Chernihiv Чернігів
Panoramic view of the city.
Coat of arms
Map of Ukraine with Chernihiv highlighted.
Chernihiv Location of Chernihiv
Coordinates: 51°30′0″N 31°18′0″E / 51.5, 31.3
Country Oblast Raion	Ukraine Chernihiv Oblast Chernihivskyi Raion
Founded	907
Government
- Mayor	Oleksandr Sokolov
Area
- Total	79 km² (30. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Ukraine is subdivided into 24 Oblasts (provinces, one Autonomous republic, and two " cities with special status' " For the manufactured regenerated fiber see Rayon A raion (or rayon) (райо́н ra'jon rayon раён რაიონი Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Chernihiv Oblast (Чернігівська область translit Events By Place Asia Oleg leads the Kievan Rus' in a campaign against Constantinople (see Rus'-Byzantine A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 5 sq mi)
Population (2005)
- Total	300,500
- Density	1,547/km² (4,006. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 7/sq mi)
Postal code	14000-
Area code(s)	+ 380 462
Website: www.chernigiv-rada.gov.ua

Chernihiv (Ukrainian: Чернігів, Russian: Чернигов; Belarusian: Чарнігаў), also referred to as Chernigov, is a historic city in northern Ukraine. A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Ukrainian (in Ukrainian украї́нська мо́ва ukrayins'ka mova,) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages The Belarusian language, or Belorussian,(беларуская мова BGN/PCGN: byelaruskaya mova, Scientific: belaruskaja mova Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the administrative center of the Chernihiv Oblast (province), as well as of the surrounding Chernihivskyi Raion (district) within the oblast. Chernihiv Oblast (Чернігівська область translit Oblast (во́бласць oblast о́бласт oblast о́бласть област/ oblast; oblasť област о́бласть is a type of Administrative division For the manufactured regenerated fiber see Rayon A raion (or rayon) (райо́н ra'jon rayon раён რაიონი The estimated population of the city is around 299,000 (as of 2006). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

History

The Saviour Cathedral of Chernihiv (1030s) is the oldest in Ukraine.

Chernigov was first mentioned in the Rus'-Byzantine Treaty (907) (as Черниговъ), but is considered to have existed at least in the ninth century, as uncovered by archaeological excavations of a settlement which included the artifacts from the Khazar Khaganate. According to the Primary Chronicle, the first Rus'-Byzantine Treaty was concluded in 907 as a result of Oleg 's raid against Tsargrad (see The 9th century is the period from 801 to 900 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. "Kazar" redirects here for the Marvel Comics character see Ka-Zar; for the village in Azerbaijan see Xəzər. For other titles related to and uses of Khan, see that article Origin The title Towards the end of the 10th century, the city probably had its own rulers. It was there that the Black Grave, one of the largest and earliest royal mounds in Eastern Europe, was excavated back in the 19th century. The Black Grave ( Ukrainian: Chorna mohyla) ( is the largest burial mound ( Kurgan) in Chernihiv, Ukraine A tumulus (plural tumuli) is a Mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves

In the southern portion of the Kievan Rus the city was the second by importance and wealth. Kievan Rus′ (Ки́евская Русь romanised: Kievskaya Rus', rusʲ also written as Kyivan Rus′ (Ки́ївська Русь or Kievan ^[1] From the early eleventh century it was the seat of powerful Grand Principality of Chernigov, whose rulers at times vied for power with Kievan Grand Princes, and often overthrew them and took the primary seat in Kiev for themselves. The Principality of Chernigov is one of the largest and strongest state formations of Kievan Rus in 11th&ndash13th century Kiev, also known as Kyiv ( Ukrainian:, Kyiv, ˈkɪjiw Russian:, Kiyev; see also Cities' alternative names) is the The Title Grand Prince or Great Prince (Magnus Princeps Russian and Ukrainian: Великий князь Velikiy knyaz; Вялíкий The grand principality was the largest in Kievan Rus and included not only the Severian towns but even such remote regions as Murom, Ryazan and Tmutarakan. The Title Grand Prince or Great Prince (Magnus Princeps Russian and Ukrainian: Великий князь Velikiy knyaz; Вялíкий Severia (Северщина Severshchina; Сіверія or Сіверщина translit Murom (Му́ром Finnish: Muromi, Old Norse: Moramar) is a historic city in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, which sprawls History It is argued that the Ryazan Kremlin was founded in 800 by Slavic settlers as part of their drive into territory previously populated by Tmutarakan (Тмутаракань is an ancient city that controlled the Cimmerian Bosporus, the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov. The golden age of Chernigov, when the city population peaked at 25,000, lasted until 1239 when the city was sacked by the hordes of Batu Khan, which started a long period of relative obscurity. The term Golden age is best known from Greek mythology and legend but can also be found in other ancient cultures (see below The Mongol invasion of Rus' was heralded by the Battle of the Kalka River in 1223 between Subutai 's reconnaissance unit and the combined force Batu Khan (Бат Хаан Баты́й (c 1205–1255 was a Mongol ruler and the founder of the Blue Horde.

Marble pillars of the Savior Cathedral provide the only glimpse to the Byzantine opulence of the original 1036 interior.

The area fell under the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1353. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė old literary Lithuanian Didi Kunigiste Letuvos, Ruthenian: Wialikaje Kniastwa Litowskaje The city was burned again by Crimean khan Meñli I Giray in 1482 and 1497 and in the fifteenth to seventeenth centuries it changed hands several times between Lithuania, Muscovy (1408–1420 and from 1503), and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1618–1648), where it was granted Magdeburg rights in 1623 and in 1635 became a seat of Czernihów Voivodship. The Crimean Khanate or the Khanate of Crimea (Qırım Hanlığı|قريم خانلغى Крымское ханство - Krymskoye khanstvo; Meñli I Giray (I Meñli Geray|۱مڭلى گراى (1445&ndash1515 also spelled as Mengli I Giray, was a khan of the Crimean Khanate (1466 1469&ndash1475 The Grand Duchy of Moscow (Великое княжество Московское was a medieval Russian polity centered on Moscow between 1340 and The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, officially the Commonwealth of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also known as the Most Serene Republic Magdeburg Rights (Magdeburger Recht or Magdeburg Law were a set of German town laws regulating the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted with The area's importance increased again in the middle of the seventeenth century during and after the Khmelnytsky Uprising. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar The term Khmelnytsky Uprising (also Khmel'nyts'kyi/Chmielnicki Uprising or Khmelnytsky / Chmielnicki Rebellion) refers to a Rebellion or In the Hetman State Chernihiv was the city of deployment of Chernihiv Cossack regiment (both a military and territorial unit of the time). The Zaporozhian Cossacks (Запорожці Zaporozhtsi,were Cossacks who lived in Zaporizhia, in Central Ukraine The Hetmanate or officially Viysko Zaporozke (Гетьманщина Het’manshchyna; Військо Запорозьке Viys’ko Zaporoz’ke Polkovnyk (полковник was a high military rank among the Ukrainian Cossack Starshyna ( officers)

Under the 1667 Treaty of Andrusovo the legal suzerainty of the area was ceded to Tsardom of Russia, with Chernihiv remaining an important center of the autonomous Cossack Hetmanate. Suzerainty (ˈsjuːzərənti RP or /ˈsjuːzəreɪnti/ RP) (/ˈsuːzərənti/ GA) is a situation in which a Region or people is a The Tsardom of Rus' (Царство Русское was the official name for the Russian state between Ivan IV 's assumption of the title of Tsar (Emperor in 1547 The Hetmanate or officially Viysko Zaporozke (Гетьманщина Het’manshchyna; Військо Запорозьке Viys’ko Zaporoz’ke With the abolishment of the Hetmanate, the city became an ordinary administrative center of the Russian Empire and a capital of local administrative units. The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya The area in general was ruled by the Governor-General appointed from Saint Petersburg, the imperial capital, and Chernigov was the capital of local namestnichestvo (province) (from 1782), Malorosiyskaya or Little Russian (from 1797) and Chernigov Governorate (from 1808). The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River Namestnik (наме́стник) was an office position in the history of Russia. Year 1782 ( MDCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Little Russia, sometimes Little or Lesser Rus’ ( Malorossiya; Mala Rus’) was the name applied to parts of the territory of modern-day Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Chernigov Governorate (Черниговская губернiя translit Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year

Downtown

The Church of St. Paraskevi (ca. Paraskevi ("( Good) Friday" in Greek is a female name 1201, restored after WWII).

