Chávez Ravine is the current site of Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, California. Dodger Stadium is a large outdoor ballpark in Los Angeles California at Chávez Ravine. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. ^[1]

It was named after Julian Chavez, a Los Angeles Councilman in the 1800s.

Contents 1 History 1.1 1940s 1.2 1950s 1.3 1960s 2 References in the arts 3 References 4 External links

History

Before being cleared for public housing, Chavez Ravine was made up of the three mostly Latino communities of La Loma, Palo Verde, and Bishop.

1940s

In the 1940s, Chavez Ravine was a poor, though cohesive, Mexican-American community. See also History of Mexican-Americans Mexican Americans are Americans of Mexican ancestry Many families lived there because of housing discrimination in other parts of Los Angeles. Redlining is the practice of denying or increasing the cost of services such as Banking, Insurance, access to jobs access to health care or even Supermarkets With the population of Los Angeles expanding, Chavez Ravine was viewed as a prime, underutilized location. The city began to label the area as "blighted" and thus ripe for redevelopment. Urban decay is a process by which a City, or a part of a city falls into a state of disrepair Urban Renewal (similar to Urban Regeneration in British English) is a controversial U Through a vote, the Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles, with the assistance of federal funds from the Housing Act of 1949, was designated the task to construct public housing, in large part to address the severe post-World War II housing shortage. The Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles is the Public housing agency for Los Angeles California. The American Housing Act of 1949 was a landmark sweeping expansion of the federal role in mortgage insurance and issuance and the construction of public housing World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Prominent architects Richard Neutra and Robert Alexander developed a plan for "Elysian Park Heights. Richard Joseph Neutra ( April 8, 1892 &ndash April 16, 1970) is considered one of Modernism 's most important Architects Elysian Park is a Park and adjacent Neighborhood in the City of Los Angeles California. " The city had already relocated many of the residents of Chavez Ravine when the entire project came to a halt. Fear of communism was sweeping the United States and loud voices in Los Angeles cried that the housing project smacked of socialism. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution

1950s

The land for Dodger Stadium was purchased from local owners/inhabitants in the early 1950s by the City of Los Angeles using eminent domain with funds from the Federal Housing Act of 1949. The city had planned to develop the Elysian Park Heights public housing project which included two dozen 13-story buildings and more than 160 two-story townhouses, in addition to newly rebuilt playgrounds and schools.

Before construction could begin, the local political climate changed greatly when Norris Poulson was elected mayor of Los Angeles in 1953. Proposed public housing projects like Elysian Park Heights lost most of their support as they became associated with communist/socialist ideals. Following protracted negotiations, the City of Los Angeles was able to purchase the Chavez Ravine property back from the Federal Housing Authority at a drastically reduced price, with the stipulation that the land be used for a public purpose. It wasn't until the baseball referendum Taxpayers Committee for Yes on Baseball, which was approved by Los Angeles voters on June 3, 1958 that the Dodgers were able to acquire 352 acres (1. 42 km²) of Chavez Ravine from the City of Los Angeles.

Noted Los Angeles author Mike Davis, in his seminal work on the city, City of Quartz, describes the process of gradually convincing Chávez Ravine homeowners to sell. With nearly all of the original Spanish-speaking homeowners initially unwilling to sell, developers resorted to offering immediate cash payments, distributed through their Spanish-speaking agents. Once the first sales had been completed, remaining homeowners were offered increasingly lesser amounts of money, to create a community panic of not receiving fair compensation, or of being left as one of the few holdouts. Many residents continued to hold out despite the pressure being placed upon them by developers, resulting in the Battle of Chavez Ravine, an unsuccessful ten year struggle by residents of Chavez Ravine, to maintain control of their property.

In 1952 Frank Wilkinson of the Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles would end up being fired and blacklisted, and a few years later reported to the House Un-American Activities Committee. Frank Wilkinson ( August 16, 1914 – January 2, 2006) was a civil liberties activist Executive Director Emeritus of the National Committee The Housing Authority of the City of Los Angeles is the Public housing agency for Los Angeles California. The House Committee on Un-American Activities ( HUAC or HCUA 1938–1975 was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. He was jailed when the United States Supreme Court ruled 5-4 against Frank Wilkinson's attempt to use the First Amendment to refuse questions about possible involvement in the Communist Party. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is part of the United States Bill of Rights that expressly prohibits the United States Congress

In the end, the project died. Some years later, the city made the controversial decision to trade the land to the Brooklyn Dodgers and Walter O'Malley, in exchange for land around the minor league park Wrigley Field, in a move to provide incentives for a migration to Los Angeles. The Los Angeles Dodgers are a Major League Baseball team based in Los Angeles California, USA Walter Francis O'Malley (October 9 1903 &ndash August 9 1979 was an American ^[2]

Many cities had been subsidizing sports stadiums in an effort to bring prestige to their cities, and Los Angeles was no exception. With Chavez Ravine slated to become the site of the new Dodger Stadium, the remaining members of the Chavez Ravine community were physically forced to relocate. While some had initially left the neighborhood, voluntarily or involuntarily through either the use of eminent domain or condemnation, others stayed until the end. Eminent domain ( United States) compulsory purchase ( United Kingdom, New Zealand, Ireland) resumption/compulsory acquisition Eventually the sheriff's department went in with bulldozers and armed men. A few property holders in the area had actually managed to avoid eminent domain proceedings and they were finally bought out by O'Malley. The homes and streets were razed and the community was buried.

1960s

During the time when the Los Angeles Angels used it from 1962 through 1965, the stadium was called "Chávez Ravine". The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim are a professional baseball team based in Anaheim, California. The site was also the stage of a housing controversy, the "Battle of Chavez Ravine", about plans for redevelopment of that site. The Battle of Chavez Ravine refers to approximately ten years of violence (1951-1961 over the Mexican-American community of Los Angeles ' Chavez Ravine. Urban Renewal (similar to Urban Regeneration in British English) is a controversial U

References in the arts

Chavez Ravine was an album recorded by Ry Cooder in 2005, based on a series of photographs of the area by Don Normark. Ryland "Ry" Peter Cooder (born 15 March 1947, in Los Angeles, California) is an American Guitarist, Singer, and

A portion of the Great Wall of Los Angeles, a mural by Judith F. Baca in the Tujunga Wash Drainage Canal in San Fernando Valley, California, is titled "The Division of the Barrios and Chavez Ravine. The Great Wall of Los Angeles is a Mural designed by Judith Baca and executed by community youth and artists coordinated by the Social and Public Art Judith Francisca Baca (born September 25, American]] [[artist]] [[Activism|activist]] and [[University of California Los Angeles]] [[professor]] of [[fine art]]s Tujunga Wash is a Stream in Los Angeles County California. It is a tributary of the Los Angeles River, providing about a fifth of its flow and drains The San Fernando Valley or The Valley is an urbanized Valley located in the north-western section of the city of Los Angeles California, United States " It depicts familes separated by freeways and the Dodger Stadium in the air like a spaceship.

References

External links

• In 1957, a zoo was proposed for Chavez Ravine.

---

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic