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Katherine Howard
Queen Consort of England

Portrait miniature of Catherine Howard, by Hans Holbein the Younger. A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning king. A portrait miniature is a miniature Portrait painting usually executed in Gouache or watercolor. The manner of dress and jewellery suggest the subject's identity as Catherine. Jewellery (also spelled jewelry, see spelling differences) is a personal Ornament, such as a necklace ring or bracelet made from Gemstones
Born between 1520 and 1525
Died 13 February 1542
Consort 28 July 1540 – 13 February 1542
Consort to Henry VIII
Father Lord Edmund Howard
Mother Joyce Culpeper

For other Catherine Howards, see Catherine Howard (disambiguation)

Catherine Howard (between 1520 and 1525 – 13 February 1542), also called Katherine Howard or Katheryn Howard[1] was the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England (1540-1542), and sometimes known by his reference to her as "the rose without a thorn". Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Lord Edmund Howard was born between 1472 and 1497 and died 19 March 1539. Joyce (Jocasta Culpeper (c1480/1-c1531 was the mother of Catherine Howard who later became the fifth wife and Queen Consort to King Henry VIII. Catherine Howard may refer to Catherine Howard, queen consort of Henry VIII of England d Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed The six wives ( queens consort) of Henry VIII of England were in order Catherine of Aragon (annulled Anne Boleyn (beheaded Jane Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of

Catherine's birth date and place of birth are unknown (but occasionally cited as 1521, probably in London). London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. She was the daughter of Lord Edmund Howard, a younger son of the 2nd Duke of Norfolk. Lord Edmund Howard was born between 1472 and 1497 and died 19 March 1539. Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (1443 &ndash 21 May 1524) was an English soldier and statesman and son of John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk Catherine married Henry VIII on 28 July 1540, at Oatlands Palace in Surrey, almost immediately after the annulment of his marriage to Anne of Cleves was arranged. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Oatlands is a village and small district near Weybridge in Surrey which has acquired its name from the Royal Tudor and Stuart Oatlands Palace, the Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. Anne of Cleves Queen of England (22 September 1515&ndash16 July 1557 ( German: Anna von Jülich-Kleve-Berg) was the fourth wife of Henry VIII However, Catherine's past history and, eventually, her marital conduct were known to be unchaste. Sexual abstinence is the practice of voluntarily refraining from some or all aspects of Sexual activity. She was beheaded after less than two years of marriage to Henry on the grounds of treason, meaning adultery committed while married to the King. In Law, treason is the Crime that covers some of the more serious acts of disloyalty to one's sovereign or Nation. Adultery is the voluntary Sexual intercourse between a married person and another person who is not his or her Spouse, though in many places it is

Contents

Biography

Early life

Catherine Howard was the tenth child of Lord Edmund Howard and Joyce Culpeper. Lord Edmund Howard was born between 1472 and 1497 and died 19 March 1539. Joyce (Jocasta Culpeper (c1480/1-c1531 was the mother of Catherine Howard who later became the fifth wife and Queen Consort to King Henry VIII. Her older siblings (not in chronological order) were as follows: Ralph, George, Henry, Charles, Mary, Thomas, Isabel, Joyce,and Margaret.

Catherine's exact date of birth is unknown, although the year has been estimated as being between 1520 and 1525. She was the niece of Duke of Norfolk, and therefore a first cousin to Henry's second wife and Queen, Anne Boleyn, and to Anne's sister Mary Boleyn, a one-time mistress of Henry VIII. Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk (1473 – 25 August 1554) was a prominent Tudor politician. cousin in Kinship terminology is a relative with whom one shares a common Ancestor, but in modern usage the term is rarely used when referring to a Anne Boleyn (1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536 was the Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII of England. Mary Boleyn (c 1499/1500&ndash July 19 1543) was a member of the Boleyn family which enjoyed considerable influence during the reign of Henry VIII

Catherine's family, therefore, had an aristocratic pedigree. But her father, a younger son, was not well-off owing to primogeniture and the large size of his family, and he often begged for handouts from his more powerful relatives. Primogeniture is the Common law right of the Firstborn son to inherit the entire estate, to the exclusion of younger siblings His niece, Anne Boleyn, Catherine's cousin, got him a government job working for the King in Calais in 1531. Calais (kaˈlɛ in English often kæˈleɪ traditional English pronunciation /ˈkælɨs/ Kales is a town in northern France.

At this point, young Catherine was sent to live with her step-grandmother, Agnes Tilney, the Dowager Duchess of Norfolk. Agnes Howard ( Née Tilney; c 1477 &ndash 1545 was the second wife of Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk and the step-grandmother of Anne Boleyn A dowager is a widow who holds a title or property or Dower, derived from her deceased husband A duke is a member of the Nobility, historically of highest rank below the Sovereign, and historically controlled a Duchy or a Dukedom Norfolk (ˈnɔrfək is a low-lying county in East Anglia, England, United Kingdom.

At Lambeth Palace, the Dowager Duchess of Norfolk ran a large household that included numerous female and male attendants, along with her many wards, usually the children of aristocratic but poor relatives who could not afford to support their families. Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury. While sending young children to be educated and trained in aristocratic households other than their own was common for centuries among European nobles, supervision at Lambeth was lax. The Dowager Duchess was often at Court and took little interest in the upbringing and education of her wards and young female attendants.

Consequently, Catherine became the least educated of Henry's wives, although she could, apparently, read and write, unlike many less well-born English women of her time. Her character is often described as merry and vivacious, but never scholarly or devout. The casual upbringing in the licentious atmosphere of the Duchess's household led to Catherine's romance with her music teacher, Henry Mannox, around 1536, when she was between the ages of eleven and fifteen. When she became Queen, Mannox was appointed as a musician in her household. He later gave evidence in the inquiry against her.

Mannox and Catherine both confessed during her adultery trial that they had engaged in physical contact similar to sexual foreplay: "At the flattering and fair persuasions of Mannox, being but a young girl, I suffered him at sundry times to handle and touch the secret parts of my body which neither became me with honesty to permit nor him to require. " She said. "And I do also admit that I enjoyed his relationship with me, though I shall never regret loving him, I do now love Henry. "

This adolescent affair came to an end in 1538, when Catherine was pursued by a secretary of the Duchess' household, Francis Dereham. Francis Dereham (died 10 December 1541) was most famous for his affair with Queen Catherine Howard, fifth wife of Henry VIII of England They became lovers, addressing each other as "husband" and "wife". Dereham also entrusted Catherine with wifely duties, such as keeping his money when he was away on business. Many of Catherine's roommates among the Duchess's maids-of-honor and attendants knew of the relationship, and it was apparently ended in 1539 when the Dowager Duchess caught wind of the matter. Despite this disapproval, Catherine and Dereham may have parted with intentions to marry upon his return from Ireland, agreeing to a "precontract," as it was then known. If, indeed, they had exchanged vows of their intention to marry before having sexual intercourse in bed, they would have been considered married in the eyes of the Church.

The Six Wives of
King Henry VIII
Catherine of Aragon
Anne Boleyn
Jane Seymour
Anne of Cleves
Catherine Howard
Catherine Parr

Arrival at court

Catherine's uncle found her a place at the court of Henry VIII. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536 also known as Catharine, Katherine or Katharine ( Castilian Infanta Catalina Anne Boleyn (1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536 was the Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII of England. Jane Seymour (1508– 24 October 1537) was Queen Consort of England and the third wife of Henry VIII. Anne of Cleves Queen of England (22 September 1515&ndash16 July 1557 ( German: Anna von Jülich-Kleve-Berg) was the fourth wife of Henry VIII Catherine Parr ( c 1512 &ndash 5 September 1548 also known as Katherine or Katharine Parr(e, was the last of the six wives of Henry Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of As a young and attractive lady-in-waiting to Henry's new German wife, Queen Anne of Cleves, Catherine quickly caught the eye of the King, who had displayed little interest in Anne from the start. A lady-in-waiting (also called waiting maid) is a female personal assistant at a Noble court, attending to a queen, a Princess or other Anne of Cleves Queen of England (22 September 1515&ndash16 July 1557 ( German: Anna von Jülich-Kleve-Berg) was the fourth wife of Henry VIII Catherine's relatives privately doubted that the young woman was mature and intelligent enough to handle the responsibilities of being the King's mistress, as she had arrived at Court a few months earlier and was minimally educated and not particularly bright; but other factors were at play. The memory of Anne Boleyn's execution for supposed adultery had marred the standing of the Norfolks (a family proud of their grand lineage) in Henry VIII's court, and this Catholic family saw Catherine as a figurehead for their determination to restore the Catholic faith to England. As the King's interest in their relative grew, so did their influence. Within months of her arrival at Court, Henry bestowed gifts of land and expensive cloth upon Catherine.

