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Carmen María Argibay (born 15 June 1939 in Buenos Aires) is a member of the Argentine Supreme Court of Justice. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. The Supreme Court of Argentina (in Spanish, Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación) is the highest Court of Law of the Argentine She was the first woman to be nominated for the Court by a democratic government in Argentina, and caused some controversy upon declaring herself an atheist and a supporter of legal abortion. Atheism An

Career prior to the Supreme Court

Argibay studied at the Law Faculty of the University of Buenos Aires, becoming a lawyer on 11 June 1964. The University of Buenos Aires (in Spanish Universidad de Buenos Aires - ( UBA) is the largest University in Argentina, founded on August Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. She worked in a number of public judicial offices and taught in several universities, until 1976. On 24 March of that year, a coup d'état started the dictatorship of the National Reorganization Process. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland The National Reorganization Process (in Spanish, Proceso de Reorganización Nacional, often simply El Proceso) was the name used by its leaders The military junta had her arrested, without formal charges, and held her in prison until December. After being released she devoted herself to private law practice.

After the return of democratic rule, on 7 June 1984, she was appointed judge in a criminal court in Buenos Aires. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) She was promoted in 1988 and again in 1993, and finally retired from her post on 1 January 2002. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.

Argibay is a member of the International Association of Penal Law, and a founding member of the International Association of Women Judges, which she presided from 1998 to 2000. She also founded the Association of Women Judges of Argentina.

She took part as a judge in the Women's International War Crimes Tribunal on Japan's Military Sexual Slavery, which gathered in December 2000 to try Japanese military for war crimes, particularly on the issue of "comfort women". War crimes are "violations of the laws or customs of war" including but not limited to "murder the ill-treatment or deportation of civilian residents of an occupied Comfort women is a Euphemism for women forced into Prostitution and Sexual slavery for Japanese military brothels during World War

In June 2001 she was appointed ad litem judge at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). Ad litem is a term used in Law to refer to a party appointed by a court to act in a lawsuit on behalf of another party—for instance a child or an incapacitated The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991

Nomination to the Supreme Court

Argibay was one the first Justices who entered the Argentine Supreme Court when President Néstor Kirchner started to push for its renewal. The President of Argentina (full title President of the Argentine Nation, Spanish: Presidente de la Nación Argentina) is the Head of state Néstor Carlos Kirchner Ostoić (born February 25, 1950) was the President of Argentina from May 25, 2003 until December She was proposed by the President, for the consideration of professional circles and of the public at large, on 30 December 2003. Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Senate approved her designation on 7 July 2004. The Argentine Senate is the upper house of parliament in Argentina. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " She became a member of the Court on 3 February 2005, once she was able to step down from her duties at the ICTY. Events 1112 - Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona and Douce I of Provence marry uniting the fortunes of those two states Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. She was the first woman ever nominated by a democratic government for a post of the highest court of law of Argentina (Elena Highton, the second, was nominated afterwards, but entered the Court earlier). Elena Inés Highton de Nolasco (b Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires Province) is an Argentine lawyer judge and a member of Supreme Court of Justice of Argentina

Argibay's nomination met resistance from some sectors of society, particularly conservative sectors of the Roman Catholic Church, after she went on record stating that she was (politically) "more left than right", a "militant atheist", and supported "the right of women to decide about their own bodies". Conservatism is a term used to describe political philosophies that favour Tradition, where tradition refers to various religious cultural or nationally defined In Politics, right-wing, the political right, and the Right are positions that uphold traditional values and/or authorities Atheism Overview See also Ethical aspects of abortion Pro-choice advocates emphasize their beliefs that having a child is a personal choice that affects a woman's body and Most Argentinians are religious, and 85% are nominally Roman Catholic; abortion is illegal in Argentina except for a few, very restricted cases. Abortion in Argentina is strictly limited by law As of 2008, the Argentine Penal Code establishes severe sanctions for those who cause Abortion, either

When the nomination was made public, a number of conservative voices criticized her for her atheism and her stance on abortion; a Catholic organization complained that Argibay, who is single and childless, was "not representative of Argentine women". To these criticisms, Argibay replied: "I believe that saying up front who one is or what one thinks is an indication of honesty, which is the first step towards impartiality. My beliefs, or lack thereof, should not interfere in the judicial decisions I take. "

Argibay was awarded the 2007 Gruber International Justice Prize (shared with Chilean judge Carlos Cerda and Peruvian lawyer Mónica Feria) for her promotion of gender equality and eliminating corruption within the justice system. [1]



References

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