In the study of historical linguistics and phonetic change, a chain shift is a type of sound shift in which a group of sounds all change at about the same time, with some sounds taking the place of others. Historical linguistics (also called diachronic linguistics) is the study of language change Phonetics (from the Greek φωνή ( phonê) "sound" or "voice" is the study of the physical sounds of human speech Chain shifts may be confined to certain isoglosses; they may also spread over the years. An isogloss is the geographical boundary or delineation of a certain linguistic feature e
While a chain shift usually occurs as a set of vowel shifts, chain shifts can also occur in consonants. A vowel shift is a systematic Sound change in the Pronunciation of the Vowel sounds of a Language. For example, a set of plosives that have a voiced/voiceless distinction may shift to have an aspirated/unaspirated distinction. A stop, plosive, or occlusive is a Consonant sound produced by stopping the airflow in the Vocal tract. Voice or voicing is a term used in Phonetics and Phonology to characterize speech sounds, with sounds described as either voiceless Voice or voicing is a term used in Phonetics and Phonology to characterize speech sounds, with sounds described as either voiceless Description Voiceless consonants are produced with the Vocal cords open and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed Description Voiceless consonants are produced with the Vocal cords open and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed In this case, the voiceless consonants become aspirated, and the voiced consonants become voiceless.
A famous example of such a shift is the well-known First Germanic Sound Shift or Grimm's Law, which turned the Proto-Indo-European voiceless/voiced/breathy-voiced distinction into a fricative/voiceless/voiced distinction in Germanic. Grimm's law (also known as the First Germanic Sound Shift or the Rask's-Grimm's rule) named for Jacob Grimm, is a set of statements describing Another is the High German consonant shift which separated Old High German from other West Germanic dialects such as Old English, Old Frisian, and Old Saxon. In Historical linguistics, the High German consonant shift or second Germanic consonant shift was a phonological development ( Sound change) which took place The West Germanic languages constitute the largest of the three traditional branches of the Germanic family of Languages and include languages such as English Old Frisian was the West Germanic language spoken between the 8th and 16th centuries by the people who had settled in the area between the Rhine Old Saxon, also known as Old Low German ( ISO 639 -3 code osx) is the earliest recorded form of Low German, documented from the 9th century Other examples of historical chain shifts in English are the Great Vowel Shift of the 15th century, and the ongoing Northern cities vowel shift. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The Great Vowel Shift was a major change in the Pronunciation of the English language that took place in the south of England between 1200 and The Northern cities vowel shift is a Chain shift in the sounds of some Vowels in the Dialect region of American English known as the
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