Celadon is a term for ceramics denoting both a type glaze, and a ware of a specific color, also called celadon. Longquan celadon (龍泉青磁 refers to Chinese Celadon to have produced in Longguan (龍泉 kilns which were largely located in the Zhejiang prefecture Zhejiang ( is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms The Guimet Museum (French Musée national des Arts asiatiques-Guimet or Musée Guimet) is a museum of Asian art located at 6 place d'Iéna in the Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with Hiragana (ひらがな 平仮名 Katakana is a Japanese Syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system, along with Katakana and Kanji; the Latin alphabet Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated The word ceramic is derived from the Greek word κεραμικός ( keramikos) Glaze is a layer or coating of a Vitreous substance which has been fired to fuse to a ceramic object to color decorate strengthen or waterproof it See also Green This article is about notable Tints and shades of the Color Green. ^[1]

Etymology

The term "celadon" for the pottery's pale jade-green glaze was first applied by European connoisseurs of the wares. Jade is an Ornamental stone. The term jade is applied to two different rocks that are made up of different Silicate minerals. One theory is that the name first appeared in France in the 17th century and is named after the shepherd Celadon in Honoré d'Urfé's French pastoral romance, L'Astrée (1627), who wore pale green ribbons. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar Honoré d'Urfé marquis de Valromey comte de Châteauneuf ( February 11, 1568 - June 1, 1625) was a French Novelist and The Culture of France and of the French people has been shaped by its geography, by profound historical events, and by foreign and (D'Urfe, in turn, borrowed his character from Ovid's Metamorphoses. Publius Ovidius Naso ( March 20, 43 BC – 17 AD was a Roman poet known to the English -speaking world as Ovid who wrote on many topics including The Metamorphoses by the Roman poet Ovid is a narrative poem ) Another is that the term is a corruption of Salah ad-Din (Saladin), Ayyubid Sultan, who in 1171 sent forty pieces of the ceramic to Nur ad-Din, Sultan of Syria. Corruption or bastardisation is a way of referring to certain changes in a Language. Salahadin Ayyubi ( Arabic:صلاح الدين يوسف بن أيوب Kurdish: سه‌لاحه‌دین ئه‌یوبی Selah'edînê Eyubî; c The Ayyubid or Ayyoubid Dynasty was a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origins which ruled Egypt, Syria, Yemen (except for Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية ^[2] Yet another is the word derives from the Sanskrit sila and dhara, which mean "stone" and "green" respectively. Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical

Celadon glaze

Longquan Warmer, Chinese Song Dynasty, 12th Century

Celadon glaze refers to a family of transparent, crackle glazes, produced in a wide variety of colors, generally used on porcelain or white stoneware clay bodies. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Porcelain is a Ceramic material made by heating raw materials generally including Clay in the form of Kaolin, in a Kiln to temperatures Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained Minerals which show plasticity through a variable range of Water content, and The popularity and impact of these glazes is such that pottery pieces decorated with celadon glazes can also be known as "celadons. Pottery is the Ceramic ware made by potters It also refers to a group of materials that includes Earthenware, Stoneware "

A Ming Dynasty Longquan celadon from Zhejiang, 14-15th century, now housed in the Smithsonian in Washington, D. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led C.

Celadon glazes can be produced in a variety of colors, including whites, greys, blues and yellows, depending on the thickness of the applied glaze and the type of clay to which it is applied. Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained Minerals which show plasticity through a variable range of Water content, and However, the most famous celadons range in color from a very pale green crackle to deep intense greens, often meant to mimic the green shades of jade. Jade is an Ornamental stone. The term jade is applied to two different rocks that are made up of different Silicate minerals. The color is produced by iron oxide in the glaze recipe or clay body. Altogether there are sixteen known Iron Oxides and oxyhydroxides Celadons are usually fired in a reducing atmosphere kiln. A hydric soil is a soil that formed under conditions of saturation flooding or ponding long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part Kilns are thermally insulated chambers or Ovens in which controlled temperature regimes are produced As with most glazes, crazing (a glaze defect) can occur in the glaze and, if the characteristic is desirable, it is referred to as crackle glaze.

Large quantities of Longquan celadon was exported throughout East Asia, Southeast Asia and the Middle East. Much has been written on the various qualities of its glazes, the most celebrated being a glaze of a decided blue cast sometimes referred as kinuta in Japanese. Traditionally in China other tints and textures have had their places and continue to be admired.

Traditional Korean celadons can be considered a development of Chinese celadon with distinctive Korean directions in the ware. Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. The most distinctive are decorated by overlaying glaze on contrasting clay bodies. With inlaid designs, small pieces of colored clay are inlaid in the clay used to produce the ware. Carved or slip-carved designs require layer[s] of a different colored clay adhered to the base clay of the piece. A slip is a suspension in water of clay and/or other materials used in the production of Ceramic ware The layers are then carved away to reveal varying colors. Korean celadonware, usually a pale green-blue in color, developed, flourished, and was refined during the 10th and 11th centuries. Both the Mongol invasion in the 13th century and the Japanese invasion in the 16th centuries dealt blows to the craft. The Mongol invasions of Korea (1231 - 1273 consisted of a series of campaigns by the Mongol Empire against Korea, then known as Goryeo, from 1231 to 1259 Two Japanese invasions of Korea and subsequent battles on the Korean peninsula took place during the years 1592-1598 With the Japanese invasion, many potters were abducted and forcibly relocated to produce porcelain in Japan which has resulted to develop a porcelain and tea industry of Japan.

Since around 1420 the Counts of Katzenelnbogen owned the oldest European import of seladon, exposed in Kassel in the Landesmuseum ^[3]. Katzenelnbogen is the name of a castle and small city in the district of Rhein-Lahn-Kreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Japanese celadon originally took its inspiration from Korean wares. However the golden age of the Japanese variety only reached its height in the 1800s with the development of Kyoyaki (Kyoto Ceramics) and the celebrated potter Aoki Mokubei (1767-1833). His celadons paid conscious homage to Chinese wares. This was especially so for late Ming period celadons with their bright greens in a departure from tradition Japanese taste in Chinese celadon which favored a blue glaze known as kinuta.

Chinese Longquan Vase, Song Dynasty, 13th Century, Nantoyōsō Collection, Japan	Celadon from Yaozhou, Shaanxi province, 10th-11th century, Song Dynasty	Korean Pressed Celadon Koryo Period, Nantoyōsō Collection, Japan	Japanese Kyoyaki Celadon 1800s, Nantoyōsō Collection, Japan
National Museum of Korea, Seoul	Goryeo celadon, Dragon incense burner	Goryeo celadon, incense burner.	Cheongja unhak sanggam mun maebyeong, the 68th national treasure of South Korea. The National Treasures of Korea are a numbered set of tangible treasures artifacts sites and buildings which are recognized by South Korea as having exceptional artistic

Notes

See also

• Longquan celadon
• Chinese porcelain
• Korean porcelain
• Imari porcelain
• Yi Sam Pyong
• Kaolinite

External links

• Celadon in Thailand
• Modern Celadon