| Charles Montagu | |
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| In office 1714 – 1715 |
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| Monarch | George I of Great Britain |
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| Preceded by | Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury (last Lord High Treasurer) |
| Succeeded by | Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Carlisle |
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First Lord of the Treasury
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| In office 1697 – 1699 |
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| Monarch | William and Mary |
| Preceded by | Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin |
| Succeeded by | Ford Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville |
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| In office May 3, 1694 – November 15, 1699 |
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| Monarch | William and Mary |
| Preceded by | Richard Hampden |
| Succeeded by | John Smith |
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| In office March 21, 1692 – May 3, 1694 |
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| Monarch | William and Mary |
| Preceded by | Thomas Pelham |
| Succeeded by | John Smith, William Trumbull |
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| In office 1691 – 1694? |
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| Monarch | William and Mary |
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| In office 1694 – 1702 |
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| Monarch | William and Mary |
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| Born | 16 April 1661 Horton |
| Died | 19 May 1715 |
| Spouse | Countess Dowager of Manchester |
| Relations | fifth son of the 1st Earl of Manchester |
| Profession | poet |
Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax, KG, PC, FRS (16 April 1661 – 19 May 1715) was an English poet and statesman. The First Lord of the Treasury is the head of the commission exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom, usually but not George I (George Louis German Georg Ludwig; 28 May 1660 &ndash 11 June 1727 For the first year of his life George was the only heir to his father's and three childless Charles Talbot 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, KG, PC ( 24 July 1660 &ndash 1 February 1718) was the only son of the 11th Charles Howard 3rd Earl of Carlisle, PC (c1669 – 1 May 1738) was a British Statesman who was made a Privy Counsellor See also William III of England, Mary II of England The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the joint sovereignty over the Kingdom of England Sidney Godolphin first Earl of Godolphin (c 1645 &ndash September 15, 1712) was a leading British politician of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth Ford Grey 1st Earl of Tankerville ( July 20, 1655 - June 24, 1701) 1st Viscount Glendale and 3rd Baron Grey of Warke, was a British The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all Economic and Financial See also William III of England, Mary II of England The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the joint sovereignty over the Kingdom of England Richard Hampden (baptized October 13, 1631 – December 15, 1695) was an English Whig politician and son of John Hampden John Smith (1655/6 &ndash 1723 was an English politician twice serving as Chancellor of the Exchequer. HM Treasury, in full Her Majesty's Treasury, informally The Treasury, is the United Kingdom government department responsible for developing and executing See also William III of England, Mary II of England The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the joint sovereignty over the Kingdom of England Thomas Pelham may refer to Thomas Pelham 1st Baron Pelham (1653-1712 Thomas Pelham-Holles 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1693-1768 John Smith was a Lord of the Treasury from 1694 to 1695. Sir William Trumbull ( 8 September, 1639 - 14 December, 1716) was an English statesman who held high office as a member of the First Whig Junto A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. See also William III of England, Mary II of England The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the joint sovereignty over the Kingdom of England Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. See also William III of England, Mary II of England The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the joint sovereignty over the Kingdom of England Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Horton (from the Old English meaning "muddy farmstead" in the English county of Northamptonshire was originally an estate village serving the now Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Year 1715 ( MDCCXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Sir Henry Montagu 1st Earl of Manchester (c 1563 – 7 November 1642) was the grandson of Sir Edward Montagu, Lord Chief Justice of the A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an Order of chivalry, or Knighthood, originating in Medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Year 1715 ( MDCCXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" A statesman or stateswoman or statesperson is usually a Politician or other notable figure of State who has had a long and respected career in
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Early life
He was born at Horton, in Northamptonshire, the son of George Montagu, fifth son of the 1st Earl of Manchester. Horton (from the Old English meaning "muddy farmstead" in the English county of Northamptonshire was originally an estate village serving the now Northamptonshire (or archaically the County of Northampton; abbreviated Northants Sir Henry Montagu 1st Earl of Manchester (c 1563 – 7 November 1642) was the grandson of Sir Edward Montagu, Lord Chief Justice of the He was educated first in the country, and then removed to Westminster, where, in 1677, he was chosen as a King's Scholar. The Royal College of St Peter in Westminster, almost always known as Westminster School, is one of Britain 's leading boys' Independent schools with
It was at this time he contracted a very intimate friendship with George Stepney. George Stepney (1663&ndash September 15, 1707) was an English Poet and Diplomat. In 1682, when Stepney was elected at Cambridge, Montagu asked to be moved to Cambridge in order to join his friend, without waiting for the advantages of another year. The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the His relation, Dr. John Montagu, was then Master of Trinity College, and took him under his wing. John Montagu ( circa 1655&ndash1728 was a son of the famous admiral Edward Montagu 1st Earl of Sandwich, killed at the Battle of Solebay. Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. At Cambridge he began a lasting association with Isaac Newton. Sir Isaac Newton, FRS (ˈnjuːtən 4 January 1643 31 March 1727) Biography Early years See also Isaac Newton's early life and achievements
In 1685, Montagu's verses on the death of King Charles II made such an impression on the Earl of Dorset that he was invited to town and introduced to other entertainments. Charles II (Charles Stuart 29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685 was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Charles Sackville 6th Earl of Dorset and 1st Earl of Middlesex ( 24 January 1638 &ndash 29 January 1706) was an English poet and courtier son In 1687, Montagu joined with Matthew Prior in "The City Mouse and the Country Mouse," a burlesque of John Dryden's The Hind and the Panther. For the Sussex and England Cricketer see Matthew Prior (cricketer. Burlesque is theatrical entertainment of broad and parodic humor which usually consists of comic skits (and sometimes a strip tease) John Dryden (– was an influential English poet Literary critic, Translator and playwright who dominated the literary life of Restoration England He sat in the Convention Parliament of 1689. The term Convention Parliament has been applied to three different English Parliaments of 1399 1660 and 1689 At about the same time he married the Countess Dowager of Manchester, and intended taking Holy Orders, but changed his mind and purchased for £1,500 a position as Clerk of the Council. In a general sense the term Holy Orders refers to those in the Christian religion who have been ordained in Apostolic Succession.
