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Carl Barks

Carl Barks visiting Finland in June, 1994
Born March 27, 1901 (1901-03-27)
Merrill, OR
Died August 25, 2000 (aged 99)
Grants Pass, OR
Nationality American
Area(s) artist, writer
Notable works full list
Awards full list

Carl Barks (March 27, 1901 – August 25, 2000) was a famous Disney Studio illustrator and comic book creator, who invented Duckburg and many of its inhabitants, such as Scrooge McDuck (1947), Gladstone Gander (1948), the Beagle Boys (1951), Gyro Gearloose (1952), Flintheart Glomgold (1956) and Magica De Spell (1961). Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Merrill is a city in Klamath County, Oregon, United States. The population was 897 at the 2000 census Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Events 1248 - The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III the 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Grants Pass is a city in and the County seat of Josephine County, Oregon, United States. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1248 - The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III the 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative Duckburg is a Fictional city which appears in Walt Disney 's Comic books and animated projects Scrooge McDuck or Uncle Scrooge is a fictional Gladstone Gander is a Walt Disney Fictional character created by comic artist and writer Carl Barks for Western Publishing. The Beagle Boys are a group of Fictional characters from the Scrooge McDuck universe loosely based on the popular image of Ma Barker and the Barker-Karpis Gyro Gearloose is a Fictional character, an anthropomorphic Chicken created by Carl Barks for The Walt Disney Company. Flintheart Glomgold is a Fictional character in Disney Comic books, one of Scrooge McDuck 's main rivals who holds the title of The Second Magica De Spell is a Fictional character of the Scrooge McDuck universe, a Witch created by Carl Barks. The quality of his scripts and drawings earned him the nick names The Duck Man and The Good Duck Artist. Fellow comic writer Will Eisner called him "the Hans Christian Andersen of comic books. William Erwin Eisner ( March 6, 1917 – January 3, 2005) was an acclaimed American Comics Writer, Artist and Hans Christian Andersen (ˈhanˀs ˈkʰʁæʂd̥jan ˈɑnɐsn̩ in Danish or simply H "[1]

Contents

Biography

Barks was born in Merrill, Oregon to William Barks and his wife Arminta Johnson. Merrill is a city in Klamath County, Oregon, United States. The population was 897 at the 2000 census He had an older brother named Clyde. His paternal grandfather was named David Barks and his maternal grandparents were Carl Johnson and his wife Suzanna Massey, but little else is known about his ancestors.

Childhood

According to Carl's description of his childhood, he was a rather lonely child. His parents owned one square mile (2. 6 km²) of land that served as their farm. The nearest neighbor lived half a mile (800 m) away, but he was more an acquaintance to Barks' parents than a friend. The closest school was about two miles (3 km) away and Carl had to walk that distance every day. The rural area had few children, though, and Barks later remembered that his school had only about eight or ten students including him.

The lessons lasted from nine o'clock in the morning to four o'clock in the afternoon and then he had to return to the farm. There he remembered not having anybody to talk to, as his parents were busy and he had little in common with his brother.

In 1908, William Barks (in an attempt to increase the family income) moved with his family to Midland, Oregon, some miles north of Merrill, to be closer to the railway lines that were new at the time. Midland is an unincorporated community in Klamath County, Oregon, United States, about eight miles south of Klamath Falls on He established a new stock-breeding farm and sold his produce to the local slaughterhouses.

Nine-year-old Clyde and seven-year-old Carl worked long hours there. But Carl later remembered that the crowd which gathered at Midland's market place made a strong impression on him. This was expected, as he wasn't used to crowds up until then. According to Carl, his attention was mostly drawn to the cowboys that frequented the market with their revolvers, strange nicknames for each other and sense of humor. A cowboy is an animal Herder who tends Cattle on Ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback and often performs a multitude of rEVOLVEr is the fourth studio album by Swedish metal band The Haunted.

By 1911, they had been successful enough to move to Santa Rosa, California. Santa Rosa is the County seat of Sonoma County California, United States There they started cultivating vegetables and set up some orchards. Unfortunately, the profits were not as high as William expected and they started having financial difficulties. William's anxiety over them was probably what caused his first nervous break down.

As soon as William recovered, he made the decision to move back to Merrill. The year was 1913, and Carl was already twelve years old; but, due to the constant moving, he had not yet managed to complete grade school. He resumed his education at this point and finally managed to graduate in 1916.

1916 served as a turning point in Carl's life for various reasons. First, Arminta, his mother, died in this year. Second, his hearing problems, which had already appeared earlier, had at the time become severe enough for him to have difficulties listening to his teachers talking. His hearing would continue to get worse later, but at that point he had not yet acquired a hearing aid. Later in life, he couldn't do without one. Third, the closest high school to their farm was five miles (8 km) away and even if he did enlist in it, his bad hearing was likely to contribute to his learning problems. He had to decide to stop his school education, much to his disappointment. At the time he was a rather shy, melancholic, introverted and gangly teenager. He wouldn't be much different later in life.

From job to job

Barks started taking various jobs but had little success in such occupations as a farmer, woodcutter, turner, mule driver, cowboy and printer. At the same time he interacted with colleagues, fellow breadwinners who had satirical disposition towards even their worst troubles. Carl later said he was sure that if not for a little humor in their troubled lives, they would certainly go insane. It was an attitude towards life that Carl would adopt. Later he would say it was natural for him to satirize the secret yearnings and desires, the pompous style and the disappointments of his characters. According to Carl this period of his life would later influence his best known fictional characters: Donald Duck and Scrooge McDuck. Donald Duck is a cartoon character from The Walt Disney Company. Scrooge McDuck or Uncle Scrooge is a fictional

Donald's drifting from job to job was reportedly inspired by Carl's own experiences. So was his usual lack of success. And even in those that he was successful this would be temporary, just until a mistake or chance event caused another failure, another disappointment for the frustrated duck. Carl also reported that this was another thing he was familiar with.

Scrooge's main difference to Donald, according to Carl, was that he too had faced the same difficulties in his past but through intelligence, determination and hard work, he was able to overcome them. Or as Scrooge himself would say to Huey, Dewey and Louie: by being "tougher than the toughies and smarter than the smarties. Huey, Dewey, and Louie Duck are a trio of Ducks who appear in Animated cartoons and Comic books published by The Walt Disney Company " Even in the present of his stories Scrooge would work to solve his many problems, even though the stories would often point out that his constant efforts seemed futile at the end. In addition, Scrooge was quite similar to his creator in appearing often to be as melancholic, introspective and secretive as he was.

Through both characters Carl would often exhibit his rather sarcastic sense of humor. It seems that this difficult period for the artist helped shape many of his later views in life that were expressed through his characters.

Professional artist

At the same time Carl had started thinking about turning a hobby that he always enjoyed into a profession: that of drawing. Since his early childhood he spent his free time by drawing on any material he could find. He had attempted to improve his style by copying the drawings of his favorite comic strip artists from the newspapers where he could find them. A comic strip is a sequence of drawings that tells a story Currently in the Western world, most comic strips are written and drawn by a Comics artist As he later said, he wanted to create his own facial expressions, figures and comical situations in his drawings but wanted to study the master comic artists' use of the pen and their use of color and shading.

Among his early favorites were Winsor McCay (mostly known for Little Nemo) and Frederick Burr Opper (mostly known for Happy Hooligan) but he would later study any style that managed to draw his attention. Winsor McCay ( September 26 1867 (? – July 26 1934) was an American Cartoonist and Animator. Little Nemo is the main Fictional character in a series of weekly Comic strips by Winsor McCay (1871-1934 that appeared in the New York Herald Frederick Burr Opper ( January 2, 1857 - August 27, 1937) is considered one of the pioneers of U Happy Hooligan was a popular and influential early American Comic strip by Frederick Burr Opper.

At sixteen he was mostly self-taught but at this point he decided to take some lessons through correspondence. He only followed the first four lessons and then had to stop because his working left him with little free time. But as he later said, the lessons proved very useful in improving his style.

By December 1918, he left his father's home to attempt to find a job in San Francisco, California. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city He worked for a while in a small publishing house while attempting to sell his drawings to newspapers and other printed material with little success.

