| Brain: Cerebral peduncle | ||
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| Superficial dissection of brain-stem. Ventral view. ("Cerebral peduncle" visible in red at center-right. ) | ||
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| Section through superior colliculus showing path of oculomotor nerve. The superior colliculus ( Latin, higher hill) is a paired structure that is part of the Brain 's tectal area. The oculomotor nerve is the third of twelve paired Cranial nerves. (Crus cerebri labeled at lower left. ) | ||
| Latin | pedunculus cerebri | |
| Gray's | subject #188 800 | |
| NeuroNames | hier-478 | |
| MeSH | Cerebral+Peduncle | |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | p_10/12622555 | |
The cerebral peduncle, by most classifications, is everything in the mesencephalon except the tectum. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. This is a list of the subjects in Gray's Anatomy: IX Neurology NeuroNames is a system of nomenclature for the human and/or macaque Brain. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group In biological anatomy the mesencephalon (or midbrain) comprises the Tectum (or corpora quadrigemini Tegmentum, the ventricular mesocoelia (or "iter" The tectum (Latin roof) is a region of the Brain, specifically the dorsal part of the Mesencephalon (midbrain The region includes the midbrain tegmentum, crus cerebri, substantia nigra and pretectum. The midbrain Tegmentum is the part of the Midbrain extending from the Substantia nigra to the Cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section The cerebral crus is the anterior portion of the Cerebral peduncle which contains the motor tracts the plural of which is cerebral crura. The substantia nigra ( Latin for "black substance" Sömmering) or locus niger is a heterogeneous portion of the midbrain, separating Pretectum is a structure located in the Midbrain. It receives binocular input from the Eyes and is involved with the pupillary light reflex. By this definition, the cerebral peduncles are also known as the basis pedunculi, while the large ventral bundle of efferent fibers is referred to as the crus cerebri or the pes pedunculi There are numerous nerve tracts located within this section of the brainstem. Of note, in the cerebral peduncular loop fibers from motor areas of the brain project to the cerebral peduncle and then project to various thalamic nuclei. The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος = room chamber, IPA= /ˈθæləməs/ is a pair and symmetric part of the brain
In as much as the peduncles are an anatomic landmark, for details regarding the function of this area interested readers are referred to the individual referenced articles. On a broad scale, though, this area contains many nerve tracts conveying motor information to and from the brain to the rest of the body.
Important fibers running through the cerebral peduncles include the corticospinal tract and the corticobulbar tract, among others. The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a massive collection of Axons that travel between the Cerebral cortex of the Brain and the Spinal The corticobulbar (or corticonuclear) tract is a White matter pathway connecting the Cerebral cortex to the Brainstem (the term "bulbar"
Additional images
 Scheme showing the connections of the several parts of the brain. |
 Superficial dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view. |
 Dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view. |
 Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view. |
 Dissection showing the projection fibers of the cerebellum. |
 Median sagittal section of brain. |
 The left optic nerve and the optic tracts. |
 Upper part of medulla spinalis and hind- and mid-brains; posterior aspect, exposed in situ. |
 Human brainstem anterior view |
See also
External links
Anatomical regions of the brain are listed vertically following hierarchies that are standard in Neuroanatomy.
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