Charles IV of Spain
King of Spain
Reign	December 14, 1788–March 19, 1808
Born	November 11, 1748
Birthplace	Portici, Italy
Died	January 20, 1819 (aged 70)
Place of death	Rome, Italy
Predecessor	Charles III of Spain
Successor	Joseph Bonaparte
Consort	Maria Luisa of Parma
Issue	Infanta Carlota Joaquina Infanta Maria Amalia Infanta Maria Luisa Ferdinand VII Infante Carlos Infanta Maria Isabel Infante Francisco de Paula
Royal House	House of Bourbon
Father	Charles III of Spain
Mother	Maria Amalia of Saxony

Charles IV (November 11, 1748 - January 20, 1819) was King of Spain from December 14, 1788 until his abdication on March 19, 1808. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1748 ( MDCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Portici is a Town and Comune of the Province of Naples in the Campania region of southern Italy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1819 ( MDCCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar in the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Charles III ( January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1700–88 (as Carlos III King of Naples and Joseph-Napoléon Bonaparte King of Naples and Sicily, King of Spain (during a time) and the Indies (never de facto and never de iure Maria Luisa of Parma ( December 9 1751, Parma, Italy - January 2 1819, Barberini Palace, Rome Brazilian films and TV shows about her life Carlota Joaquina - Princesa do Brazil (1994 - Directed by Carla Camurati Early life In his youth he occupied the painful position of an heir apparent who was jealously excluded from all share in government by his parents and the royal favorite Not to be confused with Charles V Holy Roman Emperor, who is sometimes erroneously called Charles V of Spain The Infante Carlos of Spain Maria Isabella of Spain (Maria Isabel de Borbón y Borbón-Parma ( 6 July, 1789, Madrid - 13 September, 1848, Portici) Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain ( Francisco de Paula de Borbón) was born on 10 March 1794 in Aranjuez, Spain. The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Charles III ( January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1700–88 (as Carlos III King of Naples and Maria Amalia Christina ( November 24, 1724 &ndash September 27 1760) was a Princess of Saxony and as wife of Charles Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1748 ( MDCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1819 ( MDCCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar in the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year This is a list of Spanish Monarchs &mdashthat is rulers of the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year

Early life

Charles, Prince of Asturias.

Charles was the second son of Charles III and his wife Maria Amalia of Saxony. Charles III ( January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1700–88 (as Carlos III King of Naples and Maria Amalia Christina ( November 24, 1724 &ndash September 27 1760) was a Princess of Saxony and as wife of Charles He was born at Portici, while his father was king of the Two Sicilies. Portici is a Town and Comune of the Province of Naples in the Campania region of southern Italy. The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( Regno delle Due Sicilie) commonly known as just the Two Sicilies, was the name of a Kingdom in Europe. His elder brother don Felipe was passed over for the two thrones as mentally retarded and epileptic. Mental retardation is a generalized triarchic disorder characterized by subaverage cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors with onset before the age Epilepsy is a common chronic Neurological disorder that is characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures.
Charles had inherited a great frame and immense physical strength from the Saxon line of his mother, granddaughter of August II of Poland. The Saxons or Saxon people were a Confederation of Old Germanic tribes. Royal titles In Latin: Augustus Secundus Dei Gratia rex Poloniae magnus dux Lithuaniae Russie Prussiae Masoviae Samogitiae Livoniae Kijoviae Volhyniae When young he was fond of wrestling with the strongest countrymen he could find. He was considered by many to be intellectually sluggish and quite credulous.
His wife Maria Luisa of Parma, on the other hand, was seen by many (including by the painter Francisco Goya) as a vicious and coarse woman who thoroughly dominated the king. Maria Luisa of Parma ( December 9 1751, Parma, Italy - January 2 1819, Barberini Palace, Rome During his father's lifetime he was led by her into court intrigues which aimed at driving the king's favourite minister, Count of Floridablanca, from office, and replacing him by Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, Count of Aranda, the chief of the "Aragonese" party. In historical writings when used in reference to a person favourite ( British English and the English of Commonwealth Countries or favorite ( American Don José Moñino y Redondo Count of Floridablanca ( es: José Moñino y Redondo conde de Floridablanca) ( October 21, 1728 - This person should not be confused with Pedro de Aranda, bishop of Calahorra during the late fifteenth century

Children

Charles IV of Spain and His Family, by Goya. Charles IV of Spain and His Family is an oil on canvas painting by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya, completed between 1800-1801

Charles IV married his first cousin Maria Luisa of Parma (daughter of Philip, Duke of Parma) in 1765. Maria Luisa of Parma ( December 9 1751, Parma, Italy - January 2 1819, Barberini Palace, Rome They had 14 children:

Children

Reign

Spanish House of Bourbon 1700-1833

Philip V Children    Louis I    Ferdinand VI    Charles III    Mariana Victoria, Queen of Portugal    Philip, Duke of Parma    Teresa, Dauphine of France    Infante Louis    Antonia, Queen of Sardinia Louis I Ferdinand VI Charles III Children    Infanta Maria Josepha    Maria Luisa, Holy Roman Empress    Felipe, Duke of Calabria    Charles IV    Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies    Infante Gabriel    Infante Antonio Grandchild of cadet line    Infante Pedro Carlos Charles IV Children    Charlotte, Queen of Portugal    Infanta Maria Amelia    Maria Luisa, Queen of Etruria, Duchess of Parma    Ferdinand VII    Carlos, Count of Molina    Maria Isabella, Queen of the Two Sicilies    Infante Francisco de Paula Grandchildren of cadet lines    Carlos, Count of Montemolin    Juan, Count of Montizón    Infante Fernando    Francis, Duke of Cadiz, King Consort of Spain    Henry, Duke of Sevilla    Infanta Maria Cristina    Amelia, Princess of Bavaria Ferdinand VII Children    Isabella II    Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier Edit

El Caballito de Tolsá in Mexico City, a statue of Charles IV. Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain ( Francisco de Paula de Borbón) was born on 10 March 1794 in Aranjuez, Spain. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation the start of the Maya calendar. Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Philip V of Spain ( December 19, 1683 - July 9, 1746) born Philippe de France, Fils de France and duc d'Anjou King Louis I of Spain ( Spanish: Luis, August 25, 1707 &ndash August 31, 1724) born Luis Felipe of Spain Ferdinand VI, ( September 23, 1713 &ndash August 10, 1759) King of Spain from 1746 until his death second son of Philip Charles III ( January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1700–88 (as Carlos III King of Naples and Mariana Victoria of Bourbon (Mariana Vitória ( March 31, 1718 &ndash January 15, 1781) was Queen consort of Portugal Ancestors Duke of Parma Infanta Maria Antonietta Ferdinanda of Spain ( November 17, 1729 - September 19, 1785) was Queen of Sardinia as the wife of King King Louis I of Spain ( Spanish: Luis, August 25, 1707 &ndash August 31, 1724) born Luis Felipe of Spain Ferdinand VI, ( September 23, 1713 &ndash August 10, 1759) King of Spain from 1746 until his death second son of Philip Charles III ( January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1700–88 (as Carlos III King of Naples and The Infante Don Philip of Sicily ( 13 June 1747 - 19 September 1777) Ferdinand I ( Ferdinando Antonio Pasquale Giovanni Nepomuceno Serafino Gennaro Benedetto, January 12, 1751 &ndash January 4, 1825) Infanta Maria Teresa of Portugal (or of Braganza pron mɐ'ɾiɐ tɨ'ɾezɐ or; English: Mary Theresa; full name Brazilian films and TV shows about her life Carlota Joaquina - Princesa do Brazil (1994 - Directed by Carla Camurati Early life In his youth he occupied the painful position of an heir apparent who was jealously excluded from all share in government by his parents and the royal favorite Not to be confused with Charles V Holy Roman Emperor, who is sometimes erroneously called Charles V of Spain The Infante Carlos of Spain Maria Isabella of Spain (Maria Isabel de Borbón y Borbón-Parma ( 6 July, 1789, Madrid - 13 September, 1848, Portici) Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain ( Francisco de Paula de Borbón) was born on 10 March 1794 in Aranjuez, Spain. Infante Carlos Conde de Montemolín ( 31 January 1818 - 13 January 1861) was the Carlist claimant to the Throne Youth and marriage Juan was born at the Palacio Real de Aranjuez, the younger son of the Infante Carlos of Spain, brother of King Ferdinand VII The Infanta Doña Maria Cristina of Spain ( Doña María Cristina Teresa Alejandra María de Guadalupe María de la Concepción Ildefonsa Victoria Eugenia de Borbón y Battenberg Early life In his youth he occupied the painful position of an heir apparent who was jealously excluded from all share in government by his parents and the royal favorite "Isabella II" redirects here For the Queen of Jerusalem also known as Isabella II see Yolande of Jerusalem. Infanta Doña María Luísa Fernanda of Spain (30 January 1832 - 2 February 1897 was Infanta of Spain and Duchess of Montpensier The equestrian statue of Charles IV, is a Bronze Sculpture cast by Manuel Tolsá in August 4, 1802 in Mexico City Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico

Silver 8 real coin of Charles IV, struck 1806
Obverse: (Latin) CAROLUS IIII DEI GRATIA, 1806, or in English, "Charles IV, By the Grace of God, 1806	Reverse: (Latin) HISPAN[IARUM] ET IND[IARUM] REX M[EXICANUS] 8 R[EALES] T H. , or in English, "King of the Spains and of the Indies, Mexico City Mint, 8 Reales. " The reverse depicts the arms of Castile and León, between the Pillars of Hercules. Castile and León (Castilla y León known formally as the Community of Castile and León is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain. The Pillars of Hercules was the phrase that was applied in Antiquity to the promontories that flank the entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar.

After he succeeded to the throne in 1788 his one serious occupation was hunting. Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Hunting is the practice of pursuing Animals for Food, Recreation, or Trade. Affairs were left to be directed by his wife and her alleged lover Manuel de Godoy. Don Manuel Francisco Domingo de Godoy (di Bassano y Alvarez de Faria de los Ríos y Sánchez-Zarzosa, also Manuel de Godoy y Alvarez de Faria de los Ríos Sánchez Zarzosa Although Godoy essentially took over his wife and his office, the king was favourable towards him for all his life. When terrified by the French Revolution he turned to the Inquisition to help him against the party which would have carried the reforming policy of Charles III much further. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an The term Inquisition can refer to any one of several institutions charged with trying and convicting heretics within the Roman Catholic Church and But he never took more than a passive part in the direction of his own government. He simply obeyed the impulse given him by the queen and Godoy. In 1803, after smallpox had affected his daughter María Luísa, the king commissioned his doctor Francisco Javier de Balmis to bring the vaccine to the Spanish colonies on state expenses. Louis Duke of Parma ( 5 July 1773 &ndash 27 May 1803) was the first of only two Kings of Etruria. Francisco Javier de Balmis ( December 2, 1753, Alicante, &ndash 1819 Madrid) was a Spanish physician who headed an 1804 expedition Balmis Expedition was a three year mission to the Americas led by Dr Francisco Javier de Balmis with the aim of giving thousands the Smallpox vaccine.

He had a profound belief in his divine right and the sanctity of his person. He thought it very important to seem a very powerful monarch, although his kingdom was treated as a mere dependency by France and his throne was dominated by the queen and her lover. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Spain allied with France and supported the Continental Blockade, but withdrew after the Battle of Trafalgar. The Continental System was the Foreign policy of Napoleon I of France in his struggle against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland during the The Battle of Trafalgar ( 21 October 1805) was a historic sea battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the When Napoleon won from Prussia in 1807, Godoy returned to the French side, but France no longer considered Spain a worthy ally. Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state Year 1807 ( MDCCCVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common But even the alliance with France, as it was, made Godoy's rule unpopular and fueled the partido fernandista, the supporters of Ferdinand, who favored a close relationship with Great Britain. See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands

Abdication

When he was told that his son Ferdinand was appealing to the emperor Napoleon against Godoy, he took the side of the favourite. Early life In his youth he occupied the painful position of an heir apparent who was jealously excluded from all share in government by his parents and the royal favorite Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. When the populace rose at Aranjuez in 1808 he abdicated on March 19, in favour of his son, to save the minister who had been taken prisoner. The Mutiny of Aranjuez, or Motín de Aranjuez as it is known in Spain, was an early Nineteenth century popular uprising against King Charles IV Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. Ferdinand took the throne as Ferdinand VII, but was distrusted by Napoleon who had 100,000 soldiers in Spain by that time.

Charles IV found refuge in France, and became prisoner of Napoleon: the latter, posing as arbiter, summoned both Charles IV and his son to Bayonne in April and coaxed Charles (who found a difficult time restraining himself from assaulting his son) to retract his earlier abdication and abdicate, on May 5, 1808, in favour of Napoleon's brother Joseph^[1][2][3]. Bayonne ( French: Bayonne bajɔn Gascon Occitan and Basque: Baiona) is a city and commune of southwest Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Joseph-Napoléon Bonaparte King of Naples and Sicily, King of Spain (during a time) and the Indies (never de facto and never de iure

Charles was then interned in Talleyrand's castle in Valençay^[2][4]. Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord 1st Sovereign Prince of Beneventum (2 February 1754 17 May 1838 the Prince of Diplomats, was a French Château de Valençay is a residence of the d'Estampes and Talleyrand-Périgord families in the commune of Valençay, the Indre département Valençay is a commune in the Indre department in central France. He accepted a pension from the French emperor and spent the rest of his life between his wife and Godoy, staying briefly in Compiègne and more durably in Marseille, to finally settle in 1812 in Rome in the Palazzo Barberini (under the protection of pope Pius VII)^[1][5][6][7]. Compiègne is a commune in the Oise département of France, of which it is a Sous-préfecture. Marseille, ( English alt Marseilles mɑrˈseɪ — French: maʁsɛj locally — Provençal Occitan: Marselha maʀˈsijɔ Year 1812 ( MDCCCXII) a leap year started on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Palazzo Barberini is a palace in Rome, on the piazza of the same name in Rione Trevi. Pope Pius VII, OSB (August 14 1740&mdashAugust 20 1823 born Count Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti, was Pope from March 14 1800 to August He died in Rome on January 20, 1819. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1819 ( MDCCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar in the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year

Ancestors

References

1. ^ ^{a b} http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_d%27Espagne
2. ^ ^{a b} Napoleon I :: Blockade and the peninsular campaign - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
3. ^ Articles: Period of Imperial Crisis (revised) - Historical Text Archive
4. ^ http://pcombal.club.fr/bioanglaise.html — “The Spanish affair&rqduo;
5. ^ Manuel de Godoy#Exile
6. ^ Worldroots.com
7. ^ The Royal Favorite: Manuel Francisco Domingo de Godoy, Prince of the Peace

• Historia del Reinado de Carlos IV, by General Gomez de Arteche (5 vols. Don Manuel Francisco Domingo de Godoy (di Bassano y Alvarez de Faria de los Ríos y Sánchez-Zarzosa, also Manuel de Godoy y Alvarez de Faria de los Ríos Sánchez Zarzosa ), in the Historia General de España de la Real Academia de la Historia (Madrid, 1892, etc. ).

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. For the Direct Capetians, who ruled France 987&ndash1328 see the House of Capet. Charles III ( January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1700–88 (as Carlos III King of Naples and This is a list of Spanish Monarchs &mdashthat is rulers of the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Joseph-Napoléon Bonaparte King of Naples and Sicily, King of Spain (during a time) and the Indies (never de facto and never de iure Ferdinand VI, ( September 23, 1713 &ndash August 10, 1759) King of Spain from 1746 until his death second son of Philip Year 1759 ( MDCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Early life In his youth he occupied the painful position of an heir apparent who was jealously excluded from all share in government by his parents and the royal favorite The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone