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Ceylon Defence Force (CDF) was established in 1910 by reforming the Ceylon Volunteer Force (CVF) that existed that the time as the (military reserve) in the British crown colony of Ceylon. A military reserve force is a military organization The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories that are under the Sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but which do not form part of the United Kingdom Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island At the time of forming it was only a (reserve) force but soon developed into a regular force responsible for the defence of Ceylon. A military reserve force is a military organization The CDF was under the command of the British Army. The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces.

Contents

History

The origins of the CDF can be traced back to the formation of the Ceylon Volunteers (CV) in 1881, whereby the rifle section was designated the 1st battalion Ceylon Light Infantry (CLI). Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Sri Lanka Light Infantry (SLLI is the oldest regiment in the Sri Lanka Army and the oldest infantry regiment in the army The CV soon became the Ceylon Volunteer Force (CVF) and finally was renamed the Ceylon Defence Force in 1910. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Units of the Ceylon Volunteer Force in 1910.

In 1900 Ceylon Mounted Infantry saw action and in 1902 a contingent of Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps, took part in the Second Boer War in South Africa. The Sri Lanka Artillery (SLA a corps of the Sri Lanka Army. It is made up of 7 regular regiments and 2 volunteer ( reserve) regiments The Sri Lanka Light Infantry (SLLI is the oldest regiment in the Sri Lanka Army and the oldest infantry regiment in the army Ceylon Mounted Rifles was the only Cavalry regiment attached to the Ceylon Defence Force which was the predecessor to the Sri Lanka Army prior to 1949 Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps was a regiment attached to the Ceylon Defence Force which was the predecessor to the Sri Lanka Army prior to 1949 when the Ceylon The Sri Lanka Army Medical Corps (SLMC is a specialist Corps in the Sri Lanka Army which provides Medical services to all army personnel and their The Sri Lanka Engineers (SLE a combat support arms of the Sri Lanka Army which provides Combat engineering. The National Cadet Corps (Sri Lanka is the Sri Lankan military cadet corps and is a Ministry of Defence sponsored youth organisation in the Sri Lanka. Their services were recognized by presentation, in 1902, of a color to the CMI, and a presentation in 1904, of a Banner to the CPRC. Although there where Ceylonese officers much of the officer corps was made up of British officers and the other ranks where mostly Ceylonese with the exception of the Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps which was completely made up of Europeans. Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps was a regiment attached to the Ceylon Defence Force which was the predecessor to the Sri Lanka Army prior to 1949 when the Ceylon

World war 1

In 1914 with the out break of World War I the CDF was mobilized and expanded. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Many volunteers from the Defence Force traveled to England and joined the British Army, and many of them were killed in action. One of them mentioned by Arthur Conan Doyle was Private Jacotine of the CLI, who was the last man left alive in his unit at the Battle of Lys, and who continued to fight for 20 minutes before he was killed. The CPRC sent a force of 8 officers and 229 other ranks commanded by Major J. Hall Brown to the great war. The unit sailed for Egypt on October 1914, and was deployed in defence of the Suez Canal. This unit was officially attached to the Australia New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) and was in 1915 dispatched to Anzac Cove (‘Z’ Beach) on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Gallipoli peninsula (Gelibolu Yarımadası is located in Turkish Thrace, the European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles The CPRC performed operational duties as guards to ANZAC headquarter staff, including the General Officer Commanding ANZAC, Lieutenant General William Birdwood, who remarked, “I have an excellent guard of Ceylon Planters who are such a nice lot of fellows. Field Marshal William Riddell Birdwood 1st Baron Birdwood, GCB, GCSI, GCMG, GCVO, GBE, CIE, DSO ” According to its onetime Commanding Officer (CO), Colonel T. Y. Wright (1904-1912), the CPRC had sustained overall losses of 80 killed and 99 wounded in the Great War. Soon after the war the last regular military unit to be stationed in Ceylon on garrison duties 80th Carnatics left. This resulted in the CDF becoming a regular military unit with some units like Mobilized Detachment of Ceylon Light Infantry (Mob. Det. , CLI) having its volunteer troops mobilized on a fixed basis.

World war 2

In 1939 with the Second World War CDF was mobilized and expanded to fortify Ceylon to meet a possible threat posed by the Japanese. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including CDF came direct command of the South East Asia Command (SEAC) and formed part of the British 11th Army Group. South East Asia Command (SEAC was the body set up to be in overall charge of Allied operations in the South-East Asian Theatre during World War II. It was sometimes referred to as the British Army in Ceylon during this time. South East Asia Command under Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten had its headquarters located at Kandy, Ceylon

