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Cefotaxime
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (6R,7R,Z)-3-(acetoxymethyl)-7-(2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)- 2-(methoxyimino)acetamido)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general 2. 0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | J01 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C16H17N5O7S2 |
| Mol. mass | 455. CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System is used for the classification of drugs It is controlled by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. PubChem is a Database of chemical Molecules The system is maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI a component The DrugBank database available at the University of Alberta is a unique Bioinformatics and Cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug (i A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Carbon (kɑɹbən is a Chemical element with the symbol C and its Atomic number is 6 Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14 Oxygen (from the Greek roots ὀξύς (oxys (acid literally "sharp" from the taste of acids and -γενής (-genēs (producer literally begetteris the Sulfur or sulphur (ˈsʌlfɚ see spelling below) is the Chemical element that has the Atomic number 16 The molecular mass (abbreviated m of a substance, more commonly referred to as molecular weight and abbreviated as MW, is the Mass of one 47 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | n/a |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Half life | 0. In Pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered Dose of unchanged drug that reaches the Systemic circulation, one of Drug metabolism is the Metabolism of drugs, their Biochemical modification or degradation usually through specialized enzymatic systems The liver is a vital organ in the human body and is present in Vertebrates and some other animals The biological half-life of a substance is the time it takes for a substance (drug radioactive nuclide or other to lose half of its pharmacologic physiologic or radiologic activity 8–1. 4 hours |
| Excretion | 50–85% renal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Intravenous |
Cefotaxime (INN) (pronounced /sɛfəˈtæksiːm/, /kɛfə-/) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products of Metabolism and other non-useful materials The kidneys are complicated organs that have numerous biological roles The pregnancy category of a pharmaceutical agent is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical if it is used as directed by the mother during For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The regulation of therapeutic goods, that is drugs and therapeutic devices, varies by jurisdiction The Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons, abbreviated SUSDP, is a document used in the regulation of drugs and poisons in Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. In Pharmacology and Toxicology, a route Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is the giving of Liquid substances directly into a Vein. An International Nonproprietary Name ( INN; also known as rINN, for recommended International Nonproprietary Name or pINN for proposed The cephalosporins (ˌsɛfələˈspɔrən/ /ˌkɛfə- are a class of β-lactam antibiotics. In modern usage an antibiotic is a Chemotherapeutic agent with activity against Microorganisms such as Bacteria, fungi or Protozoa Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining. Gram-negative bacteria are those Bacteria that do not retain Crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol The Bacteria ( singular: bacterium) are a large group of unicellular Microorganisms Typically a few Micrometres in length bacteria have In most cases, it is considered to be equivalent to ceftriaxone in terms of safety and efficacy. Ceftriaxone ( INN) (ˌsɛftraɪˈæksoʊn/ /ˌkɛf- is a third-generation Cephalosporin Antibiotic. Cefotaxime sodium is marketed under various trade names including Claforan (Sanofi-Aventis). Sanofi-Aventis () headquartered in Paris, France, is a multinational pharmaceutical company
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Mechanism of action
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. Bacteria eventually lyse due to ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes (autolysins and murein hydrolases) while cell wall assembly is arrested. [1]
Clinical use
Treatment of susceptible infection in respiratory tract, skin and skin structure, bone and joint, urinary tract, gynecologic as well as septicemia, and documented or suspected meningitis. Meningitis is Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the Brain and Spinal cord, known collectively as the Meninges. Active against most gram-negative bacilli (not Pseudomonas) and gram-positive cocci (not enterococcus). Pseudomonas is a Genus of gamma Proteobacteria, belonging to the larger family of Pseudomonads Recently 16S rRNA sequence Enterococcus is a Genus of Lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes. Active against many penicillin-resistant pneumococci[1] (See also cephalosporin). The cephalosporins (ˌsɛfələˈspɔrən/ /ˌkɛfə- are a class of β-lactam antibiotics.
Chemistry
The syn-configuration of the methoxyimino moiety confers stability to β-lactamase enzymes produced by many Gram-negative bacteria. In Chemistry (particularly Organic chemistry) methoxy refers to the Functional group consisting of a Methyl group bound to Oxygen An imine is a Functional group or Chemical compound containing a Carbon – Nitrogen Double bond. Beta-lactamases are Enzymes ( produced by some bacteria and are responsible for their resistance to Beta-lactam antibiotics like Penicillins Gram-negative bacteria are those Bacteria that do not retain Crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol Such stability to β-lactamases increases the activity of cefotaxime against otherwise resistant Gram-negative organisms.
References
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