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Pink family
White campion (Silene latifolia)
White campion (Silene latifolia)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Juss.
Genera

See text

The Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the 'Pink' or the 'Carnation' family, is a family of flowering plants. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Magnoliopsida is the Botanical name for a class of Flowering plants By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its Caryophyllales is an order of Flowering plants that includes the cacti, carnations Amaranths Ice plants and most Antoine Laurent de Jussieu ( April 12, 1748 - September 17, 1836) was a French Botanist, notable as the first to propose The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group The species are dicotyledons included in the order Caryophyllales. Dicotyledons, or "dicots", is a name for a group of Flowering plants whose Seed typically has two embryonic leaves or Cotyledons There Caryophyllales is an order of Flowering plants that includes the cacti, carnations Amaranths Ice plants and most This is a large family with 88 genera and some 2,000 species. A genus (plural genera from Γένος Latin genus "descent family type gender" is a low-level Taxonomic

This cosmopolitan family of herbaceous plants is best represented in temperate climates, with a few species growing on tropical mountains. In Biogeography, a Biological category of living things is said to have cosmopolitan distribution if this category can be found almost anywhere around the world A herbaceous plant (or in botanical use a Herb) is a Plant that has leaves and stems that die down at the end of Some of the most commonly known members include pinks, Carnations, Firepink, and Campions. Dianthus is a Genus of about 300 Species of Flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly to Europe Fire Pink ( Silene virginica) is a Wildflower in the pink family Caryophyllaceae. Many species are grown as ornamental plants, but some are widespread weeds. Ornamental plants are typically grown in the flower Garden or as House plants Most commonly they are grown for the display of their Flowers Other common WEED (1390 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Spanish format Most species grow in the Mediterranean and bordering regions of Europe and Asia. The number of genera and species in the southern hemisphere is rather small, although the family does contain Colobanthus quitensis, the world's southernmost dicot, and one of only two flowering plants of Antarctica. Southern Hemisphere is the half of a Planet that is South of the Equator —the word hemisphere literally means 'half ball' Colobanthus quitensis ( Antarctic pearlwort) is one of the two Flowering plants found in the Antarctic region along with Deschampsia Cities and settlements Shops and service facilities Brand names Geography Land (ice covered the Geographic South

Despite its size and the somewhat doubtful mutual relationships, this family is rather uniform and easily recognizable. Most are herbacaceous annuals or perennials, dying off above ground each year. Botanically an annual plant is a Plant that usually germinates, Flowers and dies in one Year. A perennial plant or perennial ( Latin per, "through" annus, "year" is a Plant that lives for more than A few species are bushy with a woody rhizome, or even small trees. In Botany, a rhizome is a horizontal stem of a Plant that is usually found underground often sending out Roots and Shoots Most plants are non-succulent, i. Succulent plants, also known as succulents or fat plants, are Water -retaining Plants adapted to Arid climate or Soil conditions e. having no fleshy stems or leaves. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. The nodes on the stem are swollen.

The leaves are almost always opposite, rarely whorled. The blades are entire, petiolate and often stipulate. These stipules are not sheathforming. In Botany, stipule ( Latin stipula: straw stalk is a term coined by Linnaeus

The hermaphroditic flowers are terminal, blooming singly or in branched or forked in cymes. A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also The inflorescence can be dichasial. This means that in the axil of each peduncle ( = primary flower stalk) of the terminal flower in the cyme, two new single-flower branches sprout up on each side of and below the first flower. If the terminal flowers are absent, then this can lead to monochasia, i. e. a monoparous cyme with a single flower on each axis of the inflorescence. An inflorescence is a group or cluster of Flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main Branch or a complicated arrangement of branches In the extreme, this leads to a single flower, such as in Dianthus.

The flowers are regular and mostly 5-merous, i. e. with 5 petals and 5 sepals, but sometimes with 4 petals. A petal (from Ancient Greek petalon "leaf" "thin plate" regarded as a highly modified leaf is one member or part of the corolla A sepal (from Latin separatus "separate" + petalum "petal" is a part of the flower of Angiosperms or flower plants The sepals are free from one another or united. The petals are fringed or deeply cleft at the end. The calyx may be cylindrically inflated, as in Silene. The stamens number 5, 8 or 10. The stamen ( Plural stamina or stamens, from Latin stamen meaning "thread of the warp " is the male They are mostly isomerous with the perianth. The superior gynoecium has 2 to 5 carpels (members of a compound pistil) and is syncarpous, i. A gynoecium (from Ancient Greek gyne, "woman" is the Female reproductive part of a Flower. e. with these carpels united in a compound ovary. This ovary is 1-locular, i. In the Flowering plants an ovary is a part of the female reproductive organ of the flower or Gynoecium. e. having one chamber inside the ovary.

The fruit is non-fleshy. The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context and the term is not synonymous in Food preparation and Biology. It is usually a capsule, less frequently a small nut. Nut is a general term for the large dry oily Seeds or Fruit of some Plants.

This family is usually divided in three subfamilies :

Contents

Systematics

Currently, Amaranthaceae and Caryophyllaceae are sister groups and considered closely related. The Flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, the Amaranth family contains about 160 genera and 2400 species Formerly, Caryophyllaceae was considered the sister family to all of the remaining members of the sub-order because they have anthocyanins, and not betalain pigments. Not to be confused with Anthocyanidin, their sugar free counterparts Betalains are a class of Red and Yellow Indole -derived pigments found in Plants of the Caryophyllales. [1] However, cladistic analyses have suggested that Caryophyllaceae evolved from ancestors that contained betalain, reinforcing betalain as an accurate synampomorphy of the suborder, Caryophyllineae. Caryophyllales is a suborder of flowering plants Systematics Caryophyllales is separated into 2 sub-orders Caryophyllineae and Polygonineae [1]

Genera

Thyme-leaved Sandwort (Arenaria serpyllifolia)
Thyme-leaved Sandwort (Arenaria serpyllifolia)
A wild variety
A wild variety
Thyme-leaved Sandwort (Arenaria serpyllifolia) flower
Thyme-leaved Sandwort (Arenaria serpyllifolia) flower
Sweet William Dwarf from the genus dianthus
Sweet William Dwarf from the genus dianthus

References

  1. ^ a b Judd et al (2008). Achyronychia is a monotypic genus of flowering plant containing the single species Achyronychia cooperi, which is known by the common names onyxflower Agrostemma is a genus in the Caryophyllaceae family contiang the Species known as corncockles. UserPolbot. --> Alsinidendron is a genus of Plant in family Caryophyllaceae. Arenaria is a Genus of Flowering plants within the family Caryophyllaceae. Cerastium (Mouse-ear chickweed is a Genus of annual winter annual or perennial Plants belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae Colobanthus is a large genus of small cushion -like Herbaceous plants sometimes known as "pearlworts", a name they share with Dianthus is a Genus of about 300 Species of Flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly to Europe Coleophora is a very large genus of Moths of the family Coleophoridae with around 1000 described species UserPolbot. --> Gymnocarpos is a genus of Plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. Gypsophila (Commonly known as Baby's-breath in the United States elsewhere Gypsophila) is a Genus of about 100 species of Flowering plants Herniaria is a genus of flowering plants in the pink family known generally as ruptureworts. Holosteum is a Genus of Plants in the Pink family ( Caryophyllaceae) with 3 or 4 species native from southern Europe through central and Lychnis is a Genus of 15-25 species of Flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Europe, Asia Minuartia is a Genus of small Flowering plants one of those called " Sandworts quot or " Stitchworts quot UserPolbot. --> Moehringia is a genus of Plant in family Caryophyllaceae, one of those commonly called Moenchia is a Genus of Plants in the family Caryophyllaceae with three Species Native to the Mediterranean region Paronychia is a genus of plants in the pink family with over 110 species worldwide mostly from warm-temperate North America Eurasia South America and Africa Petrorhagia is a small Genus of annual and Perennial plants of the pink or carnation family, native to the Mediterranean "Phrynella" redirects here For the Flowering plant genus see Phrynella (plant. UserPolbot. --> Polycarpaea is a genus of Plant in family Caryophyllaceae. Sagina (like Colobanthus called "pearlworts") is a genus of 20–30 species of Flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae Saponaria, also known as soapworts, is a genus of about 20 species of perennial Herbs in the Caryophyllaceae, native to southern UserPolbot. --> Schiedea is a genus of Plant in family Caryophyllaceae. Scleranthus, the knawels, are a Genus of Herbaceous plants in the carnation family For the Flowering plant genus see Sclerocephalus (plant. Sclerocephalus is an extinct genus of temnospondyl Amphibian Silene is a Genus of Flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae. Spergula is a genus of about five Plants belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. Spergularia is a Genus of the Caryophyllaceae family containing the sea-spurreys. Stellaria is a Genus of about 90-120 species Flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, with a Cosmopolitan distribution Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach, Third Edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland, MA

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