Troops from the CDF, mainly the Ceylon Light Infantry and the Ceylon Garrison Artillery were placed outside Ceylon undertaking garrison duties on the Seychelles and the Cocos Islands. South East Asia Command (SEAC was the body set up to be in overall charge of Allied operations in the South-East Asian Theatre during World War II. Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks of the highest Naval officers Admiral of the Fleet Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas Mountbatten 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCB, OM, GCSI, Kandy ( maha nuvara, mahaˈnuərə in Sinhala, கண்டி kaṇṭi, ˈkaɳɖi in Tamil) is the English name for the city of The Sri Lanka Light Infantry (SLLI is the oldest regiment in the Sri Lanka Army and the oldest infantry regiment in the army The Sri Lanka Artillery (SLA a corps of the Sri Lanka Army. It is made up of 7 regular regiments and 2 volunteer ( reserve) regiments Seychelles (seɪˈʃɛl or /seɪˈʃɛlz/ in English and seʃɛl in French) officially the Republic of Seychelles (République des Seychelles Creole In Cocos Islands Mutiny took place (encouraged by Trotskyist Lanka Sama Samaja Party) by a few members of the Ceylon Garrison Artillery but was immediately put down by the Ceylon Light Infantry. The Cocos Islands Mutiny was a failed Mutiny by Ceylonese (Sri Lankan soldiers against British officers on the Cocos (Keeling Islands Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. The Lanka Sama Samaja Party (literally Ceylon Equal Society Party in Sinhala: ලංකා සම සමාජ පක්ෂය in Tamil: லங்கா சமசமாஜக் CLI troops in 1941 escorted Italian POWs from the Middle East to Ceylon, and later in 1946 Japanese POWs from Ceylon to India. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country

In 1945 reached its wartime peak at 645 officers and 14,247 other ranks. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar At the center of the expansion was the CLI which grew by 1946 from one to five battalions.

Post war

In 1947 the CDF was again mobilised in its last major internal security operation to suppress a left wing Hartal, or mass stoppage of work. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The CDF was given additional support by an armed detachment of British Royal Marines from HMS Glasgow, who were utilized to deter strikers in Colombo. The Royal Marines ( RM) are the marine corps and amphibious Infantry of the United Kingdom and along with the Royal Navy Norwegian Campaign Captain F H Pegram was commanding officer of Glasgow from July 1939 to April 1940 Colombo ( Sinhala:, ˈkoləmbə Tamil: கொழும்பு is the largest city and commercial capital of Sri Lanka.

The CDF was officially disbanded on 11th April 1949 and reconstituted by Army Act No. 17 of 1949 as the Ceylon Volunteer Force (CVF), it self becoming the Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force (SLAVF) in 1972. The Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force (SLAVF is the principal and Volunteer Reserve force component of the Sri Lanka Army. The Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force (SLAVF is the principal and Volunteer Reserve force component of the Sri Lanka Army. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Soldiers who had experience in the CDF were actively recruited into the newly constructed regular, and reconstituted volunteer Ceylon Army. The Sri Lanka Army is the oldest and largest of the three armed services of Sri Lanka and is responsible for overseeing land-based military and In its first few years, and with few exceptions, the only new recruits enlisted were officer cadets and soldiers below the rank of Warrant Officer. Ex-CDF veterans featured prominently in the post-independence regular Ceylon Army until General D. S. Attygalle (1967-1977) finished his term as Commander. The Sri Lanka Army is the oldest and largest of the three armed services of Sri Lanka and is responsible for overseeing land-based military and General Deshamanya Don Sepala Attygalle, MVO, SLAC (1922&mdashJanuary 2001 was a former Commander of the Sri Lankan Army, permanent The last ex-CDF veteran to leave the Army was Brigadier T. This article refers to the military rank For the Doctor Who character known as the Brigadier see Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart. S. B. Sally of the SLAVF, who ended his service tenure in 1979.

Units of the Ceylon Defence Force

See also

References

  1. ^ Army, Sri Lanka (October 1999). The Sri Lanka Artillery (SLA a corps of the Sri Lanka Army. It is made up of 7 regular regiments and 2 volunteer ( reserve) regiments Ceylon Planters Rifle Corps was a regiment attached to the Ceylon Defence Force which was the predecessor to the Sri Lanka Army prior to 1949 when the Ceylon The National Cadet Corps (Sri Lanka is the Sri Lankan military cadet corps and is a Ministry of Defence sponsored youth organisation in the Sri Lanka. Ceylon Mounted Rifles was the only Cavalry regiment attached to the Ceylon Defence Force which was the predecessor to the Sri Lanka Army prior to 1949 The Sri Lanka Engineers (SLE a combat support arms of the Sri Lanka Army which provides Combat engineering. The Sri Lanka Army Medical Corps (SLMC is a specialist Corps in the Sri Lanka Army which provides Medical services to all army personnel and their Colombo Town Guard was regiment attached to the Ceylon Defence Force which was the predecessor to the Sri Lanka Army prior to 1949 when the Ceylon Army was formed The Sri Lanka Artillery (SLA a corps of the Sri Lanka Army. It is made up of 7 regular regiments and 2 volunteer ( reserve) regiments The Sri Lanka Signals Corps (SLS a combat support corps of the Sri Lanka Army, responsible for providing Military communications. The Auxiliary Territorial Service ( ATS; often pronounced as an Acronym) was the women's branch of the British Army during the Second World War The Royal Military Police ( RMP) is the branch of the British Army responsible for the policing of service personnel and providing a Military police The Sri Lanka Army is the oldest and largest of the three armed services of Sri Lanka and is responsible for overseeing land-based military and After the outbreak of the Second World War, in the British Crown Colony of Ceylon ( Sri Lanka) the government of Sir Baron Jayatilleke assured the British "Chapter 1", Sri Lanka Army, "50 YEARS ON" - 1949-1999, 1st Edition (in English), Colombo: Sri Lanka Army, 1-3. ISBN 995-8089-02-8.  

External links

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