| Cessnock New South Wales | |||||||
 Cessnock, New South Wales | |||||||
| Population: | 18,316 [1] | ||||||
| Postcode: | 2325 | ||||||
| Coordinates: | Coordinates: | ||||||
| Elevation: | 80 m (262 ft) | ||||||
| Time zone: • Summer (DST) | AEST (UTC+10) | ||||||
| Property Value: | AUD $206,500 | ||||||
| Location: | |||||||
| LGA: | Cessnock City Council | ||||||
| Region: | Hunter | ||||||
| County: | Northumberland | ||||||
| Parish: | Cessnock | ||||||
| State District: | |||||||
| Federal Division: | Hunter | ||||||
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Cessnock is a city in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, about 52 km (32 mi) by road west of Newcastle. Inches redirects here To see the Les Savy Fav album see Inches. The Hunter Region, more commonly known as the Hunter Valley, is a region of New South Wales, extending from approximately to north of Sydney, Australia For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States The Newcastle metropolitan area is the second most populated area in the state of New South Wales and includes most of the Newcastle and Lake Macquarie It is the administrative centre of the Cessnock City Council LGA and was named after an 1826 grant of land called Cessnock Estate, which was owned by John Campbell. Cessnock City Council is a Local Government Area (LGA in New South Wales, Australia in the Hunter Valley. Local Government Area (abbreviated LGA) is a term used in Australia (and especially by the Australian Bureau of Statistics) to refer to areas controlled [2][3] The local area once known as "The Coalfields" is now the gateway city and service centre to the vineyards of the Hunter Valley, which includes Pokolbin, Mount View, Broke, Rothbury, and Branxton. The Hunter Region, more commonly known as the Hunter Valley, is a region of New South Wales, extending from approximately to north of Sydney, Australia Pokolbin (pron Pu-KOL-Bn is the centre of the famous Lower Hunter Valley Wine region in New South Wales, Australia. Broke is a village of approximately 400 people in the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales, Australia in Singleton Shire. Rothbury is a small town located in the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales, Australia. Branxton is a town in the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales, Australia.
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Geography
The town is located in the rich alluvial and volcanic soils of the Hunter Valley. Rich coal seams underly much of the area. The Brokenback Range (part of the Great Dividing Range) rises to the west of the city. The Great Dividing Range, also known as the Eastern Highlands, is Australia 's most substantial Mountain range. The Hunter River flows down the Hunter Valley approximately 20 km (12 mi) to the north. The Hunter River is a major river in New South Wales, Australia.
History
The transition to wine service centre from a once prosperous mining town has been a long and at times difficult process.
Cessnock lies between Australia’s earliest European settlements - Sydney, the Hawkesbury River and Newcastle. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 The Hawkesbury River is one of the major rivers of the coastal region of New South Wales, Australia. Lying on the land route between these important settlements it provided early European contact with indigenous people who have inhabited the Cessnock area for more than 3,000 years. This is an article about a class of people as identified and defined within Australian law The Darkinjung people were the major inhabitants at the time of European contact, which subsequently proved to be disastrous for the Darkinjung tribe. Darkinjung is an Indigenous Australian nation located (-334, 151 Many were killed or died as a result of European diseases. Others were forced onto neighbouring tribal territory and killed. The city of Cessnock abounds in indigenous place names and names with indigenous association which is indicative of this settlement and include Congewai, Kurri Kurri, Laguna, Nulkaba and Wollombi. Kurri Kurri is a small town in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, in the Cessnock LGA.
Pastoralists commenced settling the land in the 1820s. Cessnock was named by Scottish settler John Campbell, after his grandfather's baronial Cessnock Castle in Ayrshire to reflect the aristocratic heritage and ambitions for this estate. Ayrshire (Siorrachd Inbhir Àir ʃir̴əxg̊ iɲiɾʲˈaːɾʲ is a Registration county, and former administrative county in south-west Scotland, [2][3] The township of Cessnock developed from 1850, as a service centre at the junction of the Great North Road from Sydney to the Hunter Valley, with branches to Maitland and Singleton. Maitland is a city in the Lower Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia and the seat of Maitland City Council, situated on the Hunter Singleton is a town on the banks of the Hunter River in New South Wales, Australia. During the 1860s, land settlement was extensive between Nulkaba and Pokolbin, with wheat, tobacco and grapes the principal crops.
