Cassander (Greek: Κάσσανδρος, Kassandros; ca. The Diadochi (plural of Latin Diadochus, from Greek Διάδοχοι, Diadokhoi, "successors" were the rival successors Lysimachus ( Greek: Λυσίμαχος Lysimachos; 360 BCE - 281 BCE was a Macedonian officer and diadochus (i For the astronomer see Ptolemy; for others named "Ptolemy" or "Ptolemaeus" see Ptolemy (disambiguation. Epirus (from Ionic Greek Ήπειρος - Ēpeiros, Doric Greek: Ἅπειρος - Apeiros, in Albanian Carthage (Καρχηδών Karkhēdōn, Carthago from the Phoenician קרת חדשת phn-Latn Qart-ḥadašt meaning new town) refers Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Colonies in antiquity were City-states founded from a mother- City The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c 350—297 BC), King of Macedon (305—297 BC), was a son of Antipater, and founder of the short-lived Antipatrid dynasty. Events By place Persian Empire Sidon, the centre of the revolt against Persia, seeks help from its sister city of Tyre Events By place Roman Republic Fabius Maximus Rullianus becomes Consul for the fourth time Macedon or Macedonia ( Greek grc Μακεδονία grc-Latn Makedonía) was the name of a kingdom centered in the northern-most Events By place Seleucid Empire Seleucus establishes Seleucia on the Tigris River as his capital Events By place Roman Republic Fabius Maximus Rullianus becomes Consul for the fourth time Antipater ( Greek: Ἀντίπατρος Antipatros; ca 397 BC — 319 BC was a Macedonian general and a supporter of kings Philip II of Macedon The Antipatrid dynasty was a Macedonian dynasty founded by Cassander, the son of Antipater, who declared himself King of Macedon in 302 BC
Cassander is first recorded as arriving at Alexander the Great’s court in Babylon in 323 BC, where he had been sent by his father, Antipater, likely to help uphold Antipater’s regency in Macedonia, although a later contemporary suggestion hostile to the Antipatrids was that Cassander had journeyed to poison the King. Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' Babylon was a City-state of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq Events By place Macedonian Empire 10 June — In Babylon, Alexander the Great dies ten days after being taken ill [1]
Whatever the truth of this suggestion, Cassander certainly proved to be singularly noted amongst the diadochi in his hostility to Alexander‘s memory [2] - Alexander IV, Roxanne, and Alexander’s supposed illegitimate son Heracles would all be executed on his orders, and a guarantee to Olympias to spare her life was not respected [3]; so too, Cassander would restore Thebes, which had been destroyed under Alexander, (A gesture which at the time was perceived to be a snub to the deceased King [4]) and it was even said that he could not pass a statue of Alexander without feeling faint. The Diadochi (plural of Latin Diadochus, from Greek Διάδοχοι, Diadokhoi, "successors" were the rival successors Alexander IV Aegus (in Greek, Ἀλέξανδρος Aἰγός &mdash 323&ndash309 BC was the son of Alexander the Great (Alexander III of Macedon Roxana ( Bactrian, Persian: Roshanak; Bactrian definition literally "luminous beauty" Persian definition "the dawn" was a Heracles of Macedon (ca 327 BC - 309 BC was a reputed illegitimate son of Alexander the Great of Macedon by Barsine, daughter of Satrap Olympias (in Greek, Ὀλυμπιάς; ca 376&ndash316 BC was an Epirote Princess, the fourth wife of the king Philip II of Thebes (grc Θῆβαι was a Boeotian City-state ( Polis) situated to the north of the Cithaeron range which divides Boeotia Cassander has been perceived to be ambitious and unscrupulous [5] , and even members of his own family were estranged from him. [6]
As Antipater grew close to death in 319 BC, he transferred the regency of Macedon not to Cassander, but to Polyperchon, possibly so as not to alarm the other diadochi through an apparent move towards dynastic ambition, but perhaps also because of Cassander’s own ambitions. Events By place Macedonian Empire The Athenian orator and diplomat Demades, is sent to the Macedonian court but either Polyperchon ( Greek Πολυπέρχων 394–303 BC son of Simmias from Tymphaia in Epirus, was a Macedonian general who served under [7] Cassander rejected his father’s decision, and immediately went to court Antigonus, Ptolemy and Lysimachus as allies. Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed" (382 BC - 301 BC son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian nobleman general and Satrap For the astronomer see Ptolemy; for others named "Ptolemy" or "Ptolemaeus" see Ptolemy (disambiguation. Lysimachus ( Greek: Λυσίμαχος Lysimachos; 360 BCE - 281 BCE was a Macedonian officer and diadochus (i Waging war on Polyperchon, Cassander would destroy his fleet, put Athens under the control of Demetrius of Phaleron, and declare himself Regent in 317 BC. Demetrius Phalereus (Δημήτριος Φαληρεύς also known as Demetrius of Phaleron (c Events By place Macedonian Empire Seleucus joins Antigonus against Eumenes and recaptures Babylon. After Olympias’ successful move against Philip III later in the year, Cassander would besiege her in Pydna. Philip III Arrhidaeus ( Greek:; ca 359 BC &ndash December 25, 317 BC king of Macedon from June 10 323 BC until his death was a son of King Philip Pydna is also a rocket station of the American Army in Germany, see Pydna (rocket station Pydna (in Greek: When the city fell two years later, Olympias was killed, and Cassander would have Alexander IV and Roxanne confined at Amphipolis. Amphipolis (Ἀμφίπολις &ndash Amphípolis) was an ancient Greek city in the region once inhabited by the Edoni people
Cassander associated himself with the Argead dynasty by marrying Alexander’s half-sister, Thessalonica, and had Alexander IV and Roxanne executed in either 310 BC or the following year. The Argead dynasty ( Ancient Greek:, the Argeads) was the ancient Greek ruling house of Macedon from about 700 Thessalonike (Θεσσαλονίκη (342 - 295 BC was a Greek princess the daughter of Macedonian king Philip II of Macedon, by his Thessalian Events By place Seleucid Empire Antigonus orders Nicanor, one of his generals to invade Babylonia from the east and Certainly, in 309 Polyperchon would begin forwarding the claims of Heracles as the true heir to the Macedonian inheritance, at which point Cassander bribed him to have the boy killed. Heracles of Macedon (ca 327 BC - 309 BC was a reputed illegitimate son of Alexander the Great of Macedon by Barsine, daughter of Satrap [8] After this, Cassander’s position in Greece and Macedonia was reasonably secure, and he would proclaim himself King in 305 BC. Events By place Seleucid Empire Seleucus establishes Seleucia on the Tigris River as his capital [9] After the Battle of Ipsus in 301 BC in which Antigonus was killed, he was undisputed in his control of Macedonia. The Battle of Ipsus was fought between some of the Diadochi (the successors of Alexander the Great) in 301 BC near the village of that name in Events By Place Asia Minor In The Battle of Ipsus in Phrygia, the armies of Antigonus, the ruler of Syria Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed" (382 BC - 301 BC son of Philip from Elimeia, was a Macedonian nobleman general and Satrap However, he had little time to savour the fact, dying of dropsy in 297 BC. Oedema (or Edema in American English formerly known as dropsy or hydropsy, is the increase of Interstitial fluid in any organ &mdash swelling Events By place Roman Republic Fabius Maximus Rullianus becomes Consul for the fourth time
Cassander’s dynasty did not live much beyond his death, with his son Philip dying of natural causes, and his other sons Alexander and Antipater becoming involved in a destructive dynastic struggle along with their mother; when Alexander was ousted as joint King by his brother, Demetrius I took up Alexander's appeal for aid and ousted Antipater, killed Alexander, and established the Antigonid dynasty. Philip IV of Macedon (d 297 BC was the son of Cassander. He briefly succeeded his father on the throne of Macedon prior to his death Alexander V (d 294 BC was the third and youngest son of Cassander and Thessalonica of Macedon, who was a half-sister of Alexander the Great. Antipater II was the son of Cassander and Thessalonica of Macedon, who was a half-sister of Alexander the Great. Demetrius I (337-283 BC Greek: Δημήτριος) called Poliorcetes (Greek Πολιορκητής) ("The Besieger" son of The Antigonid dynasty was a dynasty of Macedonian Hellenistic kings descended from Alexander the Great's general Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed" The remaining Antipatrids such as Antipater Etesias would prove unable to re-establish the Antipatrids on the throne. Antipater Etesias (d 279 BC was the nephew of Cassander. He became king after the death of Ptolemy Keraunos and the ousting of Meleager.
