Cheers
Cheers title screen
Format	Sitcom
Created by	James Burrows Glen Charles Les Charles
Starring	Ted Danson Kirstie Alley Shelly Long Nicholas Colasanto Rhea Perlman John Ratzenberger Woody Harrelson Kelsey Grammer Bebe Neuwirth George Wendt
Opening theme	"Where Everybody Knows Your Name" by Gary Portnoy
Country of origin	United States
No. James Edward Burrows (born December 30 1940) is an American Television director who has been working in television since the 1970s Glen Charles was born in Henderson Nevada. He attended the University of Redlands, California and earned a B Les Charles was born in Henderson Nevada. He attended the University of Redlands, California and earned a B Edward Bridge “Ted” Danson III (born December 29, 1947) is an American Actor best known for his role as central character " Kirsten Louise "Kirstie" Alley (born January 12 1951 is an American Actress known for her role in the TV show Cheers, in which Shelley Lee Long (born August 23, 1949) is a Golden Globe Award and Emmy Award -winning American film, stage Nicholas Colasanto ( January 19, 1924 - February 12, 1985) was an American Actor, known primarily for his role as Rhea Perlman (born March 31, 1948) is an American four-time Emmy Award -winning actress, known for her role as Carla Tortelli John Deszo Ratzenberger (born April 6 1947) is an American Actor. Woodrow Tracy "Woody" Harrelson (born July 23 1961) is an American Emmy Award -winning and Academy Award -nominated Allen Kelsey Grammer (born February 21 1955) is an American Actor best known for his two-decade portrayal of psychiatrist Dr Beatrice “Bebe” Neuwirth (born December 31 1958 is an American actress, Singer and Dancer. George Robert Wendt (born October 17, 1948) is an American Actor, best known for the role of Norm Peterson on the classic Television Gary Portnoy (born June 8, 1956) is a singer/ songwriter from New York best known for co-writing and singing the theme songs to two U The United States of America —commonly referred to as the of seasons	11
No.  of episodes	269 (+2 specials) (List of episodes)
Production
Running time	24 minutes
Broadcast
Original channel	NBC
Original run	September 30, 1982 – May 20, 1993
Chronology
Followed by	Frasier (1993-2004)
External links
IMDb profile
TV.com summary

Cheers is an American situation comedy television series that ran eleven seasons from 1982 to 1993. The following is a list of all 269 episodes of the television show Cheers. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the The year 1982 in television involved some significant eventsBelow is a list of Television -related events in 1982. Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held The year 1993 in television involved some significant eventsBelow is a list of Television -related events in 1993. Frasier is an American sitcom, a Spin-off of Cheers starring Kelsey Grammer as The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It was produced by Charles-Burrows-Charles Productions in association with Paramount Television (now CBS Paramount Television) for NBC, having been created by the team of James Burrows, Glen Charles, and Les Charles. Charles/Burrows/Charles Productions was a television production company of director James Burrows, and writers Glen Charles and Les Charles. Paramount Television was an American Television production / distribution Company that was active from December 1967 to January CBS Paramount Television (formerly Desilu Productions, Paramount Television, among other companies is an American Television production The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's James Edward Burrows (born December 30 1940) is an American Television director who has been working in television since the 1970s Glen Charles was born in Henderson Nevada. He attended the University of Redlands, California and earned a B Les Charles was born in Henderson Nevada. He attended the University of Redlands, California and earned a B The show is set in the Cheers bar (named for the toast "Cheers") in Boston, Massachusetts, where a group of locals meet to drink and have fun. A bar (also called a Pub or Tavern) is a business that serves drinks especially Alcoholic beverages such as beer liquor and mixed drinks for consumption A toast is someone or something in Honor of which people usually have a drink the drink or honor itself or the act ( Pledge) of indicating that honor The show's theme song was written by Judy Hart Angelo and Gary Portnoy and performed by Portnoy;^[1]its famous refrain, Where Everybody Knows Your Name also became the show's tagline. Gary Portnoy (born June 8, 1956) is a singer/ songwriter from New York best known for co-writing and singing the theme songs to two U A tagline is a variant of a branding slogan typically used in Marketing materials and Advertising.

After premiering on September 30, 1982, it was nearly cancelled during its first season when it ranked dead last in ratings. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the The year 1982 in television involved some significant eventsBelow is a list of Television -related events in 1982. ^[2][3] However, Cheers eventually became a highly rated television show in the United States, earning a top-ten rating during eight of its eleven seasons, including one season at #1, and spending the bulk of its run on NBC's "Must See Thursday" lineup. Nielsen Ratings are audience measurement systems developed by Nielsen Media Research to determine the Audience size and composition of television Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic "Must See TV" is an advertising Slogan used by the NBC Television network to brand its Prime time blocks of sitcoms during Its widely watched series finale was broadcast on May 20, 1993. The following is a list of most-watched television broadcasts, organized by country and based on various criteria A series finale is the very last installment of a Television series, usually a Sitcom or Drama. Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held The year 1993 in television involved some significant eventsBelow is a list of Television -related events in 1993. The show's 275 episodes have been successfully syndicated worldwide, and have earned 28 Emmy Awards from of a total of 117 nominations. The following is a list of all 269 episodes of the television show Cheers. In Broadcasting, syndication is the sale of the right to broadcast Radio shows and Television shows to multiple individual stations without going through ^[4] The character Frasier Crane (Kelsey Grammer) was featured in his own successful spin-off, Frasier. Dr Frasier W Crane (b 1952 is a fictional character on American television Sitcoms Frasier and Cheers. Allen Kelsey Grammer (born February 21 1955) is an American Actor best known for his two-decade portrayal of psychiatrist Dr A Spin-off in Television is a new series which contains either characters or theme elements from an old series Frasier is an American sitcom, a Spin-off of Cheers starring Kelsey Grammer as

Cast

Cheers maintained an ensemble cast, keeping roughly the same set of characters for the entire run. An ensemble cast is a cast in which the principal performers are assigned roughly equal amounts of importance in a dramatic production Numerous secondary characters and love interests for these characters appeared intermittently to complement storylines that generally revolved around this core group.

The table below summarizes the main cast of Cheers.

