Temple layout with cella highlighted.

For the spanish town, see: Cella, Spain

Naos redirects here. Cella is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. For the Spanish town see Cella Spain Naos redirects here For other meanings see Naos (disambiguation. For other meanings, see naos (disambiguation).

A cella (from Latin for small chamber) or naos (from the Greek for temple), is the inner chamber of a temple in classical architecture, or a shop facing the street in domestic Roman architecture (see domus). Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c A temple (from the Latin word Templum) is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities such as prayer and sacrifice or analogous rites The term architecture (from Greek αρχιτεκτονικήarchitektoniki) can be used to mean a process a profession or documentation A domus was the form of house that wealthy and some Middle class families owned in Ancient Rome and could be found in almost all the major cities of the

Greek and Roman temples

Greek Temple of Apollo at Paestum with centrally located cella. The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca Paestum is the classical Roman name of a major Graeco-Roman city in the Campania region of Italy.

The Maison Carrée at Nimes with its cella offset behind the hexastyle portico. The Maison Carrée at Nîmes in southern France is one of the best preserved temples to be found anywhere in the territory of the former Roman Empire. Nîmes ( Provençal Occitan: Nimes in both classical and Mistralian norms is a city in southern France. A portico is a Porch that is leading to the entrance of a building or extended as a Colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway supported by Columns A portico is a Porch that is leading to the entrance of a building or extended as a Colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway supported by Columns

In Ancient Greek and Roman temples the cella is a room at the centre of the building, usually containing a cult image or statue (execrated by Early Christians as an "idol") representing the particular deity venerated in the temple. Greek temples ( Ancient Greek:, grc-Latn ho naós "dwelling" semantically distinct from Latin la templum " Temple Fanum At the temples Romans prayed and made Ritual Worship Offerings of a small gift or Animal sacrifices to their Roman In the practice of Religion, a cult image is a man-made object that is venerated for the Deity, spirit or Daemon that it embodies or represents Idolatry is usually defined as Worship of any Cult image, Idea, or object, as opposed to the worship of a monotheistic God. In addition the cella may contain a table or plinth to receive votive offerings such as votive statues, precious and semi-precious stones, helmets, spear and arrow heads, and swords. A plinth is the base of a cabinet in Cabinet making. In Architecture, a plinth is the base or platform upon which a Column, Pedestal A votive deposit or votive offering is an object left in a Sacred place for Ritual purposes A votive deposit or votive offering is an object left in a Sacred place for Ritual purposes A helmet is a form of Protective gear worn on the head to protect it from injuries a variation of the hat This is an article about a particle accelerator For uses of spear, see Spear or Spear (disambiguation. An arrow is a pointed Projectile that is shot with a bow. It predates recorded history and is common to most Cultures. The accumulated offerings made Greek and Roman temples virtual treasuries, and many of them were indeed used as treasuries during antiquity. For the US government securities see Treasury security. Also see Treasury management. Classical antiquity (also the classical era or classical period) is a broad term for a long period of cultural History centered on the Mediterranean

The cella is typically a simple, windowless, rectangular room with a door or open entrance at the front behind a colonnaded portico facade. In Classical architecture, a colonnade denotes a long sequence of Columns joined by their Entablature, often free-standing as in the famous elliptically A portico is a Porch that is leading to the entrance of a building or extended as a Colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway supported by Columns In larger temples, the cella was typically divided by two colonnades into a central nave flanked by two aisles. In Classical architecture, a colonnade denotes a long sequence of Columns joined by their Entablature, often free-standing as in the famous elliptically In Romanesque and Gothic Christian Abbey, Cathedral Basilica and church Architecture, the nave is the An aisle is in general a space for walking with rows of seats on either side or with rows of seats on one side and a wall on the other A cella may also contain an adyton, an inner area restricted to access by the priests—in religions that had a consecrated priesthood—or by the temple guard

With very few exceptions Greek buildings were of a peripteral design that placed the cella in the center of the plan, such as the Parthenon and the Temple of Apollo at Paestum. The adyton (Άδυτον or adytum ( Latin) was a restricted area within the Cella of a Greek or Roman temple. This page is a glossary of architecture. A Aisle - subsidiary space alongside the body of a building separated from it by columns piers or The Parthenon ( Ancient Greek:) is a temple of the Greek goddess Athena, built in the 5th century BC on the Athenian Acropolis Paestum is the classical Roman name of a major Graeco-Roman city in the Campania region of Italy. The Romans favoured pseudoperipteral buildings with a portico offsetting the cella to the rear. In Architecture, a pseudoperipteral building is one with free standing columns in the front ( colonnaded portico) but the columns along the sides are A portico is a Porch that is leading to the entrance of a building or extended as a Colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway supported by Columns The pseudoperipteral plan uses engaged columns embedded along the side and rear walls of the cella. In Architecture, an engaged column is a column embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall sometimes defined as semi or three-quarter detached The Temple of Venus and Roma built by Hadrian in Rome had two cellae arranged back-to-back enclosed by a single outer peristyle. The Temple of Venus and Roma (Latin Templum Veneris et Romae) was the largest known temple in Ancient Rome. Publius Aelius Hadrianus (January 24 76 &ndash July 10 138 as emperor Imperator Caesar Divi Traiani filius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, and Divus Hadrianus after Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 In Greek and Roman architecture a peristyle is a Columned Porch or open Colonnade in a Building that surrounds a court

Etruscan temples

According to Vitruvius (Book IV.7), the Etruscan type of temples (as, for example, at Portonaccio near Veio) had three cellae, side by side, conjoined by a double row of columns on the facade. Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (born c 80–70 BC died after c 15 BC was a Roman Writer, Architect and Engineer (possibly praefectus fabrum Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy Portonaccio is a place located near the ancient Etruscan city of Veio, north to Rome, central Italy. Veii (pron WAY-ee or VAY-ee also Veius) was in ancient times an important Etrurian city 16 km NNW of Rome, Italy; its site lies in the modern This is an entirely new setup with respect to the other types of constructions found in Etruria and the Tyrrhenian side of Italy, which have one cell with or without columns, as seen in Greece and the Orient.

Christian churches

In early Christian and Byzantine architecture, the cella is an area at the centre of the church reserved for performing the liturgy. A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Byzantine architecture is the Architecture of the Byzantine Empire. A liturgy is the customary public worship done by a specific religious group according to their particular traditions

In later periods a small chapel or monk's cell was also called a cella. MONK is a Monte Carlo software package for simulating nuclear processes particularly for the purpose of determining the neutron multiplication factor or k-effective

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
• Vitruvius, De architectura, Book IV. ch 7 : translation, plans and reconstructions of Tuscan cellae.