Eletsky monastery cathedral was modeled after that of Kiev Pechersk Lavra. Kiev Pechersk Lavra (Києво-Печерська лавра Kyievo-Pechers’ka lavra; Киево-Печерская лавра Kievo-Pecherskaya lavra) Note the contrast between its austere 12th-century walls and baroque 17th-century domes.

Chernihiv's architectural monuments chronicle two most flourishing periods in the city's history - those of Kievan Rus (11th and 12th centuries) and of the Cossack Hetmanate (late 17th and early 18th centuries. Kievan Rus′ (Ки́евская Русь romanised: Kievskaya Rus', rusʲ also written as Kyivan Rus′ (Ки́ївська Русь or Kievan The Hetmanate or officially Viysko Zaporozke (Гетьманщина Het’manshchyna; Військо Запорозьке Viys’ko Zaporoz’ke )

The oldest church in the city and in the whole of Ukraine is the 5-domed Saviour Cathedral, commissioned in the early 1030s by Mstislav the Bold and completed several decades later by his brother, Yaroslav the Wise. Mstislav of Chernigov, or Mstislav the Bold (Мстислав Владимирович Храбрый was the earliest attested ruler of Chernigov ( Chernihiv Yaroslav I the Wise (c 978 in Kiev - February 20, 1054 in Kiev) ( East Slavic: Ярослав Мудрый Christian name The Cathedral of Sts Boris and Gleb, dating from the mid-12th century, was much rebuilt in succeeding periods, before being restored to its original shape in the 20th century. There are other people known as Saint David and Saint Roman. Boris and Gleb ( Russian: Борис и Глеб Ukrainian Likewise built in brick, it has a single dome and six pillars. The crowning achievement of Chernigov masters was the exquisite Church of St Paraskeba (Pyatnitskaya), constructed at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. This graceful building was seriously damaged in the Second World War; its original medieval outlook was reconstructed to a design by Peter Baranovsky. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Pyotr Dmitrievich Baranovsky ( February 26, 1892 - June 12, 1984) was a Russian Architect, Preservationist

The earliest residential buildings in the downtown date from the late 17th century, a period when a Cossack regiment was deployed there. Two most representative residences are those of Polkovnyk Lyzohub (1690s) and Polkovnyk Polubutok (1700s). Polkovnyk (полковник was a high military rank among the Ukrainian Cossack Starshyna ( officers) Polkovnyk (полковник was a high military rank among the Ukrainian Cossack Starshyna ( officers) The former mansion, popularly known as the Mazepa House, used to contain the regiment's chancellery. Ivan Stepanovych Mazepa (Іван Степанович Мазепа historically spelled as Mazeppa; 20 March 1639 &mdash 2 October One of the most profusely decorated Cossack structures is undoubtedly the ecclesiastical collegium, surmounted by a bell-tower (1702). The archbishop's residence was constructed nearby in the 1780s. St Catherine Church (1715), with its 5 gilded pear domes, traditional for Ukrainian architecture, is thought to have been intended as a memorial to the regiment's exploits during the storm of Azov in 1696. Azov (Азо́в a'zof is a town in Rostov Oblast, Russia, situated on the Don River just sixteen kilometers from the Sea of Azov

Monasteries

All through the most trying periods of its history, Chernihiv retained its ecclesiastical importance as the seat of bishopric or archbishopric. At the outskirts of the modern city lie two ancient cave monasteries, formerly used as the bishops' residences. A cave monastery is a Monastery built in Caves with possible outside facilities