Marriage

When Henry had his marriage to Anne of Cleves annulled on July 9, 1540, rumours swirled that Catherine was pregnant with his child. Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Their quick marriage just a few weeks after the divorce from Anne, on July 28, 1540, reflected Henry's lifelong urgency to secure the Tudor succession by begetting healthy, legitimate sons, since he had only one, Edward VI. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Edward VI (12 October 1537 &ndash 6 July 1553 became King of England and Ireland on 28 January 1547 and was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine Henry, nearing 50 and expanding in girth, showered his young bride with wealth, jewels, and fantastically expensive gifts. War with France and the English Reformation had cost Henry the goodwill of his people, and he was suffering from a number of ailments. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time The presence of a young and seemingly virtuous wife in his life brought him great happiness. Her motto, "Non autre volonte que la sienne" or "No other wish (will) but his", supposedly reflected her desire to keep Henry, an ailing man thirty years her senior, content.

But despite her newly acquired wealth and power, Catherine found her marital relations unappealing. She was not pregnant upon marriage and was repulsed by her husband's grotesque body. (He weighed 300 pounds, about 136 kilograms, at the time, and had an ill smelling festering ulcer on his thigh that had to be drained daily. ) Early in 1541, she embarked upon a light-hearted romance with Henry's favourite male courtier, Thomas Culpeper, whom she had initially desired on her arrival at court two years earlier. Thomas Culpeper (executed 10 December 1541) was a Courtier of Henry VIII. The couple's meetings were arranged by one of Catherine's older ladies-in-waiting, Lady Rochford, the widow of George Boleyn, brother of Anne Boleyn and Mary Boleyn and victim of Henry's determination to execute his second wife and take a third. Jane Boleyn Viscountess Rochford (c 1505 &ndash February 13 1542) was an English noblewoman who lived in the reign of Henry VIII. Anne Boleyn (1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536 was the Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII of England. Mary Boleyn (c 1499/1500&ndash July 19 1543) was a member of the Boleyn family which enjoyed considerable influence during the reign of Henry VIII

Henry and Catherine toured England together in the summer of 1541, and preparations for any signs of pregnancy (which would have led to a coronation) were in place, indicating that the married couple were sexually active with each other. However, as Catherine's extramarital liaison progressed, people who had witnessed her indiscretions at Lambeth Palace began to contact her for favours. In order to buy their silence, she appointed many of them to her household. Most disastrously, she appointed Henry Mannox as one of her musicians and Francis Dereham as her personal secretary. This miscalculation led to the charges of treason and adultery against her two years after her marriage to the King.

Downfall

By late 1541, the "northern progress" of England had ended, and Catherine's indiscretions rapidly became known thanks to John Lascelles, a Protestant reformer whose sister, Mary Hall, was a chambermaid to the Dowager Duchess; she had witnessed Catherine's youthful sexual liaisons. The Royal Entry, also known by various other names including Triumphal Entry and Joyous Entry, embraced the ceremonial and festivities accompanying a Motivated by the growing threat to his faith from conservative Catholicism, Lascelles presented the information to Thomas Cranmer, then Archbishop of Canterbury and one of Henry's closest advisors. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the

Cranmer, aware that any precontract with Dereham would invalidate Catherine's marriage to Henry, gave Henry a letter with the accusations against his wife on November 2, 1541, as they attended an All Souls' Day Mass. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 In Western Christianity, All Souls' Day commemorates the faithful departed. Henry at first refused to believe the allegations, thinking the letter was a forgery, and requested that Cranmer should further investigate the matter. Within a few days, corroborative proof was found, including the confessions of Dereham and Culpeper after they were tortured in the Tower of London, as well as a love letter to Culpeper in Catherine's distinctive handwriting. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London

Catherine was charged with treason, but she never, even to her confessor just hours before her death, admitted to betraying the King with Culpeper. She did readily admit that her behaviour prior to her marriage had been unbecoming, to say the least, of a lady of her rank, let alone a Queen of England.

Catherine was arrested on 12 November 1541. Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days According to legend, she briefly escaped her guard's clutches to run to the chapel where Henry was taking Mass. She banged on the doors and screamed Henry's name. Eventually, she was arrested by the guards and taken to her rooms in Hampton Court, where she was confined, accompanied only by Lady Rochford. Hampton Court Palace is a former royal palace in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, south west London, England. Her pleas to see Henry were ignored, and Cranmer interrogated her regarding the charges. Even the staunch Cranmer found Catherine's frantic, incoherent state pitiable, saying, "I found her in such lamentation and heavyness as I never saw no creature, so that it would have pitied any man's heart to have looked upon her. "[2] He ordered the guards to remove any objects that she might use to commit suicide.

While a precontract between Catherine and Dereham would have had the unfortunate effect of terminating Catherine's Royal marriage, it also would have allowed Henry to annul their marriage and banish her from Court. Catherine would have been disgraced, impoverished, and exiled but ultimately spared the grisly fate of Anne Boleyn. However, she steadfastly denied any precontract, stating that Dereham had forced himself upon her.

Imprisonment and death

Catherine was stripped of her title as queen on 22 November and imprisoned in Syon House, Middlesex, through the winter of 1541. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Syon House and its 200 acre (80 Hectare /800000 m² Park is situated in West London, in England. Middlesex is one of the 39 historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. Thomas Culpeper and Francis Dereham were executed at Tyburn on 10 December 1541 — the former beheaded, the latter hanged, drawn and quartered — for treasonous conduct. History The village was one of two manors of the Parish of St Marylebone, which was itself named after the stream St Marylebone being Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Decapitation (from Latin, caput, capitis, meaning head or beheading, is the cutting off of the head of a person or animal To be hanged drawn and quartered was the penalty once ordained in England for the crime of High treason. [3] As was customary, their heads were placed atop London Bridge. London Bridge is a Bridge between the City of London and Southwark in London, England, over the River Thames. Catherine's relatives were also detained in the Tower, except her uncle Thomas, the Duke of Norfolk, who had sufficiently detached himself from the scandal. All of the Howard prisoners were tried, found guilty of concealing treason, and sentenced to life imprisonment and forfeiture of goods. In time, however, they were released with their goods restored.

Catherine herself remained in suspension until Parliament passed a bill of attainder, on 21 January 1542, that made the intent to commit treason punishable by death. A bill of attainder (also known as an act or writ of Attainder) is an act of Legislature declaring a person or group of persons guilty of Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. This solved the matter of Catherine's supposed precontract and made her unequivocally guilty, as adultery by a queen was de facto treason. Catherine was taken to the Tower of London on 10 February 1542. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead On 11 February, Henry signed the bill of attainder into law, and Catherine's execution was scheduled for 7 AM on 13 February. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed

The night before her execution, Catherine is said to have spent many hours practicing how to lay her head upon the block. She died with relative composure but looked pale and very terrified, and she required assistance to climb the scaffold. Scaffolding is a temporary framework used to support people and material in the construction or repair of buildings and other large structures She made a speech describing her punishment as "worthy and just" and asked for mercy for her family and prayers for her soul. According to popular folklore, her last words were, "I die a Queen, but I would rather have died the wife of Culpeper. " She was quickly beheaded with one stroke, and her body was buried in an unmarked grave in the nearby chapel of St Peter ad Vincula, where the body of her cousin, Anne Boleyn, also lay. For other churches of this dedication see St Peter ad Vincula (disambiguation. Anne Boleyn (1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536 was the Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII of England. Henry did not attend.

Catherine's body was one of those identified during restorations of the chapel during the reign of Queen Victoria, and she is commemorated on a plaque on the west wall dedicated to all those who died in the Tower. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

Francis I of France wrote a letter to Henry upon news of Catherine's death, regretting the "lewd and naughty behaviour of the Queen" and advising him that "The lightness of women cannot bend the honour of men". Francis I (September 12 1494 &ndash March 31 1547 was crowned King of France in 1515 in the cathedral at Reims and reigned until 1547 When Sir William Paget informed Francis of Catherine's misconduct, he exclaimed "She hath done wondrous naughty!". William Paget 1st Baron Paget of Beaudesert (1506&ndash June 9,1563 English Statesman, son of William Paget one of the serjeants-at-mace of the [4]

Lineage

Historiography

Victorian writer Agnes Strickland argued that Katherine had been innocent of all charges laid against her. Agnes Strickland ( 19 August, 1796 – 8 July, 1874) was an English historical Writer and Poet. Others, namely American historian Lacey Baldwin Smith, described her life as one of "hedonism" and Katherine as a "juvenile delinquent". Alison Weir, in her 1991 book The Six Wives of Henry VIII, described her as "an empty-headed wanton". Alison Weir (born 1951) is a British Writer of History books mostly in the form of biographies about British royalty

Other biographers are more sympathetic -- particularly David Starkey, who offered revolutionary theories on Katherine's adultery, and feminist activist Karen Lindsey, whose book Divorced Beheaded Survived: A Feminist Reinterpretation of the Wives of Henry VIII (1995) is sympathetic but realistic in its assessment. Not to be confused with David Starkey (maritime historian. David Robert Starkey CBE (born 3 January 1945)

Portraits of Catherine Howard

The Windsor version of the Holbein miniature
The Windsor version of the Holbein miniature

Painters continued to include Jane Seymour in pictures of King Henry VIII years after she was dead, because Henry continued to look back on her with favour as the one wife who gave him a son; most of them copied the portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger because it was the only full-sized picture available. Jane Seymour (1508– 24 October 1537) was Queen Consort of England and the third wife of Henry VIII. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of After Catherine Howard was executed, even the Howard family removed her picture from their family portrait gallery, because Henry never forgave her for her perfidy. Perfidy is an act of deliberate Treachery or Deception. Under the 1977 Protocol I Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 ( Protocol Nobody dared make another portrait of her after she was dead.

A portrait miniature (see above) existing in two versions by Holbein (Royal Collection and Duke of Buccleuch is now believed by most historians to be the only image of Catherine painted from life (in the case of the Windsor version). A portrait miniature is a miniature Portrait painting usually executed in Gouache or watercolor. The Royal Collection is the art collection of the British Royal Family. The title of Duke of Buccleuch (bəˈkluː was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, who was the eldest It has been dated (from details of her dress and the technique of the miniature) to the short period when Catherine was Queen. In it she is wearing the same large jewel as Jane Seymour in Holbein's panel portrait in Vienna. These were jewels the records show belonged to the Crown, not to any Queen personally, and there is no record of their having been removed from the treasury and given to anyone else. The pearls may tie in with a gift to Catherine from Henry in 1540, and she is the only Queen to fit the dating, whose appearance is not already known. For female sitters, duplicate versions of miniatures only exist for Queens at this period. There are no other plausible likenesses of her to compare to. Both versions have long been known as of Catherine Howard, and are so documented since 1736 (Buccleuch) and 1739? or at least 1840s for the Windsor version. [11]

For centuries, a picture by Hans Holbein was believed to be a portrait of Catherine. (The image, [1]NPG 1119, is owned by the National Portrait Gallery in London, titled as "Unknown woman, formerly known as Catherine Howard. ") Some historians now doubt that the woman in the picture is Catherine. Historian Antonia Fraser has persuasively argued that the above portrait is of Jane Seymour's sister, Elizabeth Seymour. Elizabeth Seymour may refer to Elizabeth Seymour Marchioness of Winchester, chief lady-in-waiting and sister of Queen Jane the third wife of Henry VIII of England The woman bears a remarkable resemblance to Jane (especially around the chin) and is wearing the clothes of a widow, which Catherine never had occasion to wear. Furthermore, the age of the sitter is given as 21; however, Catherine never reached her 21st birthday. Even if we accept the earliest possible date for her birth 1520/1521, Catherine would not have turned 21 until late 1541 or 1542, by which time she was either imprisoned or dead. The other possibility is that the portrait shows Henry's Scottish niece, Lady Margaret Douglas, the mother-in-law of Mary Queen of Scots. Margaret Douglas Countess of Lennox ( October 8, 1515 &ndash March 7, 1578) was the daughter of Archibald Douglas 6th Earl of Angus So, whilst it is almost certain that the portrait is not Catherine Howard, but rather Henry's sister-in-law, Elizabeth Seymour, the miniature shown above right is very likely to be Henry's unlucky fifth Queen.

