 1964) is a DJ, record collector and record label owner from London, UK. Norman Jay MBE is an innovative and pioneering British DJ. He first came to prominence playing unlicensed or 'warehouse' parties in the early 1980s such as Shake 'n' Fingerpop

References

See also

• Ambient
• Downtempo
• Groovera
• Illbient
• Psybient
• Trip hop