| Carole Lombard | |
|---|---|
 in Fools For Scandal (1938) |
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| Born | Jane Alice Peters October 6, 1908 Fort Wayne, Indiana |
| Died | January 16, 1942 (aged 33) Mount Potosi, near Las Vegas, Nevada |
| Spouse(s) | William Powell (1931-1933) Clark Gable (1939-1942) |
Carole Lombard (October 6, 1908 – January 16, 1942), born Jane Alice Peters in Fort Wayne, Indiana, was an Oscar-nominated American actress. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Fort Wayne is a City in northeastern Indiana, United States and the County seat of Allen Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Las Vegas ( Spanish: "The Meadows" is the most populous City in the state of Nevada, the seat of Clark County, and an internationally Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. William Horatio Powell ( July 29, 1892 – March 5, 1984) was a three-time Academy Award -nominated American actor noted Clark Gable (February 1 &ndashNovember 16) was an iconic American Actor nicknamed "The King of Hollywood" in his heyday Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Fort Wayne is a City in northeastern Indiana, United States and the County seat of Allen The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works She was particularly noted for her comedic roles in several classic films of the 1930s.
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Ancestry and early life
Lombard's parents were Frederick C. Peters and Elizabeth Knight. Her paternal grandfather, John Claus Peters, was the son of German immigrants, Claus Peters and Caroline Catherine Eberlin. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as One distant branch of Lombard's mother's family originated in England; her ancestors John and Martha Cheney emigrated to North America in 1634. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland
Lombard was the youngest of three children, her two older brothers both being boys. She spent her early childhood in a sprawling, two-story house at 704 Rockhill Street in Fort Wayne, near the St. Mary's River. Her father had been injured during his early life and was left with constant headaches which caused him to burst out in paroxysms of anger which disturbed the family. Her parents divorced and her mother took the three children to Los Angeles in 1914, where Lombard attended Virgil Middle School and then Fairfax High School. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Virgil Middle School, formerly known as Virgil Junior High School is a middle school in Los Angeles California. Fairfax High School is a Los Angeles Unified School District high school located in Los Angeles California, USA, near the border of West Hollywood She was elected "May Queen" in 1924. She quit school to pursue acting full-time, but graduated from Fairfax in 1927.
Lombard was a second generation Bahá'í who formally declared in 1938. The Bahá'í Faith is a Religion founded by Bahá'u'lláh in nineteenth-century Persia, emphasizing the spiritual unity of all humankind [1]
Career
Lombard made her film debut at the age of twelve after she was seen playing baseball in the street by director Allan Dwan; he cast her as a tomboy in A Perfect Crime (1921). My Man Godfrey is a Screwball comedy film released in by Universal Pictures, directed by Gregory LaCava. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Allan Dwan (April 3 1885 &ndash December 28 1981 was a pioneering Canadian -born American motion picture director, producer and screenwriter Tomboy is a Girl who behaves according to the Gender role of a Boy. In the 1920s, she worked in several low-budget productions credited as 'Jane Peters', and then later as 'Carol Lombard'. In 1925, she was signed as a contract player with Fox Film Corporation (which merged with Daryl Zanuck's Twentieth Century Productions in 1935). She also worked for Mack Sennett and Pathé Pictures. Mack Sennett ( January 17, 1880 &ndash November 5, 1960) was an Academy Award -winning director and was known as the innovator This article deals with the Pathé movie company For their music business see Pathé Records. She became a well-known actress and made a smooth transition to sound films, starting with High Voltage (1929). A sound film is a motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to image as opposed to a Silent film. High Voltage is a 1929 Film. It was released by Pathé and directed by Howard Higgin. In 1930, she began working for Paramount Pictures after having been dropped from both Twentieth Century and Pathé. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California.