The establishment of the South Maitland coalfields generated extensive land settlement between 1903 and 1923. The South Maitland coalfields was the most extensive coalfield in New South Wales until the great coal mining slump of the 1960s The current pattern of urban development, transport routes and industrial landscape was laid at this time. The surveying of the Greta coal seam by Professor Edgeworth David around 1888 became the impetus for considerable social and economic change in the area with the development of the coal mining industry. Sir Tannatt William Edgeworth David (commonly known as Edgeworth David KBE, FRS, ( 28 January 1858 – 28 August 1934)
Whilst mining was the principal industrial base and source of employment in the Cessnock area for the first half of this century, a slump which commenced about 1960 forced the closure of many mines. Subsequent changes to the mining industry, including automation and the introduction of sophisticated computerised equipment, led to the closure of the vast majority of the remaining mines in the area. This has resulted in a decline in population in many villages and townships over the last twenty years which has led to the closure of some schools, shops and community meeting places. Consequently, many areas have undergone a change in character, with rural residential housing developments becoming popular, as well as small cottages and farms used principally as weekend retreats.
Economy
The decline of mining and eventual closure of the South Maitland Railway has been paralleled by growth in the wine industry and better access to other employment centres.
The Hunter Valley wine-growing area near Cessnock is Australia's oldest wine region and one of the most famous, with around 1,800 hectares (4,448 acres) under vine. Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture, The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U The vineyards of Pokolbin, Mount View and Allandale, with their rich volcanic soils tended by entrepreneurial vignerons, are also the focus of a thriving and growing tourism industry. The extension and eventual completion of the F3 Freeway, created a property and tourism boom during the 1990s.
Cessnock has begun to develop other tourist ventures beyond the wine industry such as championship golf courses, hot air ballooning, sky-diving, and guest house accommodation.
The town has long suffered from a relatively poor reputation in New South Wales due to issues relating to crime and unemployment. The town is also rather unattractive - a legacy of its functionality rather than appearance as a mining centre. The city council has actively pursued a policy of urban renewal in the city centre since 2001. The local council was one of the first to introduce a recycling program for waste disposal in the state.
Most employment comes from the local port city of Newcastle, the nearby major centres of Maitland and Singleton and in service industries in the local council area, which comprises many small towns, such as Kurri Kurri, Weston, Neath, Abernethy, Kearsley and Pokolbin. Abernethy is a town in the state of New South Wales, Australia.
 Caledonia Hotel, Aberdare Road |  Cessnock Court House, Maitland Road (designed by George McRae, Government Architect) |  St John's Church, Dudley Street |  Weatherboard cottages, Dudley Street |
Education
High Schools in Cessnock:
- Cessnock High School
- Mount View High School
- St Phillips Christian College
Primary Schools in Cessnock:
- Cessnock Public School
- Nulkaba Public School
- Cessnock East Public School
- Cessnock West Public School
- Kearsley Public School
- St Patricks Primary
Cessnock also has a TAFE institution for further education. Mount View High School is the name of at least two secondary schools in the United States and one in Australia Mount View High School (Maine in Thorndike Maine Technical and Further Education or TAFE (pronounced) institutions provide a wide range of predominantly vocational tertiary education courses in Australia
Sport
The city has many sporting facilities. The city competes in several regional sporting competitions, particularly the Newcastle-based leagues of various sports. Some very successful sporting players can trace their roots to the local district, including Australian Rugby League representative players and brothers Andrew and Matthew Johns. The Australian Rugby League (ARL is the governing body for the Sport of Rugby league in Australia Andrew Gary "Joey" Johns (born 19 May 1974 in Cessnock New South Wales) is an Australian former Rugby league footballer Matthew Johns (born 27 July 1971 in Cessnock New South Wales) is an Australian former professional Rugby league player World-renowned golfer and TV commentator Jack Newton is also from Cessnock. Jack Newton OAM (born 30 January 1950 is a former Australian Professional golfer. His annual Sub-Juniors Golf Tournament has unearthed some talented young golfers and is held on the local championship courses of Pokolbin.
Transport
For a century Cessnock was served by a very extensive railway network, originally constructed for the coal industry, but which, at one time, had considerable passenger services, including a direct train to Sydney. The network was finally closed down in 1985.
The Sydney-Newcastle Freeway's Cessnock exit at Freemans Waterhole provides one of the main road connections from Sydney to Cessnock via "The Gap", a pass through the Wattagan mountain range just north of Mt Heaton. The Sydney-Newcastle Freeway is a stretch of Motorway linking Sydney to the Central Coast, Newcastle and Hunter regions of A new freeway linking the New England Highway at Branxton and the Sydney-Newcastle Freeway at West Wallsend is planned to be built in the near future, which will bypass Cessnock. West Wallsend is a suburb and small town in the City of Lake Macquarie in New South Wales, Australia. Less traffic will take pressure off the local roads and provide easier access to Pokolbin from Sydney and Newcastle.
The local airport is placed just to the north of the city, at the entrance to the Vineyard District. It has a small public passenger terminal and also serves as the base for aviation training organisations such as Avondale College's school of Aviation and Hunter Valley Aviation. Avondale College is an Australian tertiary education provider affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The airport is not served by RPT flights. Access by air to the region is by Newcastle Airport at Williamtown, 53 km (33 mi) away, and includes direct services from Brisbane, Sydney, and Melbourne. Newcastle Airport is located north of Newcastle, New South Wales ( by road in Port Stephens, with flights operated by Jetstar, Virgin Williamtown is a rural suburb of the Port Stephens Local Government Area in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3
The local bus service is run by Rover Motors which provide services to Maitland, Newcastle and Sydney as well as local school bus services.
Notable locals
- Andrew and Matthew Johns—Rugby League players
- Douglas N. Daft—businessman; CEO of Coca-Cola (2000-04), Corporate Director of Wal-Mart. Andrew Gary "Joey" Johns (born 19 May 1974 in Cessnock New South Wales) is an Australian former Rugby league footballer Matthew Johns (born 27 July 1971 in Cessnock New South Wales) is an Australian former professional Rugby league player Douglas N Daft (born 1943 in Cessnock, New South Wales) is an Australian Businessman. Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries Wal-Mart Stores Inc (or Walmart as written in its new logo is an American public corporation that runs a chain of large discount department stores
National Estate
Greater Cessnock contains a number of buildings and sites that are on the Register of the National Estate. [4]
- Court House, Branxton
- Police Station and Residence, Branxton
- Former Court House, Greta
- Kurri Kurri Hotel, Land and Hampton Streets, Kurri Kurri
- Laguna House, Laguna
- Post Office, Wollombi
- Endeavour Museum (former Court House), Wollombi
- Public School, Wollombi
- St Michael's Catholic Church, Wollombi
- St John the Evangelist Anglican Church, Wollombi
- Stanford Main No. 2 Colliery Pit Head Building, Brick Cottages
- Aboriginal Rock Carvings Site, Cessnock Area
See also
Notes
- ^ This is based on the population for the Cessnock-Bellbird urban centre, a statistical area used by the Australian Bureau of Statistics which is slightly different to the actual town of Cessnock. Cessnock Correctional Centre is a maximum security Australian Prison for males located in Cessnock, New South Wales, Australia. The Australian Bureau of Statistics ( ABS) is Australia 's national statistical agency.
References
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). The Australian Bureau of Statistics ( ABS) is Australia 's national statistical agency. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Cessnock-Bellbird (Urban Centre/Locality). 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved on 2008-05-16. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Map
- ^ a b Cessnock. Geographical Names Register. Geographical Names Board of New South Wales. The Geographical Names Board of New South Wales was established in 1966 as the official body for naming and recording details of Places and Geographical Retrieved on 2008-05-16. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
- ^ a b Cessnock is the eastern gateway to New South Wales. Hunter Vineyard Tours. Retrieved on 2008-05-16. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
- ^ The Heritage of Australia, Macmillan Company, 1981
- Cessnock Post Office. Climate statistics for Australian locations. Bureau of Meteorology. The Bureau of Meteorology is an Executive Agency of the Australian Government responsible for providing weather services to Australia and surrounding areas Retrieved on 2008-06-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks
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