A carpenter (builder) is a skilled craftsman who performs carpentry - a wide range of woodworking that includes constructing buildings, furniture, and other objects out of wood. An artisan, also called a Craftsman, is a skilled manual worker who crafts items that may be functional or strictly decorative including furniture clothing Woodworking is the process of building making or carving something using Wood. In the fields of Architecture and Civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the Building or assembling of Infrastructure Furniture is the Mass noun for the movable objects which may support the human body (seating furniture and beds, provide storage or hold objects on horizontal Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs The work generally involves significant manual labor and work outdoors, particularly in rough carpentry. ^[1]

Since all of carpentry's required knowledge is gained through experience, the trade can be relatively easy to enter (this varies with the legal requirements from country to country). A trade as an occupation usually refers to the profession that require some particular kind of skilled work It is possible through dedication to have a prosperous career in carpentry.

The word "carpenter" is the English rendering of the Old French word carpentier (become charpentier) which is derived from the Latin carpentrius [artifex], "(maker) of a carriage. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. A carriage is a wheeled vehicle for people usually horse-drawn ^[2] The Middle English word (in the sense of "builder") was wright (from the Old English wryhta), which could be used in compound forms such as wheelwright or boatwright. Middle English is the name given by Historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman invasion of ^[3]

In British and Australasian slang, a carpenter is sometimes referred to as a "chippie". British English or UK English ( BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the Australasia is a Region of Oceania: New Zealand, Australia, Papua New Guinea, and neighbouring Islands in the Pacific Slang is the use of highly informal Words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker's Dialect or Language. The German word for carpenter is "Zimmermann" (room-maker, literally room-man), and hence is the source for the surname of many people in German and English-speaking countries. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. A room, in Architecture, is any distinguishable space within a structure

Carpentry in the United States is almost always done by men. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the With 98. 5% of carpenters being male, it was the fourth most male-dominated occupation in the country in 1999. ^[4]

Contents 1 Types and occupations 2 History 3 Training 4 Famous carpenters 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

Types and occupations

A mayster is one who does rough carpentry; that is, framing, formwork, roofing, and other structural or other large-scale work that need not be finely joined or polished in appearance. Framing, in construction known as light frame construction, is a building technique based around structural members usually called studs, which provide a stable Formwork is the term given to either temporary or permanent moulds into which Concrete or similar materials are poured Vietnam roofjpg|thumb|The roofs of Vietnam.]] A roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a Building.

A joister is a carpenter that puts in the floor joists. A floor is the walking surface of a room or vehicle Floors vary from simple dirt in a cave to many-layered surfaces using modern technology A joist in Architecture and Engineering, is one of the horizontal supporting members that run from wall to wall wall to beam or beam to beam to support a Ceiling Floor joists are the horizontal boards connected to the frame of a structure at the level just below the floor. Lumber or timber is Wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural Material for Construction, or They give the floor strength for holding weight. Also, they give a position to which the floor may be fastened. Joisters also put on the joists for the decks of a building. Joisters need good balance to install the beams and joists on buildings, considering the elevation involved.

A finish carpenter (South America) or joiner (traditional name now obsolete in North America) is one who does finish carpentry; that is, cabinetry, furniture making, fine woodworking, model building, instrument making, parquetry, joinery, or other carpentry where exact joints and minimal margins of error are important. A Joiner differs from a Carpenter in that he cuts and fits joints in wood that do not use nails usually as a furniture maker Cabinet making is the practice of utilizing various Woodworking skills to create cabinets shelving and Furniture. A broader definition of a tool is an entity used to interface between two or more domains that facilitates more effective action of one domain upon the other Some large-scale construction may be of an exactitude and artistry that it is classed as finish carpentry.

A trim carpenter specializes in molding and trim, such as door and window casings, mantels, baseboard, and other types of ornamental work. A door is a panel or barrier usually hinged or sliding that is used to cover an opening in a Wall or partition going into a building or space GlassWindowjpg|thumb|right|190px|A stained glass panel depicting Biblical scenes at a historic church in Scotland]] A window is an opening Molding (USA or moulding (AUS CAN UK is a strip of material with various Cross sections used to cover transitions between surfaces Fireplace mantel or mantelpiece, also known as a chimneypiece, originated in Medieval times as a hood that projected over a grate to catch the Smoke Cabinet installers are also referred to as trim carpenters.

A cabinetmaker is a carpenter who does fine and detailed work, specializing in the making of cabinets, wardrobes, dressers, storage chests, and other furniture designed for storage. A wardrobe (sometimes called an " armoire " is a standing closet used for storing Clothes. A chest of drawers, also known (especially in North American English) as dresser or bureau, is a piece of Furniture which has multiple A chest (also called coffer or kist) is one of the oldest forms of Furniture.

A ship's carpenter specializes in shipbuilding, maintenance, and repair techniques (see also shipwright) and carpentry specific to nautical needs; usually the term refers to a carpenter who has a post on a specific ship. See also Shipbuilding (song. Shipbuilding is the construction of Ships It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a See also Shipbuilding (song. Shipbuilding is the construction of Ships It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a A ship /ʃɪp/ is a large vessel that floats on water Ships are generally distinguished from Boats based on size Steel warships as well as wooden ones need ship's carpenters, especially for making emergency repairs in the case of battle or storm damage.

A carpenter in film-making, TV, and the theater builds and dismantles temporary scenery and sets for the production of these entertainments. Theatrical scenery is that which is used as a setting for a Theatrical production Set construction is a process by which a set designer works in collaboration with the director of the production to create the set for a theatrical film or television

A framer builds the skeletal structure or framework of buildings. A framer is a Carpenter who assembles the major structural elements of a wood-framed building Techniques include platform framing, balloon framing, or timber framing (which may be post-and-beam or mortise-and-tenon framing). Framing, in construction known as light frame construction, is a building technique based around structural members usually called studs, which provide a stable Framing, in construction known as light frame construction, is a building technique based around structural members usually called studs, which provide a stable Lumber or timber is Wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural Material for Construction, or Timber framing (Fachwerk or Half-timbering, is the method of creating framed structures of heavy timber jointed together with pegged Mortise and tenon joints Simple and strong the mortise and tenon joint has been used for millennia by Woodworkers around the world to join pieces of Wood, usually when the pieces

A roofer specializes in roof construction, concentrating on rafters, beams, and trusses. A roofer specializes in Roof construction concentrating on the application of materials that water proof and / or weather proof Buildings, homes ( Residential Vietnam roofjpg|thumb|The roofs of Vietnam.]] A roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a Building. For the Tennis player see Patrick Rafter. A rafter is one of a series of sloped structural members that extend from the ridge or hip In Architecture and Structural engineering, a truss is a structure comprising one or more triangular units constructed with straight slender members whose Naturally, a roofer must not be afraid of heights and must have good balance as well as carpentry skills. Acrophobia (from Greek, meaning "summit" is an extreme or irrational Fear of Heights It belongs to a category of Specific In Australia this type of carpenter is called a roof carpenter, and in that country a roofer is someone who puts on the roof cladding (shingles, tiles, tin, etc. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Corrugated galvanised iron (colloquially corrugated iron, commonly abbreviated CGI is a Building material composed of sheets of hot-dip galvanised ). (On many jobsites in the United States, roofer also has this connotation. )

A formwork carpenter creates the shuttering and falsework used in concrete construction. Falsework consists of temporary structures used in Construction to support spanning or arched structures in order to hold the component in place until its construction is sufficiently Concrete is a construction material composed of Cement (commonly Portland cement) as well as other cementitious materials such as Fly ash and Slag

In Japan, Miya-daiku (Temple carpenter) performs the works of both architect and builder of shrine and temple. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.

History

A medieval carpenter was a well performed craftsman that worked with wood. Carpentry went through many changes over the medieval period. By the 15th century, carpenters used most of the tools that are found in a carpenter's toolbox today, although they were often more simple versions. The different woodworking professions implied very different social standings. Woodworking is the process of building making or carving something using Wood.

Training

Tradesmen in countries such as Germany are required to fulfill a formal apprenticeship (usually three years) to work as a professional carpenter. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Apprenticeship is a system of Training a new generation of practitioners of a skill Upon graduation from the apprenticeship, he or she is known as a journeyman carpenter. A journeyman is a trader or crafter who has completed an Apprenticeship. Up through the 19th and even the early 20th century, the journeyman traveled to another region of the country to learn the building styles and techniques of that area before (usually) returning home. In Germany, this tradition of traveling carpenters has survived the 20th century on a small level (also done by bricklayers, roofers and other traditional crafts) and is experiencing growing popularity again in the early 21st century. A bricklayer or mason is a Tradesman who lays bricks to construct Brickwork. In modern times, journeymen are not required to travel, and the term refers more to a level of proficiency and skill. Union carpenters in the United States are required to pass a skills test to be granted official journeyman status, but uncertified professional carpenters may be known as journeymen based on their skill level, years of experience, or simply because they support themselves in the trade, and not due to certification or formal woodworking education. Template talkInfobox Union for usage --> The United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America is one of the

After working as a journeyman for a specified period, a carpenter may go to study or test as a master carpenter. A master craftsman (sometimes called only master or grandmaster, Meister was a member of a Guild. In some countries, such as Germany or Japan, this is an arduous and expensive process, requiring extensive knowledge (including economic and legal knowledge) and skill to achieve master certification; these countries generally require master status for anyone employing and teaching apprentices in the craft. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. In others, it can be a loosely used term to describe a skilled carpenter.

In the modern British construction industry, carpenters are trained through apprenticeship schemes where GCSEs in Maths, English and Technology help, but are not essential. In the fields of Architecture and Civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the Building or assembling of Infrastructure The General Certificate of Secondary Education ( GCSE) is the name of an academic qualification awarded in a specified subject generally taken in a number of subjects by Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt This is deemed as the preferred route as young people can earn and gain field experience whilst training towards a nationally recognized qualification.

Fully trained carpenters and joiners will often move into related trades such as shop fitting, frameworking, bench joinery, and maintenance and system installation. A workshop is a room or Building which provides both the area and Tools (or machinery) that may be required for the manufacture or repair Maintenance repair and operations or maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO is fixing any sort of mechanical or Electrical device should it

Famous carpenters

• Jesus of Nazareth
• Saint Joseph
• Norm "New Yankee" Abram
• Mike Holmes
• Harrison Ford
• Adam Carolla
• Roy Underhill

See also

• Building construction
• Guild
• Carpenter (theater)
• Atlanta Community ToolBank
• United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America

References

External links

• Carpenters - estimates of U. S. employment and earnings of employed (not self-employed) carpenters, from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
• Carpenters - from the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook

The Bureau of Labor Statistics ( BLS) a unit of the United States Department of Labor, is the principal fact-finding agency for the U

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