In film

In fiction

Catherine's story is fictionalized in the novel Murder Most Royal by Jean Plaidy. Murder Most Royal is an historical fiction novel by Jean Plaidy. Eleanor Alice Burford ( September 01, 1906 in Kensington, London, England – January 18, 1993 at sea somewhere

Catherine is a character in the book The Boleyn Inheritance by Philippa Gregory. The Boleyn Inheritance is a novel by British author Philippa Gregory which was first published in 2006. Philippa Gregory (born 9 January, 1954) is an English Historical novelist Biography Early life and academic career

Catherine's story, along with that of Anne Boleyn, is told from the viewpoint of Lady Rochford in the novel Vengeance Is Mine by Brandy Purdy.

Catherine is a character in Sovereign by C. J. Sansom (the third novel in the Matthew Shardlake series). Sovereign, published in 2006, is a crime novel by British author C C J Sansom is an English writer of crime novels Life Christopher John Sansom was born in 1952 and was educated at the University of Birmingham

Catherine's life at court is told in the trilogy The Fifth Queen by Ford Madox Ford. Ford Madox Ford ( December 17, 1873 &ndash June 26, 1939) was an English Novelist, Poet, Critic

References

  1. ^ There are several different spellings of "Catherine" that were in use during the 16th century and by historians today. Her one surviving signature spells her name "Katheryn" but this archaic spelling is no longer used. Her chief biographer, Lacey Baldwin Smith, uses the common modern spelling "Catherine"; other historians, Antonia Fraser, for example, use the traditional English spelling of "Katherine". Lady Antonia Fraser, CBE (born 27 August 1932 née Pakenham, is an English author of history and novels best known as Antonia Fraser for writing
  2. ^ Eleanor Herman, Sex with the Queen, William Morrow, 2006. ISBN 0-06-084673-9. See pages 81-82.
  3. ^ Primary Sources: The fall of Catherine Howard, 1541
  4. ^ B Alison Weir, Six Wives of Henry VIII, Grove Presws, 2000. ISBN 0-8021-3683-4. See page 475.
  5. ^ Lord Edmund Howard, Catherine Howard's father, was the brother of Lady Elizabeth Howard, mother of Anne Boleyn (second wife of Henry VIII of England), making Catherine Howard and Anne Boleyn first cousins. Lord Edmund Howard was born between 1472 and 1497 and died 19 March 1539. Anne Boleyn (1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536 was the Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII of England. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p10299.htm#i102981>. Retrieved on 28 October 2007 
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p10299.htm#i102982>. Retrieved on 28 October 2007 
  8. ^ Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p10151.htm#i101503>. Retrieved on 28 October 2007 
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p10765.htm#i107648>. Retrieved on 28 October 2007 
  10. ^ a b c d e f g Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p340.htm#i3391>. Retrieved on 28 October 2007 
  11. ^ Strong, Roy: Artists of the Tudor Court: The Portrait Miniature Rediscovered 1520-1620,p. 50, Victoria & Albert Museum exhibit catalogue, 1983, ISBN 0905209346 (Strong 1983.

Bibliography

External links

English royalty
Preceded by
Anne of Cleves		 Queen Consort of England
28 July 1540 – 13 February 1542		 Succeeded by
Catherine Parr
Persondata
NAME Howard, Katherine
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION Queen Consort of Henry VIII
DATE OF BIRTH ca. Not to be confused with David Starkey (maritime historian. David Robert Starkey CBE (born 3 January 1945) Alison Weir (born 1951) is a British Writer of History books mostly in the form of biographies about British royalty Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Kings of Wessex, who conquered Kent and Sussex from Mercia in 825 became increasingly dominant over the other kingdoms of England during Anne of Cleves Queen of England (22 September 1515&ndash16 July 1557 ( German: Anna von Jülich-Kleve-Berg) was the fourth wife of Henry VIII See also List of English monarchs. The English royal consorts were the spouses of the reigning monarchs of the Kingdom of England Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed Catherine Parr ( c 1512 &ndash 5 September 1548 also known as Katherine or Katharine Parr(e, was the last of the six wives of Henry A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning king. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of 1520–1525
PLACE OF BIRTH
DATE OF DEATH February 13, 1542
PLACE OF DEATH London, England
Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland
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