Lombard was originally given roles that would help to bolster the reputations of her leading men, often having to do whatever she could to support them throughout the picture. It was not until 1934 that her career began to take off in its own right. It was in 1934 that director Howard Hawks noticed that Lombard had something that perhaps had not been unleashed on film. Howard Winchester Hawks ( May 30, 1896 &ndash December 26, 1977) was an American Film director, producer and He hired her for his next film, Twentieth Century, alongside living legend John Barrymore. Twentieth Century is a American Screwball comedy Film, set on the 20th Century Limited, a luxury train travelling from John Sidney Blyth Barrymore ( February 15 1882 – May 29 1942) was an American Actor, frequently called the greatest Lombard was at first terrified to be working alongside such a genius and it was not until Hawks took her aside and threatened to fire her that she permitted her fiery personality to show on the screen. The film brought Lombard to a level of fame that she was entirely unaccustomed to. That same year she also starred in Bolero with George Raft and it was for this film that she turned down the role of Ellie Andrews in It Happened One Night (1934)[2]. Bolero is a 1934 film starring George Raft and Carole Lombard. George Raft ( 26 September 1895 – 24 November 1980) was an American Film Actor most closely identified It Happened One Night is a 1934 screwball comedy directed by Frank Capra, in which a pampered Socialite ( Claudette Colbert The following year she starred in Mitchell Leisen's Hands Across the Table which also helped to establish her reputation as a top comedy actress. Mitchell Leisen (b October 6 1898, Menominee Michigan &ndash d Released by Paramount in 1935, Hands Across the Table is a film starring Carole Lombard and Fred MacMurray. 1936 also proved to be a big year for Lombard with her casting in the unforgettable screwball comedy My Man Godfrey alongside ex-husband William Powell and other film contemporaries such as Alice Brady, Gail Patrick, Eugene Pallette, and Mischa Auer. The screwball comedy is a subgenre of the comedy Film genre. It has proven to be one of the most popular and enduring film genres My Man Godfrey is a Screwball comedy film released in by Universal Pictures, directed by Gregory LaCava. William Horatio Powell ( July 29, 1892 – March 5, 1984) was a three-time Academy Award -nominated American actor noted Alice Brady ( November 2, 1892 - October 28,) was an Academy Award -winning American actress who began her career in the Silent Gail Patrick ( June 20, 1911 &ndash July 6, 1980) was an American film actress Eugene Pallette ( July 8 1889 &ndash September 3 1954) was an American Actor who appeared in over 240 films Mischa Auer ( 17 November 1905, St Petersburg, Russia &ndash 5 March 1967, Rome) was a Russian My Man Godfrey also earned Lombard an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. Godfrey was followed by Nothing Sacred in 1937, casting her opposite Fredric March and putting Lombard under the direction of William A. Wellman. Fredric March ( August 31, 1897 – April 14, 1975) was an American two-time Academy Award and Tony Award -winning William Augustus Wellman (29 February &ndash19 December) was an American Movie director, noted for directing the film which received the first Academy Award Produced by David O. Selznick, it was Lombard's only film in Technicolor. David O Selznick, born David Selznick ( May 10, 1902 &ndash June 22, 1965) was one of the iconic Hollywood producers Technicolor is the trademark for a series of color film processes pioneered by Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation However, in 1938 Lombard suffered a flop in Fools for Scandal and she moved on to dramatic films for the next few years. In 1939, Lombard was keen on being cast as Scarlett O'Hara, but was not even tested for the part. Scarlett O'Hara (full name Katie Scarlett O'Hara Hamilton Kennedy Butler) is the Protagonist in Margaret Mitchell 's 1936 novel Gone with Instead, she took roles opposite James Stewart in Made for Each Other and Cary Grant in In Name Only. James Stewart may refer to Actors James Stewart (actor (1908&ndash1997 Hollywood movie actor and USAF Brigadier General Made for Each Other is a 1939 film starring Carole Lombard and James Stewart as a couple who get married after only knowing each other very briefly In Name Only is a 1939 Romantic film starring Cary Grant, Carole Lombard and Kay Francis. She also starred in the dramatic Vigil in the Night before returning to her roots in comedy for a teaming with classic horror director Alfred Hitchcock in Mr. & Mrs. Smith. Vigil in the Night is a 1940 film (produced and distributed by RKO Pictures) based on the 1939 serial Short story by A Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 For other uses see Mr & Mrs Smith Mr & Mrs Smith is a 1941 Screwball comedy film directed by Alfred Mr. & Mrs. Smith gave Lombard's career a much needed boost and she followed her success with what proved to be her last film and another of her most successful, To Be or Not to Be. To Be or Not to Be is a 1942 Comedy film directed by Ernst Lubitsch, about a troupe of actors in Nazi -occupied Warsaw who
Personal life
In October 1930, Lombard met William Powell. William Horatio Powell ( July 29, 1892 – March 5, 1984) was a three-time Academy Award -nominated American actor noted They married on June 26, 1931. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Lombard commented to fan magazines that she did not believe their sixteen-year age difference would present a problem, but friends felt they were ill-suited, as Lombard had an extroverted personality while Powell was more reserved. The pair also noticed that while they made excellent friends, their life together as spouses was a horrible disaster. They divorced in 1933, but remained friends and worked together without acrimony, notably in My Man Godfrey. She was linked romantically to crooner Russ Columbo until his accidental death late in 1934. Ruggiero Eugenio di Rodolpho Colombo ( January 14 1908 &ndash September 2 1934) better known as Russ Columbo, was an American She was also reported to have had affairs with George Raft, Gary Cooper, and Robert Riskin. George Raft ( 26 September 1895 – 24 November 1980) was an American Film Actor most closely identified Frank James “Gary” Cooper (May 7 &ndashMay 13) was an American film actor and iconic star Robert Riskin ( March 30, 1897 &ndash September 20, 1955) was an American screenwriter and playwright best known for his collaborations
Lombard's most famous relationship came in 1936 when she became involved with actor Clark Gable. Clark Gable (February 1 &ndashNovember 16) was an iconic American Actor nicknamed "The King of Hollywood" in his heyday They had worked together previously in 1932's No Man of Her Own, but at the time Lombard was still happily married to Powell and Gable already had more women than he was willing to deal with. No Man of Her Own is a 1950 film starring Barbara Stanwyck. It was the second she made with director Mitchell Leisen. They were indifferent to each other on the set and did not keep in touch. It was not until 1936, when Gable came to the Mayfair Ball that Lombard had planned, that their romance began to take off. It was said that Gable and Lombard danced all night before disappearing. The disappearance, however, did not go further than driving around the block a few times, Lombard infuriating Gable, and not speaking to each other for the remainder of the evening. The following morning, Lombard sent Gable peace doves and their relationship took off in earnest. Doves is an English Indie rock band which formed in Wilmslow, Cheshire, England, although most of their early gigs They still had to be quiet about their romance as Gable was still married to Ria Langham and a divorce would cost him a fortune. It was not until a scandalous article called Hollywood's Unmarried Husbands and Wives was printed in a fan magazine cited the Gable/Lombard romance in public that censorship chief and head of the Hayes Code Will Hayes went to Louis B. Mayer and demand he do something about contract stars Gable and Robert Taylor, who had also been mentioned in the article due to his relationship with Barbara Stanwyck. For the television broadcasting term please see Production code number. Louis Burt Mayer (born Lazar Meir July 4, 1884 &ndash October 29, 1957) was an early Film producer, most Robert Taylor (August 5 1911 &ndash June 8 1969 was an American Actor. Barbara Stanwyck ( July 16, &ndash January 20,) was an American actress, a star of film and television known during her 60-year career as a They were given a choice: to either marry the women or end their relationships. Both took the former route. This reason also proved a major factor in Gable accepting the role of Rhett Butler in Gone With the Wind, as Selznick wanted Gable so much for the part that he was willing to pay almost any price. Rhett Butler is the antagonist of Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell. Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American dramatic - romantic - War film adapted from Margaret Mitchell 's 1936 Gable accepted the salary, but it still was not enough to keep him from losing the majority of his fortune. He divorced Langham on March 7, 1939 and proposed to Lombard in a telephone booth at the Brown Derby. Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A telephone booth, telephone kiosk, (or telephone box in the British Isles) is a small structure furnished with a Payphone and designed The Brown Derby was a landmark restaurant in Los Angeles frequented by celebrities during the Golden Age of Hollywood. During a break in production on Gone With the Wind, Gable and Lombard were married on March 29. Events 1461 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Towton - Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King They bought a ranch previously owned by director Raoul Walsh in Encino, California and lived a happy, unpretentious life. Raoul Walsh (born March 11, 1887 in New York City, died December 31, 1980 in Simi Valley CA) was an American California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Although they attempted to have a child and Lombard stated that she was perfectly willing to give up her career to raise a family, their efforts were ultimately unsuccessful. Nevertheless, they called each other "Ma" and "Pa" and raised chickens and horses. The chicken ( Gallus gallus, sometimes G gallus domesticus) is a domesticated Fowl which is traditionally believed to have descended from The horse ( Equus caballus) is a hoofed ( Ungulate) Mammal, one of eight living species of the family Equidae. To all who knew Gable, she was the love of his life.
Off-screen, Lombard was much loved for her unpretentious personality and well known for her earthy sense of humor and blue language. "God knows I love Clark, but he's the worst lay in town," Lombard once explained. "If Clark had one inch less, he'd be 'the queen of Hollywood' instead of 'the king'!"
Her best friend was Madalynne Fields, whom she called "Fieldsy. " Fields became Lombard's secretary and lived with her until Fields was married. Other friends of Lombard's included Marion Davies, William Haines, Jean Harlow, Fred MacMurray, Cary Grant, Jack Benny, and William Powell. Marion Davies ( January 3, 1897 &ndash September 22, 1961) was an American film Actress. Charles William Haines ( January 2, 1900 &ndash December 26, 1973) was an American film actor who was one of the most notable film stars Jean Harlow ( March 3, &ndash June 7,) was an American Film Actress and Sex symbol of the 1930s Frederick Martin MacMurray ( August 30, 1908 &ndash November 5, 1991) was an American Actor who appeared in over one Jack Benny (born Benjamin Kubelsky February 14, 1894 - December 26, 1974) was an American Comedian, vaudevillian William Horatio Powell ( July 29, 1892 – March 5, 1984) was a three-time Academy Award -nominated American actor noted
Lombard was also a registered Democrat. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party.
Death
When the US entered World War II at the end of 1941, Lombard traveled to her home state of Indiana for a war bond rally. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The State of Indiana ( was the 19th US state admitted into the union War bonds are a type of Savings bond used by combatant nations to help fund a war effort and as a Monetary policy for controlling Inflation from an At four o'clock (04:00 local time) on the morning of Friday, January 16, 1942, Lombard and her mother boarded a Trans World Airlines DC-3 airplane to return to California. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Trans World Airlines ( TWA) renamed TWA Airlines LLC in 2001 was a major U WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout After refueling in Las Vegas, Flight 3 took off on a clear night. Las Vegas ( Spanish: "The Meadows" is the most populous City in the state of Nevada, the seat of Clark County, and an internationally However, beacons in the area had been blacked out because of the war, and the plane was 6. 7 miles (10. 8 km) off course. Twenty-three minutes after takeoff, the plane crashed into "Double Up Peak" near the 8,300-foot (2500 meter) level of Mount Potosi, 32 miles (52 km) southwest of Las Vegas. All 22 passengers were killed. A plaque marked the spot, but was stolen sometime in 2007.
Just before boarding the plane, Lombard addressed her fans, saying: "Before I say goodbye to you all, come on and join me in a big cheer! V for Victory!" President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who admired her patriotism, declared her the first woman killed in the line of duty during the war and posthumously awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is a decoration bestowed by the President of the United States and is along with the equivalent Congressional Gold Medal bestowed
Shortly after her death at the age of 33, Gable (who was inconsolable and devastated by her loss) joined the United States Army Air Forces, serving as a gunner on a bomber on combat missions over Europe. The United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF) was the military aviation arm of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II. The Liberty ship SS Lombard was named for her and Gable attended its launch on January 15, 1944. History and service In 1936 the American Merchant Marine Act was passed to subsidize the annual construction of 50 commercial merchant vessels to be used in wartime by Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Lombard's final film, To Be or Not to Be, directed by Ernst Lubitsch and co-starring Jack Benny, a satire about Nazism and World War II, was in post-production at the time of her death. To Be or Not to Be is a 1942 Comedy film directed by Ernst Lubitsch, about a troupe of actors in Nazi -occupied Warsaw who Ernst Lubitsch ( January 28, 1892 – November 30, 1947) was a German -born Jewish Film director. Jack Benny (born Benjamin Kubelsky February 14, 1894 - December 26, 1974) was an American Comedian, vaudevillian Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including See also Filmmaking Post-production occurs in the making of motion pictures, television programs, Videos audio recordings The film's producers decided to cut the part of the film in which her character asks "What can happen in a plane?" as they felt it was in poor taste, given the circumstances of Lombard's death. A similar editing instance happened when the 1940 Warner Brothers cartoon A Wild Hare was reissued. A Wild Hare (re-released as The Wild Hare) is a Warner Bros Merrie Melodies Animated Short film. Lombard's name was originally mentioned in a game of "Guess Who" between Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd, but all reissue prints have the name dubbed over with Barbara Stanwyck's. Clyde Rabbit (uncleMrs Bugs Bunny (wifePapa Bunny (fatherMama Bunny (motherRugs Bunny Elmer J Fudd is a fictional Cartoon character and one of the most famous Looney Tunes characters Barbara Stanwyck ( July 16, &ndash January 20,) was an American actress, a star of film and television known during her 60-year career as a
On January 18, 1942, Jack Benny did not perform his usual program, both out of respect for Lombard and grief at her death. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Jack Benny (born Benjamin Kubelsky February 14, 1894 - December 26, 1974) was an American Comedian, vaudevillian Instead, he devoted his program to an all-music format.
At the time of her death, Lombard had been scheduled to star in the film They All Kissed The Bride; when production started, her role was given to Joan Crawford. Joan Crawford (born Lucille Fay LeSueur; ( March 23, 1905 - May 10, 1977) Crawford was signed to a motion picture Aware that she had received the role only because of Lombard's death, Crawford donated all of her pay for this film to the Red Cross.
Lombard is interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California. Forest Lawn Memorial Park is a privately-owned Cemetery in Glendale, Los Angeles, in the United States. Glendale ( is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The name on her crypt marker is "Carole Lombard Gable". Although Gable remarried, he was interred next to her when he died in 1960. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He always felt responsible for her death. Her mother, Elizabeth Peters, who also perished in the plane crash that killed her daughter, was interred on the other side of her.
Awards and honors
In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Lombard 23rd on its list of the 50 greatest American female screen legends. The American Film Institute ( AFI) is an independent Non-profit organization created by the National Endowment for the Arts, which was established in 1967 Part of the AFI 100 Years series, AFI's 100 Years 100 Stars is a list of the top 50 stars of American cinema She received one Academy Award for Best Actress nomination, for My Man Godfrey. Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, at 6930 Hollywood Blvd. The Hollywood Walk of Fame is a Sidewalk along Hollywood Boulevard and Vine Street in Hollywood Los Angeles California, USA, that
Lombard's Fort Wayne childhood home has been designated a historic landmark. The city named the nearby bridge over the St. Mary's River the "Carole Lombard Memorial Bridge. "
Filmography
Features
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Short subjects
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References
- ^ The Bahá'í World 1940-1944 pp. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 635. Bahá'í Publishing Trust, Wilmette.
- ^ MacBride, Joseph. Frank Capra, The Catastrophe of Success. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2000. P. 303. ISBN.
External links
- Carole Lombard at the Internet Movie Database
- Carole Lombard at the TCM Movie Database
- Carole Lombard: Biographie, filmographie, galerie, etc. (French)
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Lombard, Carole |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Peters, Jane Alice |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | actress |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 6, 1908 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Fort Wayne, Indiana |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 16, 1942 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | near Las Vegas, Nevada |
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