Political Office
In 1691, having become a member of the House of Commons, he argued in favour of a law to grant the assistance of counsel in trials for high treason. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. The Parliament of England was the Legislature of the Kingdom of England. See also Treason, High treason in the United Kingdom High treason is criminal disloyalty to one's country He became flustered in the middle of his speech, and upon recovering himself, observed "how reasonable it was to allow counsel to men called as criminals before a court of justice, when it appeared how much the presence of that assembly could disconcert one of their own body. "
After the House of Commons he rose quickly, becoming one of the Commissioners of the Treasury and a member of the Privy Council. HM Treasury, in full Her Majesty's Treasury, informally The Treasury, is the United Kingdom government department responsible for developing and executing Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. In 1694 he became Chancellor of the Exchequer and in 1695 was involved in the successful recoinage project. The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all Economic and Financial The standard circulating coinage of the United Kingdom is denominated in pounds sterling ( symbol "£") and since the introduction of the two pound In 1698, having been appointed to the first Commission of the Treasury, he was also one of the regency in the King's absence. A regent, from the Latin regens "who reigns" is a person selected to act as Head of state (ruling or not because the ruler is a minor The next year he was made Auditor of the Exchequer, and the year after created Baron Halifax, of Halifax in the County of Yorkshire, with remainder to his nephew George Montagu. His impeachment by the Commons failed, when the Articles were dismissed by the House of Lords. The House of Lords is the second house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as "the Lords"
On the accession of Queen Anne, Montagu was dismissed from the Council, and in the first Parliament of her reign was again attacked by the Commons, and again escaped by the protection of the Lords. Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714 became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702 succeeding William III of England and II of The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories In 1704 he wrote an answer to Bromley's speech against occasional conformity. William Bromley ( 1663 - 13 February 1732) was an English Tory politician He headed the inquiry into the danger of the Church. In 1706 he proposed and negotiated the Union with Scotland and when the Elector of Hanover received the Garter, after the Act had passed for securing the Protestant Succession, he was appointed to carry the ensigns of the Order to the Electoral Court. The Acts of Union were a pair of Parliamentary Acts passed during 1706 and 1707 by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland to put into The Electorate of Hanover (or more formally the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg; Kurfürstentum Hannover Kurfürstentum Braunschweig-Lüneburg became the ninth Electorate The Act of Settlement is an act of the Parliament of England, originally filed in 1700 and passed in 1701 to settle the succession to the English throne He sat as one of the judges of Henry Sacheverell, but voted for a mild sentence. Henry Sacheverell (1674 &ndash 15 June 1724) was an English churchman and politician Being now no longer in favour, he obtained a writ for summoning the Electoral Prince to Parliament as Duke of Cambridge. Duke of Cambridge is a title (named after the city of Cambridge, England occasionally conferred upon junior members of the British royal family
Earl of Halifax
At the Queen's death Montagu was again appointed one of the regents. At the accession of George I, he was made Viscount Sunbury and Earl of Halifax, with remainder to heirs male, a Knight of the Garter, and First Lord of the Treasury, with a grant to his nephew of the reversion of the Auditorship of the Exchequer. George I (George Louis German Georg Ludwig; 28 May 1660 &ndash 11 June 1727 For the first year of his life George was the only heir to his father's and three childless The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an Order of chivalry, or Knighthood, originating in Medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients The First Lord of the Treasury is the head of the commission exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom, usually but not The Auditor of the Receipt of the Exchequer was an office in the English Exchequer. Shortly afterwards he died of an inflammation of his lungs. The viscountcy and earldom became extinct on his death as he had no sons while he was succeeded in the barony according to the special remainder by his nephew George Montagu. George Montagu 1st Earl of Halifax PC (c1684 – 9 May 1739) was a British politician
Bibliography
- Cooper, C. H. (1861). Charles Henry Cooper ( 20 March[[ 808]] &ndash 21 March 1866) was an English Antiquarian. Memoirs of Cambridge. London: Macmillan.
- Johnson, Samuel (2006). Samuel Johnson (often referred to as Dr Johnson) (18 September The Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets. Roger Lonsdale, editor. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Thompson, A. T. (1871). The Wits and Beaux of Society. London: Routledge.
- Handley, Stuart (2004). "Charles Montagu, Earl of Halifax. " Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. The Dictionary of National Biography ( DNB) is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history published from 1885 Oxford: Oxford University Press.
See also
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Richard Hampden |
Chancellor of the Exchequer 1694–1699 |
Succeeded by John Smith |
| Preceded by The Lord Godolphin |
First Lord of the Treasury 1697–1699 |
Succeeded by The Earl of Tankerville |
| Preceded by Christopher Montagu |
Auditor of the Exchequer 1699–1714 |
Succeeded by George Montagu |
| Preceded by The Duke of Shrewsbury (Lord High Treasurer) |
First Lord of the Treasury 1714–1715 |
Succeeded by The Earl of Carlisle |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by The Duke of Northumberland |
Lord Lieutenant of Surrey 1714–1715 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Argyll |
| Peerage of Great Britain | ||
| New creation | Earl of Halifax 1714–1715 |
Extinct |
| Peerage of England | ||
| New creation | Baron Halifax 1700–1715 |
Succeeded by George Montagu |