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 Government of Senegal |
Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance | ||||||
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| Senegal |
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The Casamance Conflict is a low-level civil war that has been waged between the Government of Senegal and the Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance (MFDC) since 1990 over the question of independence for the Casamance region. Parliamentary elections were held in Senegal on 3 June 2007. They had originally been planned to be held together with the presidential election |||} Senegal is subdivided into 11 regions ( régions, singular région) each of which is administered by a Conseil Régionaux elected by population The 11 Regions of Senegal are subdivided into 35 departments and 103 arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function and by collectivités locales The departments of Senegal are subdivided into Arrondissements The arrondissements are listed below by department Bakel Bala Diawara President Léopold Senghor advocated close relations with France and negotiation and compromise as the best means of resolving international differences Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent A civil war is a War between a State and domestic political actors that are in control of some part of the territory claimed by the state Politics of Senegal takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential, liberal democratic Republic, whereby the President of Senegal is Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Casamance ( Casamança) is the area of Senegal south of The Gambia including the Casamance River.
According to historians, Senegal’s first president, Leopold Senghor, made a promise to Casamance’s leaders before independence from France in 1960 that if they joined Senegal for 20 years they would have their own independence afterwards.
When the government didn’t follow through on the promise in 1980, street demonstrations in the Casamance capital, Ziguinchor, turned violent.
The height of popularity of the Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance (MFDC) followed what human rights groups have said was brutal repression against demonstrators calling on officials to make good on Senghor’s promise.
The Casamance region is mostly inhabited by the Jola people who have a long tradition of independence movements. The Jola ( Diola in French transliteration are an Ethnic group found in Senegal, Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau. The MFDC had organised peaceful independence demonstrations. In 1982 the organisation's leaders were arrested, sparking a vicious circle of increased resistance and Army clampdowns. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Senegal has well-trained and disciplined armed forces consisting of about 19000 personnel in the army air force navy and gendarmerie
In 1990, the MFDC began reprisals by attacking military buildings in the region, with alleged covert support from the Guinea-Bissauan Army. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Population 1442029 (2006 estimate Military Branches People's Revolutionary Armed Force (FARP includes Army Navy and Air Force paramilitary force Eligible The Senegalese Army in turn attacked MFDC bases in Basse Casamance and Guinea-Bissau, but both sides were also accused of attacking non-combatants. Ziguinchor is a region of Senegal (regional capitals have the same name as their respective regions The Republic of Guinea-Bissau (ˈgɪni bɨˈsaʊ República da Guiné-Bissau ʁɛˈpublikɐ dɐ giˈnɛ biˈsau is a country in Western Africa, and one of the smallest
Several ceasefires were agreed during the 1990s, but none lasted, and the conflict hit European headlines when four French tourists disappeared, both sides blaming each other. A ceasefire (or truce) is a temporary stoppage of a War or any Armed conflict, where each side of the conflict agrees This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Father Augustin Diamacoune Senghor had come to lead the MFDC and pursued a policy of talks and reconciliation. Father Augustin Diamacoune Senghor ( 4 April 1928 at Senghalène, Casamance, Senegal – 13 January 2007 at However, the Senegalese government refused to consider independence for the region, leading some MFDC members to split and restart the fighting.
Another ceasefire was signed in 1997, but about 500 people were reported dead in battles up until March 2001, when Senghor and Abdoulaye Wade agreed to a peace deal. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar March 2001: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29 1926 is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000 This allowed for the release of prisoners, the return of refugees and clearance of landmines but did not bring autonomy. A prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of According to the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, a refugee is a person who owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race A land mine is an Explosive device designed to be placed on or in the ground to explode when triggered by an operator or the Proximity of a vehicle person An autonomous area is an area of a Country that has a degree of Autonomy, or freedom from an external authority Some in the MFDC regarded this as a betrayal, and the movement split with two factions battling each other.
Since the split, low-level fighting has continued in the region. Another round of negotiations took place in 2005. [1] Its results were, however, proved partial and armed clashes between MFDC factions and the army continued in 2006, prompting thousands of civilians to flee across the border to Gambia. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [2]
Notes
- ^ "Senegal to sign Casamance accord", BBC News, December 30, 2004
- ^ "Senegal: Attacks in Casamance despite peace move", IRIN, December 5, 2006
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