Carnuntum (Καρνοιις in Ptolemy) was an important Roman army camp in what is now Austria. Centurion redirects here This article is about the Roman soldier Claudius Ptolemaeus ( Greek: Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; after 83 &ndash ca The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich It belonged originally to Noricum province, but after the 1st century was part of Pannonia. Noricum, in ancient Geography, was a Celtic kingdom (perhaps better described as a federation of by tradition twelve tribes stretching over the area of The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. Pannonia is an ancient province of the Roman Empire bounded north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, Its remains are on the main road halfway between Vienna and Bratislava, on the "Archaeological Park Carnuntum" in Lower Austria, extending over the area of today's villages Petronell-Carnuntum and Bad Deutsch-Altenburg. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. ARTICLE TEXT BEGINS AFTER THESE COMMENTS - PLEASE READ 1 Please do not edit the lead without reading Lower Austria (Niederösterreich is one of the nine states or Bundesländer in Austria. Petronell-Carnuntum is a community of Bruck an der Leitha in Austria. Bad Deutsch-Altenburg is a town in the district of Bruck an der Leitha in Lower Austria in Austria.
Contents |
History
Carnuntum originated as a Roman army camp. Its name is nearly always found with "K" on monuments, and is derived from Kar, Karn ("rock", "cairn"). Its name first occurs in history during the reign of Augustus (6), when Tiberius made it his base of operations in the campaigns against Maroboduus (Marbod). Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Year 6 ( VI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (or Tiberius I) born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16 42 BC – March 16 AD 37) was the second Roman Marbod or Maroboduus (born c in 30 BC died in AD 37 was king of the Marcomanni. Significant Romanization occurred when the town was selected as the garrison of the Legio XV Apollinaris. Legio XV Apollinaris ("devoted to Apollo " was a Roman legion. A few years later it became the centre of the Roman fortifications along the Danube from Vindobona (now Vienna) to Brigetio (Ó-Szőny). The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj Vindobona was originally a Celtic settlement and later a Roman military camp on the site of the modern city of Vienna. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Under Trajan or Hadrian, Carnuntum became the permanent quarters of Legio XIV Gemina. Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan ( September 18 53 &ndash August 9 117) was a Roman Emperor who Publius Aelius Hadrianus (January 24 76 &ndash July 10 138 as emperor Imperator Caesar Divi Traiani filius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, and Divus Hadrianus after
It was also a very old market for the amber brought to Italy from the north; the main arm of the Amber Road crossed the Danube at Carnuntum. Amber is Fossil tree Resin, which is appreciated for its color and beauty Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Amber Road was an ancient Trade route for the transfer of Amber. It was created a municipium by Hadrian (Aelium Carnuntum). Marcus Aurelius resided there for three years (172-175) during the war against the Marcomanni, and wrote part of his Meditations. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (often referred to as "the wise" ( April 26, 121 – March 17, 180) was Roman Emperor Marcomanni were a Germanic tribe, probably related to the Buri, Suebi or Suevi Meditations (Τὰ εἰς ἑαυτόν Ta eis heauton, literally "thoughts/writings addressed to himself" is the title of a series of personal writings Septimius Severus, at the time governor of Pannonia, was proclaimed emperor there by the soldiers (193). Lucius Septimius Severus (or rarely Severus I) ( April 11 145 - February 4 211) was a Roman general and Roman Emperor In the 4th century, it was destroyed by Germanic invaders. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century Although partly restored by Valentinian I, it never regained its former importance, and Vindobona became the chief military centre. Flavius Valentinianus, known in English as Valentinian I, ( 321 - November 17, 375) was Roman Emperor from 364 until his death Carnuntum was finally destroyed by the Hungarians in the Middle Ages. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic
Today
The "Archaeological Park Carnuntum" is divided into three parts
Civilian city
The remains of the civilian city extend around the village Petronell-Carnuntum. Petronell-Carnuntum is a community of Bruck an der Leitha in Austria. There are several places to see in the civilian city: Roman city quarter in the open-air museum, palace ruins, amphitheatre, and "Heidentor". An amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is an open-air venue for spectator sports concerts rallies or theatrical performances
The Roman city quarter was a peripheral part of the former civilian city. The ruins are exposed in the open-air museum directly in the present village. One of the ancient houses, called The House of Lucius, is being rebuilt using traditional techniques. It is to be opened to the public on 1 June 2006. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
The center (forum) of the civilian city was next to the palace ruins, also referred to as large public baths. The Forum was the public space in the middle of a Roman city It had a great social importance and was often the scene of diverse activities including political discussions Public baths originated from a communal need for cleanliness Often the term public is misleading to some people as they will have restrictions based upon who can use the facility
Some way outside the city was the large amphitheatre, which had room for about 15,000 spectators. A plate with an inscription at the place claims that this was the 4th largest amphitheatre of the whole Roman Empire.
The huge "Heidentor" (Heathens' Gate) was erected between 354 AD and 361 AD as a triumphal monument for Emperor Constantius II. Events By Place Roman Empire Constantius Gallus, Caesar of the East is deposed and executed on orders of Constantius II Events By Place Roman Empire Julian the Apostate becomes Roman Emperor, and tries to restore paganism in the empire Flavius Iulius Constantius, known in English as Constantius II ( 7 August, 317 - November 3, 361) was a Roman Emperor
Military city
The only remaining monument of the military city is its amphitheatre. An amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is an open-air venue for spectator sports concerts rallies or theatrical performances It was located just outside of the fortified military camp. Today, a small adjacent museum shows the history of the gladiators. Gladiators (gladiatores "swordsmen" or "one who uses a sword" from la ''gladius'' "sword" were professional fighters in Ancient Rome who fought
Museum Carnuntinum
The archaeological museum Carnuntinum lies in the present village Bad Deutsch-Altenburg, almost on the bank of the Danube river. Bad Deutsch-Altenburg is a town in the district of Bruck an der Leitha in Lower Austria in Austria. The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj The most important excavations from the ancient city can be seen here.
In fiction
Guido von List was so impressed with the ruins that he based his first novel on the subject. Guido Karl Anton List, better known as Guido von List ( October 5, 1848, in Vienna, &ndash May 17, 1919, in Another novel, Household Gods, is set in Carnuntum during the reign of Marcus Aurelius. Household Gods is a Science fiction /time-travel Novel written by Harry Turtledove and Judith Tarr. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (often referred to as "the wise" ( April 26, 121 – March 17, 180) was Roman Emperor
References
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
External links
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic