Chicken tikka masala (Hindi: चिकन टिक्का मसाला; Punjabi: ਚਿਕਨ ਟਿੱਕਾ ਮਸਾਲਾ) is a Desi dish based on Indian-style roast chicken chunks (chicken tikka) cooked in a tomato, curry sauce. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is Punjabi may refer to The Punjabi language of Pakistan and India Punjabi grammar List of Punjabi Desi (or Deshi; ˈd̪eːsi or, Hindi: देसी Urdu: دیسی Punjabi: ਦੇਸੀ دیسی is a word originally from Sanskrit Chicken tikka (मुर्ग़ टिक्का چکن تکہ / mugɣ ʈikkɑː / is a dish of Indian subcontinent. The tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum, syn Lycopersicon lycopersicum) is a herbaceous usually sprawling plant in the Solanaceae or nightshade family Curry is the English description of any of a general variety of spicy dishes best known in Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan It has been hailed as "Britain's true national dish"[1] but is popular throughout the world. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
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Composition
Chicken tikka masala is chicken tikka, chunks of chicken marinated in spices and yogurt then baked in a tandoor oven, in a masala ("mixture of spices") sauce. Chicken tikka (मुर्ग़ टिक्का چکن تکہ / mugɣ ʈikkɑː / is a dish of Indian subcontinent. Yoghurt, yogurt, yoghourt, youghurt or yogourt (see spelling below is a thumb|Looking into the mouth of a tandoor A tandoor is a cylindrical clay Oven used in cooking and baking Masala (also transliterated as "massala" ( Hindi: मसाला Urdu: مصالہ) is a term used in Indian cuisine [2] There is no standard recipe for chicken tikka masala; a survey found that of 48 different recipes the only common ingredient was chicken. [1] The sauce usually includes tomato and either cream or coconut cream and various spices. For the 1993 hip-hop single by the Wu-Tang Clan see CREAM CREAM is an acronym for Cognitive Reliability Error Analysis Method a Coconut cream is an Infusion of shredded Coconut and water Coconut cream may also be made with Milk instead of water to obtain a richer product The sauce or chicken pieces (or both) are often coloured orange or red with food dyes.
Other tikka masala dishes replace chicken with lamb, fish or paneer. Paneer ( Hindi: पनीर panīr, from Persian پنير panir) is the most common Persian and South Asian Cheese
Origins
The origins of chicken tikka masala are disputed:
- Perhaps the most widely reported explanation of the origins of the dish is that it was conceived in Glasgow in the late 1960s, when a customer, who found the traditional chicken tikka too dry, asked for some gravy. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom Chicken tikka (मुर्ग़ टिक्का چکن تکہ / mugɣ ʈikkɑː / is a dish of Indian subcontinent. Gravy is an English Sauce made often from the juices that run naturally from meat or vegetables during cooking [1] The chef supposedly improvised a sauce from tomato soup, yogurt and spices. [2]
- Many restaurants throughout the UK claim to have invented it. The recipe's age is also unproven, with claims ranging from the 1970s back to the 1950s
- At least one source has the dish originating in New Delhi in 1947. New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. [3][4]
- Another theory is that it originated in British India to adapt local dishes to the British palate. For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British A prototype may be Murgh Makhni (butter chicken), a dish from the Punjab region of India. Butter chicken or Murgh makhani is an Indian dish from the Punjab region popular in countries all over the world that have a tradition of Indian restaurants Punjab ( ਪੰਜਾਬ پنجاب, पंजाब پنجاب also Panjab (پنجاب meaning "Land of the Five Rivers") (c
Criticism of the Glasgow theory
The question of the dish's origins sparked a heated debate when the then foreign minister of the UK, Robin Cook, announced it as the new British national Dish. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Robert Finlayson Cook (28 February 1946 &ndash 6 August 2005 better known as " Robin Cook " was a Politician in the British Labour [5] The critics pointed out a number of reasons to the contrary, including the allegation that the dish was not an "authentic Indian" one, as it was being prepared by the chefs from Bangladesh. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially [5] Collingham (2006) elaborates :
The majority of Indian restaurant owners in Britain, and most of the proprietors of New York's East 6th Street establishments, do indeed come from Bangladesh. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous However, for much of the period that this book covers, Bangladesh, like Pakistan and Sri Lanka, belonged to a broader food world that can be termed Indian. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island It was not until 1947 that Pakistan became a nation. Sri Lanka followed in 1948. And Bangladesh split from Pakistan in 1971. Food on the Indian subcontinent does not divide into different culinary styles and dishes along these relatively new national boundaries so much as along much older regional boundaries. This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia For geopolitical treatments see South Asia. The food of Bangladesh belongs to the culinary world of Bengal. Punjabis share a food culture although their region was split in two with the creation of Pakistan. These are just two of the many culinary regions on the Indian subcontinent.
Popularity
Chicken tikka masala is now served in restaurants around the globe, and a UK survey claimed it is the country's most popular restaurant dish. For the kibbutz see Na'an Naan ( Urdu / Persian: نان, नान ਨਾਨ nɑːn is a round Flatbread The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located [2] One in seven curries sold in the UK is a chicken tikka. [6][7]
See also
- General Tso's chicken, another syncretic dish seen as symbolic of its cuisine. General Tso's chicken is a sweet and spicy Deep-fried Chicken dish that is popularly served in American and Canadian Chinese Syncretism consists of the attempt to reconcile disparate or contradictory beliefs often while melding practices of various schools of thought
- Curry chicken, similar type of chicken and spice dish. Chicken Curry (also referred to as curry chicken) is a common delicacy in South Asia, East Asia, as well as in the UK and Caribbean
References
- ^ a b c BBC E-Cyclopedia. Chicken tikka masala: Spice and easy does it. bbc.co.uk. Retrieved on 28 September 2007. Events 48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
- ^ a b c Lloyd, J & Mitchinson, J: "The Book of General Ignorance". John Hardress Wilfred Lloyd (born 30 September 1951) is a British comedy writer and television producer For the English tenor see John Mitchinson (tenor. For the Bishop see John Mitchinson (bishop. The Book of General Ignorance is the first in a series of books based on the final round in the intellectual British Panel game QI Faber & Faber, 2006.
- ^ The Hindu: Tastes that travel. Retrieved on 2007-06-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected
- ^ Time Magazine: The Spice of Life. Retrieved on 2007-06-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected
- ^ a b Collingham, page 2
- ^ In quotes: Robin Cook. Retrieved on 2007-05-31. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt.
- ^ Robin Cook's chicken tikka masala speech. Retrieved on 2007-05-31. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt.
- Collingham, Elizabeth M (2006). Curry: A Tale of Cooks and Conquerors. Oxford University Press, 2-3. ISBN 0195172418.
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