The main cast of Cheers after season 7
(from left to right): (top) John Ratzenberger, Roger Rees, Woody Harrelson (middle) Rhea Perlman, Ted Danson, Kirstie Alley, George Wendt (bottom) Kelsey Grammer, Bebe Neuwirth. For the Ohio politician see Sam Malone. Sam "Mayday" Malone was a character on the American Television Edward Bridge “Ted” Danson III (born December 29, 1947) is an American Actor best known for his role as central character " In Baseball, the pitcher is the player who throwsthe baseball from the Pitcher's mound toward the Catcher to begin each play with the goal of The Boston Red Sox are a Professional baseball team based in Boston Massachusetts, and are the reigning (2007 World Series Champions. Diane Chambers was a fictional character portrayed by Shelley Long on the American Television show Cheers (1982–1987 1993 and Shelley Lee Long (born August 23, 1949) is a Golden Globe Award and Emmy Award -winning American film, stage Rebecca Howe is a fictional character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Kirstie Alley. Kirsten Louise "Kirstie" Alley (born January 12 1951 is an American Actress known for her role in the TV show Cheers, in which Carla Maria Victoria Angelina Teresa Apollonia Lozupone Tortelli LeBec, known as Carla Tortelli, was a Waitress on the American Television show Rhea Perlman (born March 31, 1948) is an American four-time Emmy Award -winning actress, known for her role as Carla Tortelli Homemaker is a mainly American term which may refer either to the person within a family who is primarily concerned with the management of the household whether Woodrow Tiberius "Woody" Boyd was a loveable albeit moronic character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Woody Woodrow Tracy "Woody" Harrelson (born July 23 1961) is an American Emmy Award -winning and Academy Award -nominated Hillary Norman "Norm" Peterson was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by George Wendt. George Robert Wendt (born October 17, 1948) is an American Actor, best known for the role of Norm Peterson on the classic Television Accountancy or accounting is the measurement statement or provision of assurance about financial information primarily used by Lenders managers, Interior decoration or decor is the Art of decorating a room so that it is attractive easy to use and functions well with the existing Architecture Clifford C Clavin Jr was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by John Ratzenberger. John Deszo Ratzenberger (born April 6 1947) is an American Actor. A postal worker is one who works for a Post office, such as a Mail carrier Dr Frasier W Crane (b 1952 is a fictional character on American television Sitcoms Frasier and Cheers. Allen Kelsey Grammer (born February 21 1955) is an American Actor best known for his two-decade portrayal of psychiatrist Dr A psychiatrist (also archaically called an alienist) is a Physician who specializes in Psychiatry and is certified in treating Mental disorders Ernie "Coach" Pantusso is a fictional character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Nicholas Colasanto Nicholas Colasanto ( January 19, 1924 - February 12, 1985) was an American Actor, known primarily for his role as In Baseball, a number of coaches assist in the smooth functioning of a team Lilith Sternin was a supporting character played by Bebe Neuwirth on the American Sitcom Cheers and its spinoff series Frasier Beatrice “Bebe” Neuwirth (born December 31 1958 is an American actress, Singer and Dancer. A psychiatrist (also archaically called an alienist) is a Physician who specializes in Psychiatry and is certified in treating Mental disorders John Deszo Ratzenberger (born April 6 1947) is an American Actor. Roger Rees (born May 5, 1944) is a Welsh - American actor Biography Rees was born in Aberystwyth, Wales, Woodrow Tracy "Woody" Harrelson (born July 23 1961) is an American Emmy Award -winning and Academy Award -nominated Rhea Perlman (born March 31, 1948) is an American four-time Emmy Award -winning actress, known for her role as Carla Tortelli Edward Bridge “Ted” Danson III (born December 29, 1947) is an American Actor best known for his role as central character " Kirsten Louise "Kirstie" Alley (born January 12 1951 is an American Actress known for her role in the TV show Cheers, in which George Robert Wendt (born October 17, 1948) is an American Actor, best known for the role of Norm Peterson on the classic Television Allen Kelsey Grammer (born February 21 1955) is an American Actor best known for his two-decade portrayal of psychiatrist Dr Beatrice “Bebe” Neuwirth (born December 31 1958 is an American actress, Singer and Dancer.

The character of Sam Malone was originally intended to be a retired football player and was originally supposed to be played by Fred Dryer, but after casting Ted Danson it was decided that a former relief pitcher for the Boston Red Sox would be more believable. For the Ohio politician see Sam Malone. Sam "Mayday" Malone was a character on the American Television American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with John Frederick "Fred" Dryer (born July 6, 1946 in Hawthorne California) son of the late Charles F Edward Bridge “Ted” Danson III (born December 29, 1947) is an American Actor best known for his role as central character " A relief pitcher or reliever is a Baseball or Softball Pitcher who enters the game after the Starting pitcher is removed due to injury The Boston Red Sox are a Professional baseball team based in Boston Massachusetts, and are the reigning (2007 World Series Champions. ^[5] The character of Cliff Clavin was created for John Ratzenberger after he auditioned for the role of "Norm". Clifford C Clavin Jr was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by John Ratzenberger. John Deszo Ratzenberger (born April 6 1947) is an American Actor. While chatting with producers afterwards, he asked if they were going to include a "bar know-it-all", the part which he eventually played. Know-it-all or know-all is an Epithet applied to any person who exhibits the belief that he or she possesses a superior intellect and wealth of knowledge and shows ^[6] Kirstie Alley joined the cast when Shelley Long left, and Woody Harrelson joined when Nicholas Colasanto died. Kirsten Louise "Kirstie" Alley (born January 12 1951 is an American Actress known for her role in the TV show Cheers, in which Shelley Lee Long (born August 23, 1949) is a Golden Globe Award and Emmy Award -winning American film, stage Woodrow Tracy "Woody" Harrelson (born July 23 1961) is an American Emmy Award -winning and Academy Award -nominated Nicholas Colasanto ( January 19, 1924 - February 12, 1985) was an American Actor, known primarily for his role as Danson, George Wendt, and Rhea Perlman were the only actors to appear in every episode of the series. George Robert Wendt (born October 17, 1948) is an American Actor, best known for the role of Norm Peterson on the classic Television Rhea Perlman (born March 31, 1948) is an American four-time Emmy Award -winning actress, known for her role as Carla Tortelli ^[7] Paul Willson, who played the recurring barfly character of "Paul", made early appearances in the first season as "Glen", was credited as "Gregg", and also appeared in the show as a character named "Tom". Paul Willson (born December 25 1945 is an American Actor, most notable for his Television work ^[8]

Guest stars

Although Cheers operated largely around that main ensemble cast, guest stars did occasionally supplement them. Notable repeat guests included Jay Thomas as Eddie LeBec, Dan Hedaya as Nick Tortelli, Jean Kasem as Loretta Tortelli, Roger Rees as Robin Colcord, Tom Skerritt as Evan Drake, and Harry Anderson as Harry the Hat. Jay Thomas (born July 12, 1948) is an American Actor and Disc jockey. Guy Édouard Raymond "Eddie" LeBec was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Jay Thomas. Dan Hedaya (born July 24, 1940) is an American Actor. He often plays sleazy villains or uptight wisecracking individuals Nick Tortelli, was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Dan Hedaya. Jean Thompson Kasem (born 1954 in Portsmouth New Hampshire) is an American actress Loretta Tortelli was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Jean Kasem. Roger Rees (born May 5, 1944) is a Welsh - American actor Biography Rees was born in Aberystwyth, Wales, Robin Colcord, was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Roger Rees. Thomas Roy "Tom" Skerritt (born August 25, 1933) is an Emmy Award -winning American Actor who has appeared in over 40 films Evan Gregory Drake was a Recurring character on the television series Cheers, portrayed by Tom Skerritt. ---- Harry Anderson (born October 14 1952 is an Emmy Award -nominated American Actor and magician. Other celebrities guest-starred in single episodes as themselves throughout the series. Some sports figures appeared on the show as former team-mates of Sam's from the Red Sox such as Luis Tiant and Wade Boggs, while others appeared with no connection to Cheers such as Kevin McHale (star player of the Boston Celtics, Cheers' hometown basketball team) or Mike Ditka. Luis Tiant (/luˈis tiˈant/ born November 23, 1940 ? in Marianao, Cuba) (then part of Havana Province, born Luis Clemente Tiant Wade Anthony Boggs (born June 15 1958 in Omaha Nebraska) is a former Third baseman in Major League Baseball, primarily with the Boston Red Sox For other people of the same name see Kevin McHale (disambiguation Kevin Edward McHale (born December 19 1957 is an American former The Boston Celtics are an American professional Basketball team based in Boston, Massachusetts, playing in the Atlantic Division of the Michael Keller Ditka Jr (born October 18, 1939, in Carnegie Pennsylvania) also known as Iron Mike Ditka or Da Coach, is a former Some television stars also made guest appearances such as Johnny Gilbert, Alex Trebek, Arsenio Hall, Dick Cavett, and Johnny Carson. Johnny Gilbert (born July 13, 1924 in Newport News Virginia) is an American Television Game show personality George Alexander "Alex" Trebek (born July 22 1940 is an Emmy Award -winning Canadian - American Arsenio Hall (born February 12 1955 in Cleveland Ohio) is an African-American Actor, Comedian, and former Talk show host Richard Alva "Dick" Cavett (born November 19, 1936) is an American former Television Talk show host known for his conversational John William “Johnny” Carson ( October 23, 1925 &ndash January 23, 2005) was an American Television host and Some political figures even made appearances on Cheers such as then-Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Admiral William J. Crowe, former Colorado Senator Gary Hart, then-Speaker of the House Tip O'Neill, Senator John Kerry, then-Governor Michael Dukakis, and then-Mayor of Boston Raymond Flynn (the last four of which all represented Cheers' home state and city). The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff ( CJCS) is by law the highest ranking military officer overall in the United States Armed Please see " Admiral " for other nations which use this rank In the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard and the Admiral William James Crowe Jr ( January 2 1925 &ndash October 18 2007) was a United States Navy Admiral who The State of Colorado ( or chiefly by nonresidents) is a state located in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States of America. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives For the football player see Gary Hart (footballer. Gary Hart (born Gary Warren Hartpence, November 28, 1936 The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is the presiding officer&mdashor speaker &mdashof the United States House of Representatives. Thomas Phillip "Tip" O'Neill Jr ( December 9, 1912 &ndash January 5, 1994) was an American politician. } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government Michael Stanley Dukakis (born November 3, 1933) is an American Democratic politician former Governor of Massachusetts, and was the Democratic A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Raymond Leo Flynn (born July 22, 1939) also known as Ray Flynn, was elected Mayor of Boston (1984–1993 Musician Harry Connick, Jr. appeared in an episode as Woody's cousin^[9] and plays a song from his Grammy winning album We Are in Love (c. Joseph Harry Fowler Connick Jr (born September 11, 1967) is an American singer, Pianist, Composer, Actor, We Are in Love is an album by American artist Harry Connick Jr 1991). John Cleese won an Emmy for his guest appearance as "Dr. John Marwood Cleese (ˈkliːz born 27 October, 1939) is a British Actor, Comedian, Writer, Film producer Simon Finch-Royce" in a fifth season episode "Simon Says". ^[4] Emma Thompson guest starred as Nanny Gee/Nanette Guzman, a famous singing nanny and Frasier's ex-wife. Emma Thompson (born April 15 1959 is an Academy Award - Emmy Award - BAFTA Award - and Golden Globe -winning Anglo-Scottish Actress The Righteous Brothers, Bobby Hatfield and Bill Medley, also guest starred.

Production

The concept for Cheers was the end result of a long consideration process. The original idea was a group of workers who interacted like a family, hoping to be similar to The Mary Tyler Moore Show. The Mary Tyler Moore Show is an American Television sitcom created by James L They considered making an American version of the British Fawlty Towers centered around a hotel or an inn. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Fawlty Towers is a British sitcom made by the BBC and first broadcast on BBC2 in 1975 When the creators settled on a bar as their setting the show began to resemble the radio show Duffy's Tavern. Radio programming is the content that is broadcast by Radio stations The original inventors of radio such as Nikola Tesla and Guglielmo Duffy's Tavern, an American radio Situation comedy ( CBS, 1941-1942 NBC-Blue Network, 1942-1944 NBC, 1944-1952 They liked the idea of a tavern as it provided a continuous stream of new people arriving, giving them a constant supply of characters. ^[3]

Picture of Bull & Finch Pub in Boston in 2005. The Bull & Finch Pub is a bar / restaurant located on Beacon Street in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston Massachusetts, across from the Boston Public Garden This view is similar to the opening credits of the show.

After choosing a plot, the three had to choose a location. Early discussions centered around Barstow, California, then Kansas City, Missouri. Barstow is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. Kansas City Missouri only Items for the metro area Kansas City Kansas or North Kansas City MO should go on their respective pages They eventually turned to the East Coast and Boston. The East Coast of the United States, also known as the "Eastern Seaboard" or "Atlantic Seaboard" refers to the easternmost coastal states in the central and northern The Bull & Finch Pub in Boston that Cheers was styled after was originally chosen from a phone book. The Bull & Finch Pub is a bar / restaurant located on Beacon Street in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston Massachusetts, across from the Boston Public Garden When Glen Charles asked the owner to shoot initial exterior and interior shots the owner agreed, charging $1. In Film and Television, an establishing shot sets up or "establishes" a scene's setting and/or its participants The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been He has since gone on to make millions, licensing the pub's image and selling a variety of Cheers memorabilia, making the Bull & Finch the 42nd busiest outlet in the American food and beverage industry in 1997. Coincidentally during Shelley Long's casting (who was in Boston at the time filming A Small Circle of Friends) she remarked that the bar in the script resembled a bar she had come upon in Boston, which turned out to be the Bull & Finch. A Small Circle of Friends is a film released in 1980 by MGM starring Brad Davis, Karen Allen, Jameson Parker, Shelly Long ^[3]

Most Cheers episodes were shot before a live studio audience on Paramount Stage 25, generally on Tuesday nights. Scripts for a new episode were issued the Wednesday before for a read-through, Friday was rehearsal day, and final scripts were issued on Monday. In the context of Film production, the read-through is an organized table reading of the Screenplay by the Actors with Speaking parts An A rehearsal is a preparatory event in Music and Theatre (and in other contexts that is performed before the official public Performance, as a form of Nearly 100 crewmembers were involved in the shooting of a single episode. Burrows, who directed most episodes, insisted on shooting on film rather than videotape. Videotape is a means of recording images and sound onto Magnetic tape as opposed to movie film. He was also noted for using motion in his directorial style, trying to always keep characters moving rather than standing still. ^[3]

Crew

The crew of Cheers numbered in the hundreds; as such, this section can only provide a brief summary of the many crewmembers for the show. The three creators — James Burrows, Glen Charles, and Les Charles — stayed on throughout the series as executive producers along with Tom Palmer. James Edward Burrows (born December 30 1940) is an American Television director who has been working in television since the 1970s Glen Charles was born in Henderson Nevada. He attended the University of Redlands, California and earned a B Les Charles was born in Henderson Nevada. He attended the University of Redlands, California and earned a B ^[10] In fact, the two Charles brothers kept offices on Paramount's lot for the duration of Cheers run. In the final seasons, however, they handed over much of the show to Burrows. Burrows is regarded as being a factor in the show's longevity, directing 243 of the episodes and supervising the show's production. ^[3] David Angell was also a part of the crew from the start, writing many Cheers episodes. David Lawrence Angell ( April 10, 1946 – September 11, 2001) was an American producer of Sitcoms Angell The show was often noted for its writing^[11][3] which most credit along with other production factors and the ensemble cast for the show's success.