First marriage

While he continued drifting through various jobs, he met Pearl Turner (1904-1987). In 1921 they married and had two children:

In 1923 he returned to his paternal farm in Merrill in an attempt to return to the life of a farmer, but that ended soon. He continued searching for a job while attempting to sell his drawings. He soon managed to sell some of them to Judge magazine and then started having success submitting to the Minneapolis-based Calgary-Eye-Opener, a racy men's magazine of the era. He was eventually hired as editor and scripted and drew most of the contents while continuing to sell occasional work to other magazines. His salary of 90 dollars a month was considered respectable enough for the time. A facsimile of one of the racy magazines he did cartoons for in this period, Coo Coo #1, was published by Hamilton Comics in 1997.

Meanwhile he had his first divorce. He and Pearl were separated in 1929 and divorced in 1930. After he moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota where "Calgary-Eye-Opener" had its offices he met Clara Balken who in 1938 became his second wife.

Disney

In November 1935, when he learned that Walt Disney was seeking more artists for his Studio, Carl decided to apply. Walter Elias Disney (December 5 1901 – December 15 1966 was a multiple Academy Award -winning American Film producer, director, Screenwriter He was approved for a try-out which entailed a move to Los Angeles, California. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Carl was one of two in his class of trainees who was hired. His starting salary was 20 dollars a week. He started at Disney Studios in 1935, more than a year after the debut of Donald Duck on June 9, 1934 in the short The Wise Little Hen. Donald Duck is a cartoon character from The Walt Disney Company. Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Wise Little Hen is a Walt Disney 's Silly Symphonies Cartoon, based on the fairy tale The Little Red Hen.

Carl initially worked as an "inbetweener". This involved being teamed and supervised by one of the head animators who did the key poses of character action (often known as extremes) for which the imbetweeners did the drawings between the extremes to provide smoothness to the illusion of movement. While an inbetweener, Carl submitted gag ideas for cartoon storylines being developed and showed such a knack for creating comical situations that by 1936 he was transferred to the story department.

In 1937 when Donald Duck became the star of his own series of cartoons instead of co-starring with Mickey Mouse and Goofy as previously, a new unit of storymen and animators was created devoted solely to this series. Mickey Mouse is a comic animal Cartoon character who has become an icon for The Walt Disney Company. Goofy is an Animated cartoon character from Walt Disney 's Mickey Mouse universe. Though he originally just contributed gag ideas to some duck cartoons by 1937 Barks was (principally with partner Jack Hannah) originating story ideas that were storyboarded and (if approved by Walt) put into production. Jack Hannah ( January 13, 1913 - June 11, 1994) was an animator writer and director of animated shorts He collaborated on such cartoons as Donald's Nephews (1938), Donald's Cousin Gus (1939), Mr. Duck Steps Out (1940),Timber (1941), The Vanishing Private (1942) and The Plastics Inventor (1944). Donald's Nephews ( 1938) is a Donald Duck cartoon which features Donald visited by his three nephews Huey Dewey and Louie Donald's Cousin Gus is a 1939 Walt Disney cartoon in which Donald Duck is visited by his gluttonous cousin Gus Goose, who proceeds to eat Mr Duck Steps Out is a Donald Duck cartoon made by The Walt Disney Company. Lumber or timber is Wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural Material for Construction, or The Vanishing Private is a 1942 Animated cartoon by the Walt Disney Studios, starring Donald Duck in the World War II years

The Good Duck Artist

Omelet opening page
Omelet opening page

Unhappy at the emerging wartime working conditions at Disney plus bothered by ongoing sinus problems caused by the studio's air conditioning, Barks quit in 1942. Shortly before quitting, he moonlighted as a comic book artist, contributing half the artwork for a one-shot comic book (the other half of the art being done by story partner Jack Hannah) titled Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold. A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative Jack Hannah ( January 13, 1913 - June 11, 1994) was an animator writer and director of animated shorts Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold is a Comic book starring Donald Duck that was originally printed in Four Color #9 (the first This 64 page story was adapted by Donald Duck comic strip writer Bob Karp from an unproduced feature, and published in October 1942 in [Dell] Four Color Comics #9. Robert Louis Karp (1911-1975 was an American Comics writer He began working for the Walt Disney Company in the 1930s and from 1938 to 1974 he wrote Four Color, also known as Four Color Comics and One Shots, was an extremely prolific American Comic book It was the first Donald Duck story originally produced for an American comic book and also the first involving Donald and his nephews in a treasure hunting expedition, in this case for the treasure of Henry Morgan. Admiral Sir Henry Morgan (Hari Morgan in Welsh) ( ca 1635 &ndash August 25, 1688) was a Welsh Privateer, who made a name Barks would later use the treasure hunting theme in many of his stories.

After quitting the Studio, Barks relocated to the Hemet/San Jacinto area in the semi-desert inland empire region east of Los Angeles where he hoped to start a chicken farm. Hemet is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. San Jacinto is a city in Riverside County, California, USA As of the 2000 census, the city population was 23779

(When asked which of his stories was a favorite in several interviews Barks cited the 10 pager in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #146 (Nov. 1952) in which Donald tells the story of the chain of unfortunate events that took place when he owned a chicken farm in a town which subsequently was re-named Omelet. Likely one reason it was a favorite is that it was inspired by Barks' own experiences in the poultry business. )

But to earn a living in the meantime he inquired whether Western Publishing, which had published Pirate Gold, had any need for artists for Donald Duck comic book stories. Western Publishing, also known as "Western Printing and Lithographing Co He was immediately assigned to illustrate the script for a 10 page Donald Duck story for the monthly Walt Disney's Comics and Stories. Walt Disney's Comics and Stories (WDC or WDC&S for short is an Anthology Comic book that has an assortment of Disney characters including At the publisher's invitation he revised the storyline and the improvements impressed the editor sufficiently to invite Barks try his hand at contributing both the script and the artwork of his follow-up story. This set the pattern for Barks' career in that (with rare exceptions) he provided art (pencil, inking, solid blacks and lettering) and scripting for his stories.

The Victory Garden, that initial 10 page story published in April, 1943 was the first of about 500 stories featuring the Disney ducks Barks would produce for Western Publishing over the next three decades, well into his purported retirement. The Victory Garden is the first ten page Comic book story starring Donald Duck that was done by Carl Barks. These can be mostly divided into two categories:

He surrounded Donald Duck and nephews Huey, Dewey and Louie with a cast of eccentric and colorful characters, such as the aforementioned Scrooge McDuck—the wealthiest duck in the world, Gladstone Gander—Donald's obscenely lucky cousin, inventor Gyro Gearloose, the persistent Beagle Boys, the sorceress Magica De Spell, Scrooge's rivals Flintheart Glomgold and John D. Rockerduck, Daisy's nieces April, May and June, Donald's neighbour Jones, and The Junior Woodchucks organization. Huey, Dewey, and Louie Duck are a trio of Ducks who appear in Animated cartoons and Comic books published by The Walt Disney Company Scrooge McDuck or Uncle Scrooge is a fictional For duck as a food see Duck (food; for other meanings see Duck (disambiguation. Gladstone Gander is a Walt Disney Fictional character created by comic artist and writer Carl Barks for Western Publishing. Gyro Gearloose is a Fictional character, an anthropomorphic Chicken created by Carl Barks for The Walt Disney Company. The Beagle Boys are a group of Fictional characters from the Scrooge McDuck universe loosely based on the popular image of Ma Barker and the Barker-Karpis Magica De Spell is a Fictional character of the Scrooge McDuck universe, a Witch created by Carl Barks. Flintheart Glomgold is a Fictional character in Disney Comic books, one of Scrooge McDuck 's main rivals who holds the title of The Second John D Rockerduck is a Fictional character from the Scrooge McDuck Universe. April May and June Duck are a trio of Walt Disney 's Comic book characters In Disney 's fictional universe The Junior Woodchucks are the Boy Scouts of America -like youth organization to which Donald Duck 's nephews Huey Dewey

People who work for Disney generally do so in relative anonymity; the stories only carry Walt Disney's name and (sometimes) a short identification number. Walter Elias Disney (December 5 1901 – December 15 1966 was a multiple Academy Award -winning American Film producer, director, Screenwriter However, through the sheer quality of his work, people started realizing that a lot of the stories were written by one person, whom they started referring to as the Good Duck Artist. Later it was discovered that the Good Duck Artist went by the name of Carl Barks.

