Chess prodigies are children who play chess so well that they are able to beat Masters and even Grandmasters, often at a very young age. Chess is a recreational and competitive Game played between two players. The title Grandmaster is awarded to extremely strong Chess masters by the world chess organization FIDE. Chess is one of the few sports where children can compete with adults on equal ground; it is thus one of the few skills in which true child prodigies exist. List of child prodigies|Fictional child prodigies A child prodigy is a one who masters one or more skills or arts at an early age Expectations can be high for chess prodigies; while some become World Champions, others fail to make progress in adulthood. See also Development of the World Chess Championship The World Chess Championship is played to determine the World Champion in the Board game Chess
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Early chess prodigies
Early chess prodigies were Paul Morphy (1837-1884) and José Raúl Capablanca (1888-1942), both of whom won matches against strong adult opponents at the age of 12; and Samuel Reshevsky (1911-1992), who was giving simultaneous exhibitions at the age of six. Disambiguation Morphy redirects here For the fictional character nicknamed Morphy see King Morpheus. Samuel Herman (Sammy Reshevsky (born Szmul Rzeszewski, November 26, 1911, Ozorków near Lodz, (then Russian Empire A simultaneous exhibition or simultaneous display (often abbreviated to "simul" is an event where one player (commonly a Chess master or grandmaster [1] Morphy went on to be unofficial World Champion (before the official title existed), Capablanca became World Champion, and Reshevsky—while never attaining the title—was in the top few players in the world for many years.
List of youngest grandmasters
One measure of chess prodigies is the age at which they gain the International Grandmaster title. The title Grandmaster is awarded to extremely strong Chess masters by the world chess organization FIDE. It should be noted that this title has only existed since 1950; and also that the title has become less difficult to obtain in recent years (see International Grandmaster Title inflation). The title Grandmaster is awarded to extremely strong Chess masters by the world chess organization FIDE.
Nevertheless, there have been more strong prodigies in recent years. This is mostly because of technology, with computers making it possible to learn and train faster, and both lower travel costs and the Internet making it possible to train and play against foreign players and to play in strong tournaments abroad.
Record holders
Below are players who have held the record for youngest grandmaster. The age listed is the age on which they qualified for the title. This is not equal to the age at which they officially became Grandmasters, because GM titles can only be awarded at FIDE congresses. Fédération Internationale des Échecs or World Chess Federation is an international organization that connects the various national Chess federations around the
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Year Player Country Age 1952 Tigran Petrosian 
Soviet Union23 years 1955 Boris Spassky Soviet Union18 years 1958 Bobby Fischer 
United States15 years, 6 months, 1 day 1991 Judit Polgár 
Hungary15 years, 4 months, 28 days 1994 Péter Lékó Hungary14 years, 4 months, 22 days 1997 Etienne Bacrot 
France14 years, 2 months, 0 days 1997 Ruslan Ponomariov 
Ukraine14 years, 0 months, 17 days 1999 Bu Xiangzhi 
China13 years, 10 months, 13 days 2002 Sergey Karjakin Ukraine12 years, 7 months, 0 days
This is a list of the players to become Grandmasters before their fifteenth birthday:
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Player Country Age Sergey Karjakin Ukraine12 years, 7 months, 0 days Parimarjan Negi 
India13 years, 4 months, 22 days Magnus Carlsen 
Norway13 years, 4 months, 27 days Bu Xiangzhi China13 years, 10 months, 13 days Teimour Radjabov 
Azerbaijan14 years, 0 months, 14 days Ruslan Ponomariov Ukraine14 years, 0 months, 17 days Wesley So 
Philippines14 years, 1 month, 28 days [1] Etienne Bacrot France14 years, 2 months, 0 days Maxime Vachier-Lagrave France14 years, 4 months [2] Péter Lékó Hungary14 years, 4 months, 22 days Yuriy Kuzubov Ukraine14 years, 7 months, 12 days [3] Nguyen Ngoc Truong Son 
Vietnam14 years, 10 months Fabiano Caruana 
Italy14 years, 11 months, 10 days [4]
The youngest ever female to become a grandmaster (not to be confused with the lesser Woman Grandmaster title) is Koneru Humpy, who achieved the title at 15 years, 1 month, 27 days. Tigran Petrosian (Տիգրան Պետրոսյան ( June 17, 1929 &ndash August 13, 1984) was World Chess Champion from 1963 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Boris Vasilievich Spassky (also Spasskij (Бори́с Васи́льевич Спа́сский (born January 30, 1937) is a Russian French The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Robert James "Bobby" Fischer ( March 9 1943 – January 17 2008) was an American -born Chess Grandmaster The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Judit Polgár (born July 23, 1976) is a Hungarian Chess grandmaster. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Péter Lékó (Петер Леко (born September 8, 1979 in Subotica, Yugoslavia) is a Hungarian Chess player Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Étienne Bacrot (born January 22, 1983 in Picardie, France) is a French Chess grandmaster. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Ruslan Ponomariov (Руслан Пономарьов Русла́н Пономарёв (born October 11, 1983) is a Ukrainian Chess player Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Bu Xiangzhi ( Chinese: 卜祥志 Pinyin: Bǔ Xiángzhì born December 10, 1985 in Qingdao, Shandong) is a Chinese Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Sergey Karjakin (Сергій Карякін Сергей Карякин born January 12, 1990 in Simferopol) is a Ukrainian Chess Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Sergey Karjakin (Сергій Карякін Сергей Карякин born January 12, 1990 in Simferopol) is a Ukrainian Chess Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Parimarjan Negi (born 9 February 1993) is a 15-year-old Chess prodigy from India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Magnus Øen Carlsen (born Sven Magnus Øen Carlsen on 30 November 1990 is a Norwegian Chess Grandmaster and Chess prodigy. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Bu Xiangzhi ( Chinese: 卜祥志 Pinyin: Bǔ Xiángzhì born December 10, 1985 in Qingdao, Shandong) is a Chinese Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Teimour Radjabov, also spelled Teymur Rajabov (Teymur Rəcəbov born March 12 1987 in Baku, Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Azerbaijan ( English; Azərbaycan officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Respublikası is the largest and most populous country in the South Ruslan Ponomariov (Руслан Пономарьов Русла́н Пономарёв (born October 11, 1983) is a Ukrainian Chess player Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Wesley So (born October 9, 1993) is a Filipino GM -titled Chess player The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Étienne Bacrot (born January 22, 1983 in Picardie, France) is a French Chess grandmaster. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Maxime Vachier-Lagrave (born 1990 of France, is one of the youngest Chess grandmasters in history This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Péter Lékó (Петер Леко (born September 8, 1979 in Subotica, Yugoslavia) is a Hungarian Chess player Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Yuriy Kuzubov (born January 26 1990) is one of the youngest International Grandmasters in the history of Chess. Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Nguyễn Ngọc Trường Sơn (born Rach Soi Rach Gia Kien Giang Province Vietnam; February 23 1990) is a leading Vietnamese Chess Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Fabiano Luigi Caruana (born July 30 1992 in Miami Florida is a 16-year-old Chess prodigy with dual citizenship of Italy and the United States – Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Humpy Koneru (born 31 March 1987 in Gudivada, Andhra Pradesh) is a Chess grandmaster from India. [2]
References
External links
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