Chain drive is a way of transmitting mechanical power from one place to another. Roller chain or bush roller chain is the type of chain most commonly used for transmission of mechanical power on Bicycles Motorcycles A sprocket is a profiled Wheel with teeth that meshes with a chain, track or other perforated or indented material Mack Trucks is one of the world's leading Truck - Manufacturing companies. The Petersen Automotive Museum is located on Wilshire Boulevard along Museum Row in the Miracle Mile neighborhood of Los Angeles. It is often used to convey power to the wheels of a vehicle, particularly bicycles and motorcycles. The bicycle, cycle, or bike is a pedal-driven, human-powered vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind MotorCycle is the title of a 1993 album by Rock band Daniel Amos, released on BAI Records. It is also used in a wide variety of machines besides vehicles.
Most often, the power is conveyed by a roller chain, known as the drive chain, passing over a sprocket gear, with the teeth of the gear meshing with the holes in the links of the chain. Roller chain or bush roller chain is the type of chain most commonly used for transmission of mechanical power on Bicycles Motorcycles A sprocket is a profiled Wheel with teeth that meshes with a chain, track or other perforated or indented material The gear is turned, and this pulls the chain putting mechanical force into the system. Another type of drive chain is the Morse chain, invented by the Morse Chain Company of Pennsylvania, USA. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern The United States of America —commonly referred to as the This has inverted teeth. [1]
Sometimes the power is output by simply rotating the chain, which can be used to lift or drag objects. In other situations, a second gear is placed and the power is recovered by attaching shafts or hubs to this gear. Though drive chains are often simple oval loops, they can also go around corners by placing more than two gears along the chain; gears that do not put power into the system or transmit it out are generally known as idler-wheels. An idler-wheel drive is a system used to transmit the rotation of the main shaft of a motor to another rotating device By varying the diameter of the input and output gears with respect to each other, the gear ratio can be altered, so that, for example, the pedals of a bicycle can spin all the way around more than once for every rotation of the gear that drives the wheels. The gear ratio is the relationship between the number of teeth on two Gears that are meshed or two Sprockets connected with a common Roller chain, or the
The oldest known application and illustrated depiction of a chain drive date to the written horological treatise of the Song Dynasty Chinese engineer Su Song (1020-1101 AD), who used it to operate the armillary sphere of his astronomical clock tower. Horology (from Greek ώρα, "hour time" and λόγος Logos, "study speech" lit The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Chinese civilization originated in various city-states along the Yellow River ( valley in the Neolithic era Su Song ( style name: Zirong 子容 (1020&ndash1101 AD was a renowned Chinese statesman, astronomer, cartographer, Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study A clock tower is a Tower built with one or more (often four Clock faces. An earlier endless drive may have been invented much earlier by the Greek Philon of Byzantium (3rd century BC) in a magazine arcuballista, but it did not transmit power continuously. The History of Greece traditionally encompasses the study of the Greek people, the areas they ruled historically and the territory now composing the modern state of Philo of Byzantium ( Greek: Φίλων ο Βυζάντιος ca The ballista ( Latin, from Greek βαλλίστρα - ballistra, from - βάλλω ballō, "to throw" plural ballistae [2]
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Chains versus belts
Drive chains are similar to drive belts in many ways, and which device is used is subject to several design tradeoffs. A Belt is a looped strip of flexible material used to mechanically link two or more rotating shafts Drive chains are most often made of metal, while belts are often rubber, plastic, or other substances. This makes drive chains heavier, so more of the work put into the system goes into moving a chain versus moving a belt. On the other hand, well-made chains are often stronger than belts. Also, drive belts can often slip (unless they have teeth) which means that the output side may not rotate at a precise speed, and some work gets lost to the friction of the belt against its rollers. A timing belt, timing chain or cam belt is a part of an Internal combustion engine that controls the timing of the engine's valves. Friction is the Force resisting the relative motion of two Surfaces in contact or a surface in contact with a fluid (e
Teeth on toothed drive belts generally wear faster than links on chains, but wear on rubber or plastic belts and their teeth is often easier to observe; you can often tell a belt is wearing out and about to break more easily than a chain. Chains often last longer.
Chains are often narrower than belts, and this can make it easier to shift them to larger or smaller gears in order to vary the gear ratio. Multi-speed bicycles with derailleurs make use of this. Derailleur gears are a variable-ratio transmission system commonly used on Bicycles consisting of a chain, multiple Sprockets and a Also, the more positive meshing of a chain can make it easier to build gears that can increase or shrink in diameter, again altering the gear ratio.
Both can be used to move objects by attaching pockets, buckets, or frames to them; chains are often used to move things vertically by holding them in frames, as in industrial toasters, while belts are good at moving things horizontally in the form of conveyor belts. A belt conveyor consists of two or more Pulleys with a continuous loop of material - the conveyor belt - that rotates about them It is not unusual for the systems to be used in combination; for example the rollers that drive conveyor belts are themselves often driven by drive chains.