Barks' stories (whether humorous adventures or domestic comedies) often exhibited a wry, dark irony born of hard experience. The 10 pagers showcased Donald as everyman, struggling against the cruel bumps and bruises of everyday life with the nephews often acting as a Greek chorus commenting on the unfolding disasters Donald wrought upon himself. The Greek chorus ( choros) is believed to have grown out of the Greek Dithyrambs and Tragikon drama in tragic plays of the ancient Yet while seemingly defeatist in tone the humanity of the characters shines through in their persistence despite the obstacles. These stories found popularity not only among young children but adults as well. Despite the fact that Barks had done little traveling his adventure stories often had the duck clan globetrotting to the most remote or spectacular of locations. This allowed Barks to indulge his penchant for elaborate backgrounds that hinted at his thwarted ambitions of doing realistic stories in the vein of Harold Foster's Prince Valiant. Prince Valiant in the Days of King Arthur, or simply Prince Valiant, is a Comic strip created by Hal Foster.

Third marriage

As Barks blossomed creatively, his marriage to Clara deteriorated (this is the period referred to in Barks' famed quip that he could feel his creative juices flowing while the whiskey bottles hurled at him by a tipsy Clara flew by his head) and they were divorced in 1951. It was his second and last divorce. In this period Barks dabbled in fine art, exhibiting paintings at local art shows. It was at one of these in 1952 he became acquainted with fellow exhibitor Margaret Wynnfred Williams (1917 to March 10, 1993), nicknamed Garé, a landscape artist. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Her nickname appears as a store name in the story "Christmas in Duckburg", featured on page 1 of Walt Disney’s Christmas Parade #9, published in 1958. She soon started helping him, handling the solid blacks and lettering (both of which Barks had found onerous). They married in 1954 and their marriage lasted till her death.

Later life

Carl Barks retired in 1966 but was persuaded by editor Chase Craig to script stories for Western. The last new comic book story drawn by Carl Barks was a Daisy Duck tale (The Dainty Daredevil) published in Walt Disney Comics Digest issue 5 (Nov. Daisy Duck is one of Walt Disney 's Cartoon and Comic book characters Walt Disney Comics Digest was one of three Digest size comics published by Gold Key Comics in the early 1970s 1968). When bibliographer Michael Barrier asked Barks about why he drew it, Barks' vague recollection was no one was available and he was asked to do it as a favor by editor Chase Craig.

He wrote one Uncle Scrooge story, three Donald Duck stories and from 1970-1974 was the main writer for the Junior Woodchucks comic book (issues 6 through 25). In Disney 's fictional universe The Junior Woodchucks are the Boy Scouts of America -like youth organization to which Donald Duck 's nephews Huey Dewey The latter included environmental themes that Barks first explored in 1957 ["Land of the Pygmy Indians", Uncle Scrooge #18]. Barks also sold a few sketches to Western that were redrawn as covers. For a time they lived in Goleta, California before returning to the inland empire by moving to Temecula. Temecula is a city in southwestern Riverside County, California, United States.

At the urging of fan Glenn Bray, Barks requested and obtained permission from Disney to produce and sell oil paintings of scenes from his stories. These paintings quickly became highly sought after and their price rocketed much to Barks' astonishment.

Ode to the Disney Ducks

They ride tall ships to the far away,
and see the long ago.
They walk where fabled people trod,
and Yetis trod the snow.

They meet the folks who live on stars,
and find them much like us,
With food and love and happiness the
things they most discuss.

The world is full of clans and cults
abuzz as angry bees,
And Junior Woodchucks snapping jeers
at Littlest Chickadees.

The ducks show us that part of life
is to forgive a slight.
That black eyes given in revenge
keep hatred burning bright.

So when our walks in sun or shade
pass graveyards filled by wars,
It's nice to stop and read of ducks
whose battles leave no scars.

To read of ducks who parody
our vain attempts at glory,
They don't exist, but somehow leave
us glad we bought their story.

Carl Barks – 1999

In 1976 Carl and Garé attended their first comic book convention, New Con in Boston. Among the other attendees was famed Little Lulu comic book scripter John Stanley; despite both having worked for Western Publishing this was the first time they met. Little Lulu is a Comic strip character created by Marjorie Henderson Buell. John Stanley ( March 22, 1914 &ndash November 11, 1993) was a comic book creator best known for his scripting of Little Lulu Western Publishing, also known as "Western Printing and Lithographing Co The highlight of the convention was the auctioning of what was to that time the largest duck oil painting Barks had done, "The Fourth of July in Duckburg", which included depictions of several prominent Barks fans and collectors. It sold for a then record high amount: $6,400.

Soon thereafter a fan sold unauthorized prints of some of the Scrooge McDuck paintings, leading Disney to withdraw permission for further paintings. Scrooge McDuck or Uncle Scrooge is a fictional To meet demand for new work Barks embarked on a series of paintings of non-Disney ducks and fantasy subjects such as Beowulf and Xerxes. These were eventually collected in the limited-edition book Animal Quackers.

As the result of heroic efforts by Star Wars producer Gary Kurtz and screenwriter Edward Summer, Disney relented and in 1981, allowed Barks to do a now seminal oil painting called "Wanderers of Wonderlands" for a breakthrough limited edition book entitled "Uncle Scrooge McDuck: His Life and Times. Star Wars Episode IV A New Hope (originally released as Star Wars) is a 1977 Space opera Gary Kurtz (born July 27 1940 in Los Angeles California) is a two time Academy Award nominated Film producer whose list of credits Edward Summer has been an award winning painter motion picture director screenwriter internet publisher magazine editor journalist and science writer comic book writer novelist " The book collected 11 classic Barks stories of Uncle Scrooge colored by artist Peter Ledger along with a new Scrooge story by Barks done storybook style with watercolor illustrations, Go Slowly, Sands of Time. Peter Ledger ( 25 October, 1945, Sydney, Australia - 18 November 1994) was an Australian artist and illustrator After being turned down by every major publisher in New York City, Kurtz and Summer published the book through Celestial Arts which Kurtz acquired partly for this purpose. The book went on to become the model for virtually every important collection of comic book stories. It was the first book of its kind ever reviewed in Time Magazine and subsequently in Newsweek, and the first book review in Time Magazine with large color illustrations. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Newsweek is an American weekly Newsmagazine published in New York City. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and

In 1977 and 1982 Barks attended the legendary San Diego Comic Con. As with his appearance in Boston, the response to his presence was overwhelming, with long lines of fans waiting to meet Barks and get his autograph.

In this period Disney also licensed a series of art prints of Barks' duck paintings released by Another Rainbow, which also produced a 30 volume hardbound Carl Barks Library including all the stories (in black and white) with accompanying scholarly commentary. Barks relocated one last time to Grants Pass, Oregon near where he grew up, partly at the urging of friend and Broom Hilda artist Russell Myers who lives in the area. Grants Pass is a city in and the County seat of Josephine County, Oregon, United States. Broom-Hilda is an American newspaper Comic strip created by Russell Myers. Russell Myers (born 1938 is an American Cartoonist best known for his Newspaper Comic strip Broom-Hilda. The move also was motivated, Barks stated in another famous quip, by Temecula being too close to Disneyland and thus facilitating a growing torrent of drop-in visits by vacationing fans. In this period Barks made only one public appearance, at a comic book shop near Grants Pass.

From 1993-1998 the Carl Barks Studio guided Barks' career. This involved numerous projects and activities, including a tour of 11 European countries in 1994, Iceland being the first foreign country he ever visited, appearances at several Disneyana conventions and the release of prints of paintings along with high-end art objects (such as tiles and statutes) based on designs by Barks. Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland ( This period was unfortunately also marked by Grandey's and Morby's hostile attitude towards Don Rosa and his loyalty towards Barks' classic works. Keno Don Hugo Rosa (often just called Don Rosa) (born June 29, 1951) is a comic book writer and illustrator best known for his stories about Scrooge Before the days of Carl Barks Studio Rosa and Barks had a constructive dialog when Don Rosa worked on his Donald Duck Family Tree.

In 1997 tensions between Barks and the Studio eventually resulted in a lawsuit that was settled with an agreement that included the disbanding of the Studio. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar The following year 1998 Barks invited Don Rosa to his home in Grants Pass, Oregon. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Grants Pass is a city in and the County seat of Josephine County, Oregon, United States. Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. During this meeting which took place on August 12th 1998, the two seems to have worked things out. Other names In Arabic, the month is called أغسطسص ʾUġusṭuṣ or آب ʾĀb; usage varies from place to place and (Michael Naiman: A Journey to Duckburg, Uncle $crooge #317, januar 1999).

Austrian Artist Gottfried Helnwein curated and organized the first museum-exhibition of Carl Barks. Gottfried Helnwein (born October 8, 1948 in Vienna) is an Austrian Irish Fine artist, painter, photographer Between 1994 and 1998 the retrospective was shown in 10 European Museums and seen by more than 400 000 visitors. [4]

Final days

Still living in a new home in Grants Pass, Oregon which he and Garé had built next door to their original home, Barks died in 2000 at the age of 99 just a few months short of his 100th birthday and a couple of years after Garé passed away.

Although he was undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia he was, according to caregiver Serene Hunickle, "funny up to the end. Chemotherapy, in its most general sense refers to treatment of disease by chemicals that kill cells specifically those of micro-organisms or Cancer. Leukemia or leukaemia (Greek leukos λευκός, "white" aima αίμα, "blood" is a Cancer of the Blood "

Barks' influence

Barks' Donald Duck stories were rated #7 on Comic's Journal list of 100 top comics; his Uncle Scrooge stories were rated #20. The Comics Journal, often abbreviated TCJ, is a US magazine of news and criticism pertaining to Comic books and strips

For the opening scene of Raiders of the Lost Ark, Steven Spielberg and George Lucas have acknowledged the rolling boulder booby trap was inspired by the 1954 Carl Barks Uncle Scrooge adventure the Seven Cities of Cibola (Uncle Scrooge #7). Raiders of the Lost Ark (also known as Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark) is a 1981 Adventure film directed by Steven Steven Allan Spielberg, KBE (Hon (born December 18 1946 is an American Film director, Screenwriter and producer. George Walton Lucas Jr (born May 14, 1944) is an Academy Award -winning American Film director, producer, Screenwriter This article is about a comic book For information on the character see Scrooge McDuck. Lucas and Spielberg have also made comments that some of Barks' stories regarding space travel and the depiction of aliens had an influence on them. [2] Lucas wrote the foreword to the 1982 "Uncle Scrooge McDuck: His Life and Times". In it he calls Barks’ stories "cinematic" and "a priceless part of our literary heritage".

The Walt Disney Treasures DVD set Chronological Donald, Volume 2 includes a salute to Barks. The "Walt Disney Treasures" are two-disc DVD sets of classic Disney works covering work from the studio's earliest days to more recent work The fifth wave of Walt Disney Treasures was released on December 6 2005

Carl Barks has an asteroid named after him, 2730 Barks. Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but 2730 Barks is an asteroid discovered by Ted Bowell in 1981 The asteroid was named for Comic book artist Carl Barks who wrote " Island in the Sky " A Cornell scientist was inspired by Barks's tale "Island in the Sky".

A 1949 Donald Duck ten-pager features Donald raising a yacht from the ocean floor by filling it with ping pong balls. In December 1965 Karl Krøyer, a Dane, lifted the sunken freight vessel Al Kuwait in the Kuwait Harbor by filling the hull with 27 million tiny inflatable balls of polystyrene[5]. Polystyrene ˌpɒliˈstaɪriːn ( IUPAC Polyphenylethene is an aromatic Polymer made from the aromatic Monomer Styrene Although the suggestion is often made, Krøyer denies having been inspired by this Barks story. Some sources claim Krøyer was denied a Dutch patent registration (application number NL 6514306) for his invention on the grounds that the Barks story was a prior publication of the invention. Prior art (also known as or State of the art, which also has other meanings in most systems of Patent law constitutes all Information that However no definite proof of this story is available. [6][7] Krøyer later successfully raised another ship off Greenland using the same method, and several other sunken vessels worldwide have since been raised by modified versions of this concept. The television show MythBusters also tested this method and was able to raise a small boat. MythBusters is a Popular science Television program produced by Australian firm Beyond Television Productions originally for the