Awards

Over its eleven-season run, Cheers and its cast and crew earned many awards. Cheers earned 117 Emmy nominations. In addition, Cheers has earned 31 Golden Globe nominations with a total of 6 wins. The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner All ten of the actors who were regulars on the series received Emmy nominations for their roles. Cheers won the Golden Globe for "Best TV-Series - Comedy/Musical" in 1991 and the Emmy for "Outstanding Comedy Series" in 1983, 1984, 1989 and 1991. Cheers was presented with the "Legend Award" at the 2006 TV Land Awards, with many surviving cast members attending the event. The TV Land Awards are American television awards that generally commemorate shows now off the air rather than in current production as with awards such as the Emmys ^[12]

The following table summarizes awards won by the Cheers cast and crew. ^[4]

Plot

For the full list of episodes, see List of Cheers episodes

Nearly all of Cheers took place in the front room of the bar, but they often went into the rear pool room or the bar's office. The following is a list of all 269 episodes of the television show Cheers. Cheers didn't show any action outside the bar until the first episode of the second season, which took the action to Diane's apartment. Cheers is an American Situation comedy television series that ran eleven seasons from 1982 to 1993 Cheers had some running gags, such as Norm arriving in the bar greeted by a loud "Norm!" Early episodes generally followed Sam's antics with his various women, following a variety of romantic comedy clichés to get out of whatever relationship troubles he was in for each episode. The running gag is an often amusing Joke or reference that appears repeatedly throughout a work or series of works Romantic comedy films, colloquially known as romcom, are movies with light-hearted humorous plotlines centered around romantic ideals such as a True love able to A cliché (from French, klɪ'ʃe or cliche is a phrase expression or idea that has been overused to the point of losing its intended force As the show progressed and Sam got into more serious relationships the general tone switched to comedy on Sam settling down into a monogamous lifestyle. Monogamy is the custom or condition of having only one mate in a Relationship, thus forming a Couple. Throughout the series, larger story arcs began to develop that spanned multiple episodes or seasons interspersed with smaller themes and one-off episodes. A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as Television, Comic books Comic strips

Romance

Sam and Diane kiss

The show's main theme in its early seasons was the romance between the intellectual waitress Diane Chambers and bar owner Sam Malone, a former major league baseball pitcher for the Boston Red Sox and a recovering alcoholic . In Baseball, the pitcher is the player who throwsthe baseball from the Pitcher's mound toward the Catcher to begin each play with the goal of Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions ^[13] After Long left the show, the focus shifted to Sam's new relationship with neurotic corporate climber Rebecca. Both romances became important continuing story lines, with relationship growth and change. The story arc began with mutual detestation but sexual attraction to dating and love, and back to detestation. Both relationships featured multi-episode "will they or won't they" sexual tension that drew viewers in. Sexual tension is the occurrence between two people (which is often found in works of Fiction) where two or more of the individuals sexually long for one another but the consummation After Sam and Diane's courtship was consummated, the show's popularity grew greatly and subsequent TV shows now very commonly have such "will they or won't they" tensions between opposites. ^[14]

Social issues

Many Cheers scripts centered around or were improved with a variety of social issues. As Toasting Cheers puts it:^[3]

Social class was a subtext of the show. Social class refers to the hierarchical distinctions (or stratification) between individuals or groups in Societies or Cultures. The "upper class" - represented by characters like Diane Chambers, Frasier Crane, Lilith Sternin and (initially) Rebecca Howe — rubbed shoulders with middle and working class characters — Sam Malone, Carla Tortelli, Norm Peterson and Cliff Clavin. An extreme example of this was the relationship between Woody Boyd and millionaire's daughter Kelly Gaines. Kelly Gaines Boyd was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Jackie Swanson. Many viewers enjoyed Cheers in part because of this focus on character development in addition to plot development. ^[11][3]

Feminism and the role of women were also recurring themes throughout the show, with some seeing each of the major female characters as a flawed feminist in her own way. Feminism is a discourse that involves various movements theories, and Philosophies which are concerned with the issue of Gender difference, advocate ^[15] Diane was a vocal feminist, but Sam was the epitome of everything she hated: a womanizer and a male chauvinist. Promiscuity refers to sexual behavior of a man or woman who casually has sex with many partners Chauvinism (ˈʃoʊvɨnɪzəm is extreme and unreasoning Partisanship on behalf of a group to which one belongs especially when the partisanship includes malice and hatred Their relationship led Diane to several diatribes on Sam's promiscuity, while Carla merely insulted people. ^[3] Carla was respected because of her power, while Diane was ignored as she commanded little respect. Rebecca was a stereotypical ambitious and golddigging woman, seeking relationships with her superiors at the Lillian Corporation, most notably Robin Colcord, to gain promotions or raises. Significant age disparity in sexual relationships has been and remains a feature of couples in many Cultures and societies. Robin Colcord, was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Roger Rees. However, she encountered a glass ceiling and ended the show by marrying a plumber rather than a rich businessman. The term glass ceiling' refers to situations where the advancement of a qualified person within the hierarchy of an organization is stopped at a lower level because of some form of

Homosexuality was dealt with from the very first season, a rare move for American network television in the early 1980s. Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of the same sex or to a Homosexual orientation. In the first season episode "The Boys In The Bar" (after the 1970s film The Boys in the Band) a friend and former teammate of Sam's comes out in his autobiography. The Boys in the Band is a 1970 American Drama film directed by William Friedkin. Closeted Coming out (that is " coming out of the closet " describes the voluntary public announcement of one's Sexual orientation and/or Gender identity An autobiography, from the Greek αὐτός autos "self" βίος bios "life" and γράφειν graphein "to write" Some of the male regulars pressure Sam to take action to ensure that Cheers does not become a gay bar. gay bar (also known as a boy bar if the clientele is predominantly male or conversely a girl bar) is a drinking establishment that caters exclusively The episode won a GLAAD Media Award,^[7] and the script's writers, Ken Levine & David Isaacs, were nominated for an Emmy Award for their writing. The Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation ( GLAAD) is a Non-profit organization of LGBT Activism that is "dedicated to promoting and The GLAAD Media Awards were created in 1990 by the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation to recognize and honor the mainstream media for their fair accurate and Ken Levine (born February 14, 1950) is a writer director and producer in the television and film industry ^[4] Harvey Fierstein would later appear in the 1990s as "Mark Newberger", Rebecca's old high school sweetheart who is gay. Harvey Forbes Fierstein (born June 6 1952) is a Tony Award winning American Actor, Playwright, and Screenwriter. Finally, the final episode included a gay man who gets into trouble with his boyfriend (played by Anthony Heald) after agreeing to pose as Diane's husband. Anthony Heald (born August 25, 1944) is an American Actor known for portraying Hannibal Lecter 's smarmy jail nemesis Dr