Of more lasting signifigance was Cassander’s transformation of Therma into Thessalonica, naming the city after his wife. Therma ( Therme) () was a Greek city founded by Eretrians or Corinthians in late 7th century BC in ancient Mygdonia (which was later Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη), Thessalonica, or Salonica is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of Macedonia Cassander also founded Cassandreia upon the ruins of Potidaea. Cassandra (Greek Κασσάνδρα Kassandra, modern transliteration Kassandra) was one of the most important cities in Ancient Macedonia founded by Potidaea ( Greek: Ποτίδαια Potidaia, modern transliteration Potidea) was a Colony founded by the Corinthians around 600
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References
- Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca chapters xviii, xix, xx
- Plutarch, Parallel Lives, "Demetrius", 18, 31; "Phocion", 31
- Franca Landucci Gattinoni: L'arte del potere. Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus ( Greek: Μέστριος Πλούταρχος c Plutarch 's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans, commonly called Parallel Lives or Plutarch's Lives, is a series of Demetrius I (337-283 BC Greek: Δημήτριος) called Poliorcetes (Greek Πολιορκητής) ("The Besieger" son of Phocion (in Greek Φωκίων, also called Phokion, c402 - c318 BC nicknamed The Good) was an Athenian Statesman and Vita e opere di Cassandro di Macedonia. Stuttgart 2003. ISBN 3-515-08381-2
Notes
- ^ Robin Lane Fox, Alexander the Great, p469, 2004 Ed.
- ^ Robin Lane Fox, Alexander the Great, p469, 2004 Ed.
- ^ Peter Green, Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Age, p38, 2007 Ed.
- ^ Peter Green, Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Age, p40-41, 2007 Ed.
- ^ Robin Lane Fox, Alexander the Great, p475, 2004 Ed.
- ^ Robin Lane Fox, Alexander the Great, p475, 2004 Ed.
- ^ Peter Green, Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Age, p35-36, 2007 Ed.
- ^ Peter Green, Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Age, p44, 2007 Ed.
- ^ Peter Green, Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Age, p163, 2007 Ed.
Cassander as a fictional character
- Mary Renault refers to Cassander in the Alexander Trilogy by his Greek name, Kassandros, and depicts him highly negatively. Mary Renault (pronounced Ren-olt ( 4 September 1905 – 13 December 1983) born Mary Challans, was an English Writer In Funeral Games, he is the villain of the piece. Funeral Games is a 1981 historical novel by Mary Renault, dealing with the death of Alexander the Great
- In the Oliver Stone film Alexander, he is portrayed by Jonathan Rhys Meyers. Alexander is a 2004 Epic film, based on the life of Alexander the Great. Jonathan Rhys Meyers (born Jonathan Michael Francis O’Keeffe; 27 July 1977) is an Irish Film and Television Actor
External links
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Cassander
Born: ca. The Antipatrid dynasty was a Macedonian dynasty founded by Cassander, the son of Antipater, who declared himself King of Macedon in 302 BC 350 BC Died: 297 BC |
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| Preceded by Polyperchon |
Regent of Macedon 317–305 BC |
Succeeded by Assumed Kingship |
| Preceded by Alexander IV Aegus |
King of Macedon 305–297 BC |
Succeeded by Philip IV |
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