The caves of the Eletsky Monastery are said to predate those of the Kiev Pechersk Lavra (Kiev Monastery of the Caves). Kiev Pechersk Lavra (Києво-Печерська лавра Kyievo-Pechers’ka lavra; Киево-Печерская лавра Kievo-Pecherskaya lavra) Its magnificent 6-pillared cathedral was erected at the turn of the 11th and 12th centuries; some traces of its 750-year-old murals may still be seen in the interior. After the domes collapsed in 1611, they were augmented and reconstructed in the Ukrainian baroque style. Ukrainian Baroque or Cossack Baroque is an architectural style that emerged in Ukraine during the Hetmanate era in the 17th and 18th centuries The wall, monastic cells, and bell-tower all date from the 17th century. The nearby mother superior's house is thought to be the oldest residential building in the Left-Bank Ukraine. Left-bank Ukraine ( Livoberezhna Ukrayina; Levoberezhnaya Ukraina; Lewobrzeżna Ukraina is a historic name of the part of Ukraine on the left (East The cloister's holiest icon used to be that of Theotokos, who made her epiphany to Svyatoslav of Chernigov on February 6, 1060. Theotokos (Θεοτόκος translit Theotókos) is a title of Mary the mother of Jesus used especially in the Eastern Orthodox, Sviatoslav Iaroslavich (1027 &ndash December 27, 1076, Kiev) was the Prince ( Kniaz) of Chernigov from 1054 to 1073 and Grand Prince Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio The icon, called Eletskaya after the fir wood it was painted upon, was taken to Moscow by Svyatoslav's descendants - Princes Boryatinsky - in 1579. Firs ( Abies) are a genus of between 45-55 species of Evergreen conifers in the family Pinaceae. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of

The nearby cave monastery of St Elijah and the Holy Trinity features a small eponymous church, which was constructed 800 years ago. The roomy Trinity cathedral, one of the most imposing monuments of the Cossack baroque, was erected between 1679 and 1689. The Trinity Monastery (Троїцько-Іллінський монастир translit Ukrainian Baroque or Cossack Baroque is an architectural style that emerged in Ukraine during the Hetmanate era in the 17th and 18th centuries Its refectory, with the adjoining church of Presentation to the Temple, was finished by 1679. There are also the 17th-century towered walls, monastic cells, and the 5-tiered belfry from the 1780s.

Other historic abbeys may be visited in the vicinity of Chernihiv; those in Kozelets and Hustynya contain superb samples of Ukrainian national architecture. Kozelets (Козелець Козелец is a historic town located in Chernihiv Oblast ( province) of northern Ukraine. Ukrainian Baroque or Cossack Baroque is an architectural style that emerged in Ukraine during the Hetmanate era in the 17th and 18th centuries The area is served by Chernihiv Shestovitsa Airport, and during the Cold War it was the site of Chernigov air base. Chernihiv Airport (also given as Chernihiv Shestovitsa) is an airport in Ukraine located 15 km southwest of Chernihiv. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the Chernihiv (also given in the Soviet era as Chernigov) is an air base in Ukraine located 5 km north of Chernihiv.

Famous people from Chernihiv

• Ossip Maximovitch Bodyanskiy, a Russian-Ukrainian Slavist, writer, and historian
• Anatoly Rybakov, a Russian writer
• Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko, a prominent Soviet Bolshevik leader and diplomat. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Ukrainians (Українці Ukrayintsi,) are an East Slavic Ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly— Citizens Slavic studies or Slavistics is the Academic field of Area studies concerned with Slavic areas Slavic languages, literature history A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms See also History An historian is an individual who studies and writes about History, and is regarded as an Authority on it Anatoly Naumovich Rybakov (Анатолий Наумович Рыбаков - December 23 1998) was a Russian writer, the author of the anti- This is the list of authors that wrote in Russian language. Not all of them are of Russian descent Vladimir Alexandrovich Antonov-Ovseenko (actual surname Ovseenko) (Владимир Александрович Антонов(-Овсеенко Володимир Антонов-Овсєєнко A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists ( Большевик Большевист (singular, derived from bolshe, "more" were a faction

Sister cities of Chernihiv

Chernihiv is currently twinned with:
Bryansk
Perm
Mytischi
Homyel
Memmingen
Tarnobrzeg

References

External links

http://www.chernigov-ukraine.info/ Chernigov Ukraine Information. Guide to apartments, marriage agency, sites, bars, restaurants, and other information on Kiev Ukraine