Addiction also plays a role in Cheers, almost exclusively through Sam, although some critics believed the issue was never really developed. The term " addiction " is used in many contexts to describe an obsession compulsion or excessive Physical dependence or psychological dependence such as ^[16] Sam was a recovering alcoholic who ended up buying a bar after his baseball career was ruined by his drinking. Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions ^[17] Frasier also has a notable bout of drinking in the fourth season episode "The Triangle. " Some critics believe Sam was a generally addictive personality who had largely conquered his alcoholism but was still a sexual addict, shown through his womanizing. The term " addiction " is used in many contexts to describe an obsession compulsion or excessive Physical dependence or psychological dependence such as Sexual addiction is a controversial term to describe sexual behaviour that is characterized at least by two key features recurrent failure to control the behavior and continuation of the ^[18]

Cheers owners

The Cheers sign in 2005.

Cheers obviously had several owners before Sam, as the bar was opened in 1889 (The "Est. 1895" on the bar's sign is a made-up date chosen by Carla for numerological purposes as revealed in the 8th season episode "The Stork Brings a Crane"). Numerology is any of many Systems Traditions or Beliefs in a mystical or Esoteric relationship between Numbers and physical In the second episode, "Sam's Women", Norm tells a customer looking for the owner of Cheers that the man he thought was the owner has been replaced, and his replacement was replaced by Sam.

The biggest storyline surrounding the ownership of Cheers begins in the fifth season finale, "I Do, Adieu", when Sam and Diane part ways, Shelley Long leaves the regular cast, and Sam leaves to attempt circumnavigating the Earth. Before he leaves, Sam sells Cheers to the Lillian Corporation. Sam returns in the sixth season premiere, "Home is the Sailor", having sunk his boat, to find the bar under the new management of Rebecca Howe. He begs for his job back and is hired by Rebecca as a bartender. Throughout the sixth season, Sam tries a variety of schemes to buy back Cheers. This plot largely comes to an end in the seventh season premiere, "How to Recede in Business", when Rebecca is fired and Sam is promoted to manager. Rebecca is allowed to keep a job at Lillian vaguely similar to what she had before, but only after Sam had Rebecca "agree" (in absentia) to a long list of demands that the corporation had for her. In absentia is Latin for "in the absence" In legal use it usually pertains to a defendant's right to be present in court proceedings

From there Sam would occasionally attempt to buy the bar back with schemes that usually involved wealthy executive Robin Colcord. Robin Colcord, was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Roger Rees. Cheers did eventually end up back in Sam's hands in the eighth season finale, when it was sold back to him for eighty-five cents by the Lillian Corporation after he alerted the company of Colcord's insider trading. The United States one-cent coin is a unit of Currency equaling one one-hundredth of a United States dollar. Insider trading is the trading of a Corporation 's Stock or other securities (e Rebecca earns back a waitress/hostess job from Sam.

Other recurring themes

Aside from the storylines that spanned across the series, Cheers had several themes that followed no storylines but that recurred throughout the series. There was a heated rivalry between Cheers and the rival bar, Gary's Olde Towne Tavern. One episode of every season depicted some wager between Sam and Gary, which resulted in either a sports competition or a battle of wits that devolved into complex practical jokes. Aside from the very first and very last "Bar Wars" episodes, the Cheers gang almost always lost to Gary's superior ingenuity, though they managed to trick him into missing the annual Bloody Mary contest in one episode. Another episode had Sam collaborating with Gary's to get revenge on his co-workers on a prior practical joke. Sam also had a long-running feud with the management of the upscale restaurant situated directly above the bar, Melville's. The restaurant's management found the bar's clientele decidedly uncouth, while Sam regarded the restaurant as snobbish (despite the fact that customers often drifted between the two businesses via a prominent staircase). This conflict escalated in later seasons, when Melville's came under the ownership of John Allen Hill (Keene Curtis), and it emerged that Sam did not technically own the bar's poolroom and bathrooms. Keene Curtis ( February 15, 1923 – October 13, 2002) was an American Character actor. Sam subsequently was forced to pay rent for them and often found himself at the mercy of Hill's tyranny.

Norm Peterson continually searched for gainful employment as an accountant but spent most of the series unemployed, thereby explaining his constant presence in Cheers at the same stool. The face of his wife, Vera, was never fully seen onscreen, despite a few fleeting appearances and a couple of vocal cameos. Unseen characters are never directly observed by the audience but are only described by other characters Cliff Clavin seemed unable to shake the constant presence of his mother, Esther Clavin (Frances Sternhagen). Frances Hussey Sternhagen (born January 13 1930) is an American actress. Though she did not appear in every episode, he would refer to her quite often, mostly as both an emotional burden and a smothering parent. Carla Tortelli carried a reputation of being both highly fertile and matrimonially inept. The last husband she had on the show, Eddie LeBec, was a washed-up ice hockey goaltender who ended up dying in an ice show accident. Guy Édouard Raymond "Eddie" LeBec was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Jay Thomas. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. This article is about the goaltender in Ice hockey. For the similar position in other sports see Goalkeeper. Carla later discovered that Eddie had cheated on her, marrying another woman after impregnating her. Carla's sleazy first husband, Nick Tortelli, also made frequent appearances, mostly to torment Carla with a new custody battle or legal scam that grew out of their divorce. Nick Tortelli, was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Dan Hedaya. Carla's eight children (four of whom were "born" during the show's run) were also notoriously ill-behaved.