For those currently drawing Disney Duck comics, the influence of Barks cannot be overstated. For artists such as Daan Jippes and Freddy Milton, Barks' comics have made a great impact. Daan Jippes (birth name Daniel Jan Jippes, born 14 October 1945 in Amsterdam) is a Cartoonist, who has worked with Disney Freddy Milton is a Danish Comic-book writer-artist best known for his work on Disney comics, Woody Woodpecker and Gnuff.

Don Rosa, one of the currently most popular Disney artists, and possibly the one who has been most keen on connecting the various stories into a coherent universe and chronology, considers (with few exceptions) all Barks' duck stories as canon, and all others as apocryphal. Keno Don Hugo Rosa (often just called Don Rosa) (born June 29, 1951) is a comic book writer and illustrator best known for his stories about Scrooge This article is not about Literary canons of influential works of fiction but about the concept of a canon which defines the world of a particular fictional series Rosa has said that a number of novelists and movie-makers cite Carl Barks as their 'major influence and inspiration'. [3]

The popularity of Barks' work in Europe is high, and has been that way for years. When the news of Barks' passing was hardly covered by the press in America, "in Europe the sad news was flashed instantly across the airwaves and every newspaper - they realized the world had lost one of the most beloved, influential and well-known creators in international culture. "[4]

Dozens of noted comic book artists have taken up elements of Barks' style, especially his ink and pen work. In the US elements of Barks' oil painting style of the ducks were evident in the computer animated, 3-D look Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas released to video in 2005. Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas is a computer-animated Direct-to-video movie on VHS and DVD made by The Walt Disney

The video game Donald Duck Going Quackers is dedicated to the memory of Carl Barks.

Bibliography

Notable stories

Partial (up to December, 1951) chronological List of Disney comics by Carl Barks. The Old Castle's Secret is a Donald Duck story written by Carl Barks. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sheriff of Bullet Valley is a Donald Duck comic story from October 1948, written and illustrated by Carl Barks. Lost in the Andes! is a Donald Duck story written by Carl Barks in April 1949 Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Donald Duck in Old California! is a Donald Duck comic story written and illustrated by Carl Barks and first published in May 1951. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January A Christmas for Shacktown is a Donald Duck Comic strip story written by Carl Barks in January 1952. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Only A Poor Old Man is a Comic story written by Carl Barks for the first issue of Uncle Scrooge. This article is about a comic book For information on the character see Scrooge McDuck. The Golden Helmet is a Donald Duck Comic strip story written by Carl Barks in July 1952 For the DuckTales episode see Back to the Klondike (DuckTales episode. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Tralla La is a Scrooge McDuck Comic book story by Carl Barks. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) The Fabulous Philosopher's Stone is a comics story written and drawn by Carl Barks for Walt Disney, featuring Donald Duck. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) The Golden Fleecing is a Scrooge McDuck Comic book story from 1955, written and painted by Carl Barks. Land Beneath the Ground! is a Scrooge McDuck comic strip story from 1956, written by Carl Barks. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Money Well is a Scrooge McDuck comic strip story written by Carl Barks. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Golden River is a comic strip story written and drawn by Carl Barks in 1957 and first published in 1958. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Island in the Sky is a Donald Duck story written by Carl Barks in March 1960. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. North of the Yukon is a story featuring Scrooge McDuck and his nephews Donald Duck and Huey Dewey & Louie. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. This is a complete (up to December 1951 list of Disney comics by Carl Barks.

Awards

References

  1. ^ Morten Harper. Den gode tegneren, quote TEGN, 1994. tegneserier. no. (Norwegian)
  2. ^ [1], Lucas comments on the influence of Bark's style of story flow.
  3. ^ [2], Rosa's comments on Barks
  4. ^ [3], Rosa's estimation of Barks' popularity in Europe

Further reading

External links

INDUCKS or Inducks (for International Network of Disney-Universe Comic Knowers and Sources) is a freely available database aiming to index all Disney comics
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