Drive shafts are another common method used to move mechanical power around that is sometimes evaluated in comparison to chain drive; in particular shaft drive versus chain drive is a key design decision for most motorcycles. Drive shafts tend to be even tougher and more reliable than chain drive, but weigh even more (robbing more power), and impart rotational torque. A torque (τ in Physics, also called a moment (of force is a pseudo- vector that measures the tendency of a force to rotate an object about
Vehicle uses for chains
Chain drive for bicycles
Chain drive was the main feature which differentiated the safety bicycle introduced in 1885, with its two equal-sized wheels, from the direct-drive penny-farthing or "high wheeler" type of bicycle. The safety bicycle or low safety is a type of Bicycle that became very popular beginning in the late 1880s Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A Direct drive mechanism is one that takes the power coming from a Motor without any reductions (such as a Gearbox) The ordinary, high wheel or penny-farthing was the first true Bicycle with which actual speed and distance could be achieved in a practical manner The popularity of the chain-driven safety bicycle brought about the demise of the penny-farthing, and is still a basic feature of bicycle design today.
Chain drive in automobiles
Chain drive for transmitting power to the wheels
Chain drive was a popular power transmission system from the earliest days of the automobile. It gained prominence as an alternative to the Système Panhard with its rigid Hotchkiss driveshaft and universal joints. The Hotchkiss drive is a system of Power transmission. It was the dominant form of power transmission for front-engine rear-drive cars in the 20th century A universal joint, U joint, Cardan joint, Hardy- Spicer joint, or Hooke's joint is a
A chain drive system uses one or more roller chain to transmit power from a differential to the rear axle. Roller chain or bush roller chain is the type of chain most commonly used for transmission of mechanical power on Bicycles Motorcycles This article deals with the concept of a differential in mechanical engineering. An axle is a central shaft for a rotating Wheel or Gear. In some cases the axle may be fixed in position with a bearing or Bushing This system allowed for a great deal of vertical axle movement (for example, over bumps), and was simpler to design and build than a rigid driveshaft in a workable suspension. Also, it had less unsprung weight at the rear wheels than the Hotchkiss drive, which would have had the weight of the driveshaft to carry as well, which in turn meant that the tires would last longer.
Frazer Nash were strong proponents of this system using one chain per gear selected by dog clutches. Frazer Nash was a British Automobile manufacturer and engineering company founded by Archibald Frazer-Nash in 1922 The chain Frazer Nash chain drive system, (designed for the GN Cyclecar Company by Archibald Frazer-Nash and Henry Ronald Godfrey) was very effective, allowing extremely fast gear selections. The GN was a British Cyclecar made in Hendon, North London between 1910 and 1920 then moving to Wandsworth, London The Frazer Nash (or GN) transmission system provided the basis for many "special" racing cars of the 1920s and 1930s, the most famous being Basil Davenport's Spider which held the outright record at the Shelsley Walsh Speed Hill Climb in the 1920s. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The Shelsley Walsh Speed Hill Climb is a Hillclimb in Worcestershire, England, organised by the Midland Automobile Club (MAC Frazer Nash cars are still raced in the UK.
Parry-Thomas was killed during a land speed record attempt in his car 'Babs' when the chain final-drive broke, decapitating him. John Godfrey Parry-Thomas ( April 6 1884 &ndash March 3 1927) was a Welsh engineer and Motor-racing driver The land speed record is the fastest speed achieved by any wheeled vehicle on land as opposed to one on water or in the air or on rails. Babs was the Land speed record car built and driven by John Parry-Thomas.
The last popular chain drive automobile was the Honda S800 of the 1960s. The S800 was a Sports car from Honda. Introduced at the 1965 Tokyo Motor Show, the S800 would replace the successful Honda S600 as the company's The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969
Chain drive inside automobile motors
Internal combustion engines often use chain drive to power the timing chain used to drive overhead camshaft valvetrains. The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the Combustion of Fuel and an Oxidizer (typically air occurs in a confined space called a A timing belt, timing chain or cam belt is a part of an Internal combustion engine that controls the timing of the engine's valves. Overhead camshaft, commonly abbreviated to OHC, Valvetrain configurations place the engine Camshaft within the Cylinder heads above the A traditional reciprocating Internal combustion engine uses valves to control air and fuel flow into and out of the cylinders facilitating combustion This is an area in which chain drives frequently compete directly with belt drive systems, and an excellent example of some of the differences and similarities between the two approaches. For this application, chains last longer, but are often harder to replace. Being heavier, the chain robs more power, but is also less likely to fail. There are also other approaches to valve trains, notably pushrod systems. An overhead valve (OHV engine, also called pushrod engine or I-head engine is a type of Piston engine that places the Camshaft
Motorcycles
Chain drive versus belt drive or use of a driveshaft is a fundamental design decision in motorcycle design; nearly all motorcycles use one of these three designs. See Motorcycle construction for more details. Motorcycle construction is the engineering manufacturing and assembly of components and systems for a Motorcycle which results in the desired performance cost and aesthetics
See also
References
- ^ Cross & Morse in Birmingham, http://www.crossmorse.com
- ^ Needham, Joseph [1971] (1986). A bicycle chain is a Roller chain that transfers power from the pedals to the drive- wheel of a Bicycle thus propelling it The chain pump is a type of water Pump where an endless chain has positioned on it a series of circular discs Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 4, Physics and Physical Technology, Part 3, Civil Engineering and Nautics, Lu Gwei-Djen, Ling Wang (in English), Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd. , 457. ISBN 9780521070607.
External links
Dictionary
chain drive
-noun
- A transmission system in which power is transferred to the wheels by means of a chain
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