Critical reactions

Cheers was critically acclaimed in its first season, though it landed a disappointing 74th in the ratings that year out of only 74 shows. ^[19] This critical support, coupled with early success at the Emmys and the support of the president of NBC's entertainment division Brandon Tartikoff, is thought to be the main reason for the show's survival and eventual success. Brandon Tartikoff ( January 13, 1949 &mdash August 27, 1997) was a television executive who was credited with turning around NBC's low ^[20][21] The cast themselves went across the country on various talk shows to try to further promote the series after its first season. A talk show ( American) or chat show ( Global) is a Television or Radio program where one person or group of people come together to With the growing popularity of Family Ties which ran in the slot ahead of Cheers from both shows' inceptions until the end of the former was moved to Sundays in 1987 and the placement of The Cosby Show in front of both at the start of their third season (1984), the line-up became a runaway ratings success that NBC eventually dubbed "Must See Thursday". Family Ties is a Television Sitcom that aired on NBC for seven seasons from 1982 to 1989 The year 1987 in television involved some significant eventsBelow is a list of Television -related events in 1987. The Cosby Show is an American television Situation comedy starring Bill Cosby, first airing on September 20, 1984 "Must See TV" is an advertising Slogan used by the NBC Television network to brand its Prime time blocks of sitcoms during The next season, Cheers ratings increased dramatically after Woody Boyd became a regular character as well. By its final season Cheers had a run of eight consecutive seasons in the Top Ten of the Nielsen ratings. Nielsen Ratings are audience measurement systems developed by Nielsen Media Research to determine the Audience size and composition of television ^[3] Some critics now use Frasier and Cheers as a model of a successful spin-off for a character from an already successful series to compare to modern spin-offs. Frasier is an American sitcom, a Spin-off of Cheers starring Kelsey Grammer as

NBC dedicated a whole night to the final episode of Cheers. The show began with a "pregame" show hosted by Bob Costas, followed by the final 98-minute episode itself. Robert Quinlan "Bob" Costas (born March 22, 1952) is a Sportscaster, on the air for the NBC network since the early 1980s NBC affiliates then aired tributes to Cheers during their local newscasts, and the night concluded with a special Tonight Show broadcast live from the Bull & Finch Pub. The Tonight Show with Jay Leno is an Emmy Award -winning American late-night Talk show currently hosted by Jay Leno, on Although the episode fell short of its hyped ratings predictions to become the most-watched television episode, it was the most watched show that year, bringing in 80. The following is a list of most-watched television broadcasts, organized by country and based on various criteria 4 million viewers (64 percent of all viewers that night), and ranked 11th all time in entertainment programming. The episode originally aired in the usual Cheers spot of Thursday night and was then rebroadcast on Sunday. Some estimate that while the original broadcast did not outperform the M*A*S*H finale, the combined non-repeating audiences for the Thursday and Sunday showings did. " Goodbye Farewell and Amen " is a Television movie that served as the 251st and final episode of the ''M*A*S*H'' television series. Toasting Cheers also notes that television had greatly changed between the M*A*S*H and Cheers finales, leaving Cheers with a broader array of competition for ratings. M*A*S*H was a Medical drama / Black comedy produced by 20th Television Fox for CBS. ^[3]

Ratings

• 1984-1985:#13 [1], Thursdays 9:00-9:30
• 1985-1986:#5 [2]
• 1986-1987:#3 [3]
• 1987-1988:#3 [4]
• 1988-1989:#4 [5]
• 1989-1990:#3 [6]
• 1990-1991:#1 [7]
• 1991-1992:#4[8]
• 1992-1993:#9 [9]

Spin-offs, crossovers and cultural references

Woody, Cliff and Norm on The Simpsons

Some of the actors and actresses from Cheers brought their characters into other television shows, either in a guest appearance or in a new spin-off. The most successful Cheers spin-off was the show Frasier which directly followed Frasier Crane after he moved back to Seattle, Washington (on the other end of Interstate 90) to live with his recently-disabled father and to host a call-in radio show. Frasier is an American sitcom, a Spin-off of Cheers starring Kelsey Grammer as Interstate 90 (I-90 is the longest interstate highway in the United States at nearly 3100 miles (5000 kilometers Frasier was originally supposed to be a small disliked character who only existed to further Diane and Sam's relationship, but Kelsey Grammer's acting turned what were supposed to be unfunny lines into comedy the audience enjoyed. ^[22] Sam, Diane and Woody all had individual crossover appearances on Frasier where they came to visit Frasier, and his ex-wife Lilith was a constant supporting character throughout Frasier. Lilith Sternin was a supporting character played by Bebe Neuwirth on the American Sitcom Cheers and its spinoff series Frasier Cliff, Norm, Carla, (Rebecca Howe is the only "Cheers" regular aside from Coach—for obvious reasons—to not appear on "Frasier") and two of Cheers' regular background barflies Paul and Phil had a crossover together in the Frasier episode "Cheerful Goodbyes". The following is an episode list for the NBC Sitcom Frasier. The series was broadcast on NBC for eleven seasons from 16 September " Cheerful Goodbyes " is the twenty-first episode in season 9 of American sitcom Frasier. In the episode Frasier, on a trip to Boston, meets the Cheers gang (not at Cheers itself however) and Cliff thinks Frasier has flown out specifically for his (Cliff's) retirement party, which Frasier ends up attending. Frasier was on the air for as many seasons as Cheers, going off the air in 2004 after an eleven-season run. Although Frasier was the most successful spin-off, The Tortellis was the first series to spin-off from Cheers, premiering in 1987. The Tortellis was a Cheers spin-off that aired for four months in 1987. The show featured Carla's husband Nick Tortelli and his wife Loretta, but was cancelled after 13 episodes and drew protests for its stereotypical depictions of Italian Americans. Nick Tortelli, was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Dan Hedaya. Loretta Tortelli was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by Jean Kasem.

In addition to direct spin-offs, several Cheers characters had guest appearance crossovers with other shows. In The Simpsons episode "Fear of Flying", Homer stumbles into a Cheers-like bar after being kicked out of Moe's. " Fear of Flying " is the eleventh episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season. Homer Jay Simpson is a main fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons and father of the eponymous family. Moe Szyslak (ˈsɪzlæk is a fictional character in the American animated sitcom The Simpsons. Most of the central cast appears in the episode, including Frasier (though ironically Frasier does not speak, as Grammer already had a recurring role on The Simpsons as Sideshow Bob). Robert Underdunk Terwilliger, better known by his stage name Sideshow Bob, is a recurring character in the animated television series The Simpsons The tagline for Moe's Tavern "Where nobody knows your name" is also a reference to Cheers. Characters also had crossovers with Wings—which was created by Cheers producers/writers—and St. Elsewhere in a somewhat rare comedy-drama crossover. Wings is an American Sitcom that ran on NBC from April 19, 1990 to May 14, 1997. St Elsewhere is a US Drama series that originally ran on NBC from October 26, 1982 to May 25, 1988. ^[23] The Star Trek: Deep Space Nine character Morn, who remained mostly at Quark's Bar, is named (as an anagram) for Norm Peterson. This is a list of minor characters from the Science fiction television series Star Trek Deep Space Nine. Quark, son of Keldar and Ishka, is a Fictional character in the television series Star Trek Deep Space Nine, played by Armin Shimerman An anagram ( Greek anagramma 'letters written anew' passive participle of ana- 'again' + gramma 'letter' is a type of Word play ^[24] The bar and its patrons were also featured in a scene in The Wonderful World of Disney TV special Mickey's 60th Birthday. The first incarnation of the Walt Disney anthology television series, commonly called The Wonderful World of Disney, premiered on ABC on October 27 Mickey's 60th Birthday was a Television special broadcast on The Magical World of Disney on November 13, 1988 on NBC The opening sequence and theme song has become iconic of the series, leading to parody such as on The Simpsons' episode "Flaming Moe's". Title sequence generally refers to the method by which cinematic films or television shows present their title key cast and/or production members utilizing conceptual visuals A parody (ˈpɛɹədiː US, [ˈpaɹədiː] UK) in contemporary usage is a work created to mock comment on or poke fun at an original work its subject " Flaming Moe's " is the 10th episode of the The Simpsons ' third season.

The Scrubs episode "My Life in Four Cameras" makes numerous jokes about Cheers and multicamera setup laugh track sitcoms. Scrubs is an Emmy and Peabody Award -winning American Comedy-drama that premiered on October 2 2001 on NBC. The following is a complete episode list for the television show Scrubs, which began being broadcast on October 2 2001 " My Life in Four Cameras " is the 85th episode of the American Sitcom Scrubs. The multiple-camera setup (aka multiple-camera mode of production is a method of shooting films and television programs Scrubs is notable for using a single camera setup, no laugh track, and not being filmed before a live audience. The single-camera setup (aka single-camera mode of production is a method of shooting films and television programs Cheers had all four cameras, a laugh track and was filmed before a live studio audience, and a dream sequence in "My Life in Four Cameras" was shot with three cameras. In addition, the main patient treated was fictional Cheers writer "Charles James," a mixture of Cheers three creators James Burrows, Glen Charles, and Les Charles. The episode makes repeated comments about these "traditional" sitcoms and ends with the opening notes of the Cheers theme playing while J.D. says "Unfortunately, around here things don't always end as neat and tidy as they do in sitcoms. Jonathan Michael " John " Dorian MD, better known as J "^[25][26][27]

Licensing

Cheers was perhaps the first major non-science fiction TV series to have an important licensing campaign since I Love Lucy. I Love Lucy is an American Situation comedy, starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance and William Frawley The show lent itself naturally to the development of "Cheers" bar-related merchandise, culminating in the development of a chain of "Cheers" themed pubs. Paramount's licensing group, led by Tom McGrath, developed the "Cheers" pub concept initially in partnership with Host Marriott which placed "Cheers" themed pubs in 24+ airports around the world. Thomas B McGrath (born 1956 though little known outside Hollywood, has been a leading behind-the-scenes player in reshaping modern media throughout his entertainment A full-scale Cheers reproduction was built in Piccadilly Circus in London and Boston boasts of the original Cheers bar (historically known to generations of Boston insiders as the Bull and Finch) as well as a Cheers restaurant in the Faneuil Hall marketplace and Sam's Place, a spin-off sports bar concept also located at Faneuil Hall. Piccadilly Circus is a famous road junction and public space of London 's West End in the City of Westminster,built in 1819 to connect Regent The theme song to the show was licensed to a Canadian restaurant, Kelsey's^[28]

Syndication and home video

Cheers grew in popularity as it aired on American television and entered into syndication. Kelsey's Neighbourhood Bar & Grill is a Canadian bar and grill Restaurant chain Headquartered in Mississauga Ontario owned by Cara Operations When the show went off the air in 1993, Cheers was syndicated in 38 countries with 179 American television markets and 83 million viewers. ^[3] Then, after going off the air,^[29] Cheers entered a long, successful, and continuing syndication run^[11] on Nick at Nite. Nick at Nite is the evening programming block broadcast over Nickelodeon Sunday &ndash Thursdays from 900 p While the quality of some earlier footage of Cheers had begun to degrade, it underwent a careful restoration in 2001 due to its continued success. ^[30] Notably, a Cheers rerun replaced Australia's Naughtiest Home Videos on Australia's Nine Network. Australia's Naughtiest Home Videos was an Australian Television Comedy program which gained notoriety when it was canceled during its The Nine Network, or Channel Nine, is an Australian television network based in Willoughby, a suburb on the North Shore of Sydney The latter was cancelled mid-episode on its only broadcast by Kerry Packer, who pulled the plug after a phone call. Kerry Francis Bullmore Packer, AC (17 December 1937 &ndash 26 December 2005 son of Sir Frank Packer, was an Australian publishing media and gaming tycoon Cheers was aired by NCRV in the Netherlands. NCRV (Nederlandse Christelijke Radio Vereniging (English Dutch Christian Radio Association is a public radio and television broadcaster in the Netherlands, mostly The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands After the last episode, NCRV simply began re-airing the series, and then again, thus airing the show three times in a row, showing an episode nightly. The series now airs weekday mornings on TV Land and will premiere on Hallmark Channel in fall 2008. TV Land (originally Nick at Nite's TV Land) is an American Cable television network launched April 29, 1996. The Hallmark Channel is a Cable television network that broadcasts in over 100 countries

DVD releases

CBS Home Entertainment has released the first nine seasons of Cheers on DVD for Region 1. CBS Home Entertainment is the new Home video entertainment arm of CBS Corporation. DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is DVD video discs may be encoded with a region code restricting the area of the world in which they can be played

Cheers season 1-6 have been released on DVD for Region 2. DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is DVD video discs may be encoded with a region code restricting the area of the world in which they can be played

Post-Cheers

Kelsey Grammer was arguably the most successful with his spin-off Frasier, which lasted for the same eleven-season run Cheers had and a recurring guest role on The Simpsons as Sideshow Bob. DVD video discs may be encoded with a region code restricting the area of the world in which they can be played DVD video discs may be encoded with a region code restricting the area of the world in which they can be played Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 44 BC - Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Frasier is an American sitcom, a Spin-off of Cheers starring Kelsey Grammer as Robert Underdunk Terwilliger, better known by his stage name Sideshow Bob, is a recurring character in the animated television series The Simpsons By the final season of Frasier, Grammer had become the highest paid actor on television,^[32] earning about $1. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 6 million an episode.

Woody Harrelson has also had a successful career following Cheers, including appearances in a number of notable films that have established him as a box-office draw. He also earned an Academy Award nomination in 1997 for The People vs. Larry Flynt. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. The People vs Larry Flynt is a 1996 film directed by Miloš Forman about the rise of Pornographic magazine publisher and editor Larry Flynt

Ted Danson, who had been the highest paid Cheers cast member earning $450,000 an episode in the final season,^[33] has starred in the successful sitcom Becker as well as the unsuccessful sitcoms Ink and Help Me Help You. Becker is an American Television sitcom that ran from 1998 to 2004 on CBS. Ink is a television Sitcom which aired on CBS from 1996-1997 that starred real-life husband and wife Ted Danson and Mary Steenburgen Help Me Help You is a short-lived American television sitcom that aired from September 26, 2006 to December 12 2006. He has starred in a number of movies, including Three Men and a Baby and Made in America. Three Men and a Baby is a 1987 Comedy film starring Tom Selleck, Steve Guttenberg, and Ted Danson. Made in America is successful 1993 film released on May 28, 1993 by Warner Bros Ted and his wife regularly play themselves on Curb Your Enthusiasm as Larry David's friends. Curb Your Enthusiasm is an American Sitcom starring Seinfeld writer co-creator and executive producer Larry David as himself and

John Ratzenberger has voice acted in all of Pixar's computer-animated feature films and currently hosts the Travel Channel show Made in America. Pixar Animation Studios is a CGI animation production company based in Emeryville California. Computer-generated imagery Computer animation is the art of creating moving images with the use of Computers It is a subfield of Computer graphics The Travel Channel is a Cable television network that features John Ratzenberger's Made in America is a thirty minute American Television series hosted by John Ratzenberger which currently airs on The ^[34] On Made in America he travels around the U. S. showing the stories of small towns and the goods they produce. Coincidentally, Ted Danson starred in a film also called Made in America. Made in America is successful 1993 film released on May 28, 1993 by Warner Bros He is heavily involved in a charity known as the Nuts, Bolts and Thingamajigs Foundation,^[35] which encourages children to get involved with tinkering and mechanical work, as well as to encourage schools to resurrect Industrial Arts programs. He also was on Dancing with the Stars.

Bebe Neuwirth has gone on to star in numerous Broadway musicals, earning two Tony Awards for her work, and co-star in numerous successful films. Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American Theatre and are presented She also did voice work for All Dogs Go To Heaven 2 and All Dogs Go To Heaven the TV series.

Kirstie Alley starred in the TV series Veronica's Closet as well as numerous miniseries and film roles. Veronica's Closet is a Sitcom which aired on NBC from September 25 1997 to June 27 2000. A miniseries (also mini-series) in a serial Storytelling medium is a production which tells a story in a pre-planned limited number of episodes

Although some believe Shelley Long leaving the show was a bad career move,^[36] she has gone on to star in several television and film roles, notably The Brady Bunch Movie and its sequel. The Brady Bunch Movie is a 1995 comedy Film adaptation of the 1969 - 1974 television series The Brady Bunch

In addition to continuing careers after Cheers, some of the cast members have had personal problems. In 2004, Shelley Long grew depressed after divorcing her husband of 23 years and appears to have attempted suicide by overdosing on drugs. Major depressive disorder, also known as major depression, unipolar depression, unipolar disorder, clinical depression, or simply depression ^[37][38] Kirstie Alley gained a significant amount of weight after Cheers, which somewhat affected her career. She went on to write and star in a sitcom partly based on her life and weight gain, Fat Actress. Fat Actress is an American Sitcom Television series starring Kirstie Alley. She formerly was a spokeswoman for Jenny Craig. Jenny Craig (born Genevieve Guidroz in 1932 in Berwick Louisiana) is an American Weight loss guru and founder of Jenny Craig Inc

The Host Marriott Corporation installed 46 bars modeled after Cheers in their hotel and airport lounges. Host Hotels & Resorts ( is a Real estate investment trust and the owner of lodging real estate based in Bethesda, Maryland. ^[3] Paramount Pictures licensed the characters and details of the show, allowing the bars to have fake memorabilia such as Sam Malone's supposed jersey while playing for the Red Sox. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. Among the details Marriott included were two robots, "Bob" and "Hank", one of which was heavy (resembling Norm Peterson), with the other wearing a postal uniform (Cliff Clavin). Hillary Norman "Norm" Peterson was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by George Wendt. Clifford C Clavin Jr was a character on the American Television show Cheers, portrayed by John Ratzenberger. ^[39]

Ratzenberger and Wendt filed a groundbreaking lawsuit against Paramount in 1993 (around the time that Viacom purchased Paramount), claiming that the company was illegally licensing and earning off their images without their permission. In law a lawsuit is a civil action brought before a Court in which the party commencing the action the Plaintiff, seeks a legal or equitable remedy Viacom ( ( short for " Vi deo & A udio Com munications" is an American Media conglomerate with various worldwide interests ^[40] Ratzenberger and Wendt claimed that Paramount could not earn off their images simply because the robots are dressed like the characters over which Paramount still holds rights. The case was dismissed by a Los Angeles Superior Court judge in 1996,^[3] though a federal judge reinstated the case in the Los Angeles court. In Common law systems a superior court is a Court of general Competence which typically has unlimited Jurisdiction with regard to civil and In the United States the title of federal judge usually refers to a Judge appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the United States Paramount tried to bring the case before the Supreme Court of the United States but the court refused to hear the case, instead merely reaffirming the ruling to reinstate the case in the Superior Court. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. ^[39] Some believe the case could have had significant implications in Hollywood, as its outcome would have determined whether rights over a character imply rights to reproduce the actor's image with or without his or her permission, so long as the image is of the actor as the character. Rather, Paramount settled with the two before a ruling in the suit was delivered. ^[41]

Outside the bar

The bar set

The first year of the show took place entirely within the confines of the bar. (The first location outside the bar ever seen was Diane's apartment. ) When the series became a hit, the characters started venturing further afield, first to other sets and eventually to an occasional exterior location. The exterior location shots of the bar were actually of the Bull & Finch Pub, located directly north of the Boston Public Garden, which has become a tourist attraction because of its association with the series and draws in nearly a million visitors annually. The Bull & Finch Pub is a bar / restaurant located on Beacon Street in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston Massachusetts, across from the Boston Public Garden The Public Garden, also known as Boston Public Garden, is a large park located in the heart of Boston, Massachusetts, adjacent to the Boston Common A tourist attraction is a place of interest where Tourists visit typically for its inherent or exhibited cultural value historical significance natural or built beauty or ^[29][3] It has since been renamed Cheers Beacon Hill,^[42] though its interior is different from the TV bar. To further capitalize on the show's popularity, another bar, Cheers Faneuil Hall,^[43] was built to be a replica of the show's set to provide tourists with a bar whose interior was closer to the one they saw on TV. It is near Faneuil Hall, about a mile from the Bull & Finch Pub. Faneuil Hall (ˈfænl̩ previously /ˈfʌnl̩/ located near the waterfront and today's Government Center, in Boston, Massachusetts, has been a marketplace The official Cheers site is www.cheersboston.com. In 1997 Europe's first officially licensed Cheers bar opened in London's Regent's Street W1. ^[44] Like Cheers Faneuil Hall, Cheers London is an exact replica of the set. The gala opening was attended by James Burrows and cast members George Wendt and John Ratzenberger. George Robert Wendt (born October 17, 1948) is an American Actor, best known for the role of Norm Peterson on the classic Television John Deszo Ratzenberger (born April 6 1947) is an American Actor. ^[45] The actual bar set was on display at the Hollywood Entertainment Museum until the museum’s closing in early 2006. ^[46]

References

(published date if available) (retrieval date)

Cheers. Created by James Burrows, Glen Charles and Les Charles. James Edward Burrows (born December 30 1940) is an American Television director who has been working in television since the 1970s Glen Charles was born in Henderson Nevada. He attended the University of Redlands, California and earned a B Les Charles was born in Henderson Nevada. He attended the University of Redlands, California and earned a B 1982–1993. Broadcast and DVD.

External links

• Cheers at the Internet Movie Database