Carrier Sense Multiple Access With Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), in computer networking, is a network control protocol in which
- a carrier sensing scheme is used. A computer network is a group of interconnected Computers. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics In the field of Telecommunications, a communications protocol is the set of standard rules for data representation signaling authentication and error detection required to In Telecommunications, a carrier wave, or carrier is a Waveform (usually Sinusoidal) that is modulated (modified with an input signal
- a transmitting data station that detects another signal while transmitting a frame, stops transmitting that frame, transmits a jam signal, and then waits for a random time interval (known as "backoff delay" and determined using the truncated binary exponential backoff algorithm) before trying to send that frame again. Debt AIDS Trade in Africa (or DATA) is a Multinational non-government organization founded in January 2002 in London by U2 's In Telecommunications transmission is the process of sending propagating and receiving an analogue or digital information signal over a physical point-to-point or In Computer networking, a frame is a Data packet of fixed or variable length which has been encoded by a Data link layer communications protocol for digital In Telecommunications a jam signal is a signal that carries a 32-bit binary pattern sent by a data station to inform the other stations that they must not For other uses see Time (disambiguation Time is a component of a measuring system used to sequence events to compare the durations of In a variety of Computer networks, binary exponential backoff or truncated binary exponential backoff refers to an Algorithm used to space out repeated
CSMA/CD is a modification of pure Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA). Carrier Sense Multiple Access ( CSMA) is a Probabilistic Media Access Control (MAC protocol in which a node verifies the absence of other traffic
Collision detection is used to improve CSMA performance by terminating transmission as soon as a collision is detected, and reducing the probability of a second collision on retry. In Telecommunication, the term collision has the following meanings In a Data Transmission system, the situation that occurs when two or
Methods for collision detection are media dependent, but on an electrical bus such as Ethernet, collisions can be detected by comparing transmitted data with received data. If they differ, another transmitter is overlaying the first transmitter's signal (a collision), and transmission terminates immediately. A jam signal is sent which will cause all transmitters to back off by random intervals, reducing the probability of a collision when the first retry is attempted. CSMA/CD is a layer 2 protocol in the OSI model. The Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model (OSI Reference Model or OSI Model) is an abstract description for layered communications and computer Network protocol
Ethernet is the classic CSMA/CD protocol. Ethernet is a family of frame -based Computer networking technologies for Local area networks (LANs However, CSMA/CD is no longer used in the 10 Gigabit Ethernet specifications, due to the requirement of switches replacing all hubs and repeaters. A A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and Retransmits it at a higher level and/or higher power or onto the other side of an obstruction Similarly, while CSMA/CD operation (half duplex) is defined in the Gigabit Ethernet specifications, few implementations support it and in practice it is nonexistent. Gigabit Ethernet (GbE or 1 GigE is a term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second, as defined by the Also, in Full Duplex Ethernet, collisions are impossible since data is transmitted and received on different wires, and each segment is connected directly to a switch. Therefore, CSMA/CD is not used on Full Duplex Ethernet networks.
Very partly derived from Federal Standard 1037C
See also
- Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA)
- Carrier Sense Multiple Access
- Token Ring
- Ethernet
- Collision (telecommunications)
References
External links
Federal Standard 1037C, entitled Telecommunications Glossary of Telecommunication Terms is a United States Federal Standard issued by the General Services Administration In Computer networking, CSMA/CA belongs to a class of protocols called multiple access methods Carrier Sense Multiple Access ( CSMA) is a Probabilistic Media Access Control (MAC protocol in which a node verifies the absence of other traffic Token ring Local area network (LAN technology is a local area network protocol which resides at the Data link layer Ethernet is a family of frame -based Computer networking technologies for Local area networks (LANs In Telecommunication, the term collision has the following meanings In a Data Transmission system, the situation that occurs when two orDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic