Cardiff Arms Park
The National Stadium
Location	Cardiff, Wales
Coordinates	51°28′43″N, 3°10′57.5″W
Opened	1881
Renovated	5 October 1912, 1934, 1956, 7 April 1984
Closed	27 April 1997
Demolished	1997
Owner	Cardiff Athletic Club & WRU, from 1968 only the WRU
Surface	Grass
Construction cost	£9M
Architect	Osborne V Webb & Partners
Main contractors	G A Williamson and Andrew Scott & Co
Tenants	Cardiff RFC until 1969 Wales national rugby union team from 1964 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Capacity	65,000 (1984) 53,000 (1997)

Cardiff Arms Park
Cardiff Rugby Ground (Replaced the Cricket Ground)
Location	Cardiff, Wales
Coordinates	51°28′47″N, 3°11′1″W
Broke ground	1967
Opened	1969
Owner	Cardiff Athletic Club
Surface	Grass
Architect	Osborne V Webb & Partners
Main contractors	G A Williamson and Andrew Scott & Co
Tenants	Cardiff Blues and Cardiff RFC
Capacity	16,500 (1969)[1] 12,500 (present day)[2]

Cardiff Arms Park
Cricket Ground
Location	Cardiff, Wales
Coordinates	51°28′47″N, 3°11′1″W
Opened	1848
Closed	1966
Demolished	1966
Owner	Cardiff Athletic Club
Surface	Grass
Tenants	Glamorgan County Cricket Club and Cardiff Cricket Club
Capacity	7,000[3]

Cardiff Arms Park (Welsh: Parc yr Arfau Caerdydd), also known as The Arms Park, is a rugby union stadium situated in the centre of Cardiff, Wales. Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Cardiff Athletic Club is a multi-sport club in Cardiff, the capital city of Wales. The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU ( Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of Rugby union in Wales, recognised by the International Rugby Board A lawn is an area of recreational or amenity land planted with grass, and sometimes Clover and other plants which are maintained at a low even height Cardiff Rugby Football Club was founded in 1876 The club played their first few matches at Sophia Gardens, but soon relocated to Cardiff Arms Park, where they The Wales national rugby union team represent Wales in international The 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games were held in Cardiff, south Wales July 18-26 1958 Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Cardiff Athletic Club is a multi-sport club in Cardiff, the capital city of Wales. A lawn is an area of recreational or amenity land planted with grass, and sometimes Clover and other plants which are maintained at a low even height Cardiff Blues (Gleision Caerdydd are one of the four professional Welsh Rugby union teams Cardiff Rugby Football Club was founded in 1876 The club played their first few matches at Sophia Gardens, but soon relocated to Cardiff Arms Park, where they Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Cardiff Athletic Club is a multi-sport club in Cardiff, the capital city of Wales. A lawn is an area of recreational or amenity land planted with grass, and sometimes Clover and other plants which are maintained at a low even height Glamorgan County Cricket Club (Criced Morgannwg is one of the 18 major county clubs which make up the English and Welsh national Cricket structure Welsh ( cy Cymraeg or cy y Gymraeg, kəmˈrɑːɨɡ and {{IPA|[ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]}}, is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short A modern stadium (plural stadiums or stadia in English is a place or venue for (mostly outdoor Sports Concerts or other events consisting Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales. The history of the rugby ground starts with the first stands appearing for spectators in the ground in 1881–1882,^[4] although the Arms Park had cricket played on the site since 1848. Bleachers redirects here For the novel see Bleachers (novel. Bleachers is a term used to describe the raised tiered stands found Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap ^[3] It is today the home to two rugby union teams, the Cardiff Blues and Cardiff Rugby Football Club. Cardiff Blues (Gleision Caerdydd are one of the four professional Welsh Rugby union teams Cardiff Rugby Football Club was founded in 1876 The club played their first few matches at Sophia Gardens, but soon relocated to Cardiff Arms Park, where they ^[5]

Until 1966, the site had a cricket ground to the north and a rugby ground to the south. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The cricket ground was home to the only Welsh first-class cricket club, Glamorgan County Cricket Club. First-class cricket refers to the class of Cricket matches of three or more days scheduled duration between two sides of eleven players and officially adjudged first-class by Glamorgan County Cricket Club (Criced Morgannwg is one of the 18 major county clubs which make up the English and Welsh national Cricket structure The rugby ground was host to the British Empire and Commonwealth Games in 1958 and home to Cardiff RFC and the Wales national rugby union team. The 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games were held in Cardiff, south Wales July 18-26 1958 The Wales national rugby union team represent Wales in international From 1970, the site had two rugby union stadiums: the Cardiff Rugby Ground, which had replaced the cricket ground, and the National Stadium. The National Stadium was home to the Wales national rugby union team and it was officially opened on 7 April 1984, however by 1999 the Millennium Stadium had replaced it as the national stadium of Wales. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) The Millennium Stadium (Stadiwm y Mileniwm is the National stadium of Wales, located in the capital Cardiff. A national stadium is a Stadium that typically serves as the primary or exclusive home for one or more of a country's national representative sports teams The Cardiff Rugby Ground has remained the home of Cardiff RFC, yet the future of the rugby stadium is in doubt, with the announcement in 2007 that the Cardiff Blues will be moving to the new Cardiff City stadium in August 2009. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The new Cardiff City stadium is a 26500 all-seated ground in the Leckwith area of the city which will be the new home of Cardiff This article is about the year For the film see 2009 Lost Memories.

The site has been host to many sports, apart from rugby union and cricket; they include athletics, association football, greyhound racing, tennis,^[6] British baseball and boxing. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Greyhound racing is the Sport of Racing Greyhounds The Dogs chase a lure (traditionally an artificial Hare or Rabbit Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles) The origins of the sport known as British baseball, or sometimes as Welsh baseball date to 1892 when the governing bodies of England and Wales agreed to change the Boxing (sometimes also known as English boxing or pugilism) is a Combat sport in which two participants generally of similar weight, The site also has a bowling green to the north of Cardiff Rugby Ground, which is used by Cardiff Athletic Bowls Club, this is the bowls section of the Cardiff Athletic Club. In English garden history, a bowling green is a finely-laid close-mown and rolled stretch of flat Lawn for playing the game of Bowls, a fashion in Cardiff Athletic Club is a multi-sport club in Cardiff, the capital city of Wales. ^[7] The National Stadium also hosted many music concerts including The Rolling Stones, U2 and Michael Jackson. Michael Joseph Jackson (born August 29 1958 is an American musician entertainer and businessman

Contents 1 History 1.1 Redevelopment of 1912 1.2 New North Stand and South Stand redevelopments 1.3 The National Stadium 1.4 The Millennium Stadium 2 Cardiff Rugby Ground 3 Cardiff Athletic Bowls Club 4 Usage 4.1 Association football 4.2 Athletics (track and field) 4.3 Baseball & British baseball 4.4 Boxing 4.5 Cricket 4.6 Greyhound racing 4.7 Rugby union 4.7.1 The greatest match, the greatest try 4.8 Concerts and conferences 5 Singing tradition 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links

History

The Cardiff Arms Park site was originally called the Great Park,^[8] a swampy meadow behind the Cardiff Arms Hotel. Cardiff Arms Park was named after this hotel/pub, however by 1878, the building had been demolished. A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging usually on a short-term basis Year 1878 ( MDCCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[9]

From 1803, the Cardiff Arms Hotel and the Park had became the property of the Bute family. 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Marquess of the County of Bute, shortened in general usage to Marquess of Bute, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. ^[3][10] The Arms Park soon became a popular place for sporting events, and by 1848, Cardiff Cricket Club was using the site for its cricket matches. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap ^[3] The 3rd Marquess of Bute stipulated that the ground could only be used for "recreational purposes". John Patrick Crichton-Stuart 3rd Marquess of Bute KT ( 12 September, 1847 &ndash 9 October, 1900, landed Aristocrat, industrial ^[10] At that time Cardiff Arms Park had a cricket ground to the north and a rugby union ground to the south. Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries

1881–2 saw the first stands for spectators; it held 300 spectators and cost GB£50. ^[4] In 1890, new standing areas were constructed along the entire length of the ground, with additional stands erected in 1896. Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[11]

Redevelopment of 1912

By 1912 the Cardiff Football Ground, as it was then known, had a new south stand and temporary stands on the north, east and west ends of the ground. ^[4] The south stand was covered, while the north terrace was initially without a roof. ^[4] The improvements were partly funded by the WRU. ^[11] The opening ceremony took place on 5 October 1912, with a match between Newport RFC and Cardiff RFC. Events 869 - The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Newport Rugby Football Club is a Welsh Rugby union club based in the city of Newport, South Wales The new ground was opened by Lord Ninian Crichton-Stuart. Lieutenant-Colonel Lord Ninian Edward Crichton-Stuart ( 15 May 1883 &ndash 2 October 1915) was a British Member of Parliament ^[4] This new development increased the ground capacity to 43,000 and much improved the facilities at the ground compared to the earlier stands. ^[4][11]

In 1922 John Crichton-Stuart, 4th Marquess of Bute, had sold the entire site and it was bought by the Cardiff Arms Park Company Limited for GB£30,000, it was then leased to the Cardiff Athletic Club (cricket and rugby sections) for 99 years at a cost of £200 per annum. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. John Crichton-Stuart 4th Marquess of Bute KT ( 20 June 1881 &ndash 16 May 1947) was a Scottish peer, the son of John ^[12][13]

New North Stand and South Stand redevelopments

During 1934 the cricket pavilion had been demolished to make way for the new North Stand,^[3] which was built on the rugby union ground, costing around £20,000. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[14] However in 1941 the new North Stand and part of the west terracing had been badly damaged in the Blitz by the Luftwaffe during the Second World War. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A terrace or terracing in sporting terms refers to the traditional standing area of a sports stadium particularly in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The Blitz was the sustained bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany between 7 September 1940 and 10 May 1941 in World War II. ( German 'luftvafe is a generic German term for an Air force. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including ^[15]

At a general meeting of the Welsh Rugby Union (WRU) in June 1953, they made a decision, "That until such time as the facilities at Swansea were improved, all international matches be played at Cardiff". The Welsh Rugby Union (WRU ( Undeb Rygbi Cymru) is the governing body of Rugby union in Wales, recognised by the International Rugby Board Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Swansea ( Abertawe "mouth of the Tawe " is a city and county in Wales. ^[13] At the same time, plans were made for a new South Stand, which was estimated to cost £60,000, however the tender price came out at GB£90,000, a compromise was made, and it was decided to build a new upper South Stand costing £64,000 instead, with the Cardiff Athletic Club contributing £15,000 and the remainder coming from the WRU. Tendering is the acquisition of goods and/or services at the best possible total cost of ownership in the right quantity and quality at the right time in the right place for the direct ^[13] The new South Stand opened in 1956, in time for the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[15] This brought the overall capacity of the Arms Park up to 60,000, of which 12,800 spectators were seated and the remained standing. ^[11][15]

The Arms Park hosted the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, which was used for the athletics events, but this event caused damage to the drainage system, so much so, that other rugby unions (England, Scotland and Ireland) complained after the Games about the state of the pitch. The Rugby Football Union (RFU is the Rugby union governing body in England The Irish Rugby Football Union ( IRFU) (Cumann Rugbaí na hÉireann is the body managing Rugby union in Ireland. ^[13] The Development Committee was set up to resolve this issue on a permanent basis. They looked at various sites in Cardiff, but they all proved to be unsatisfactory. ^[13] They also could not agree a solution with the Cardiff Athletic Club, so they purchased about 80 acres of land at Island Farm in Bridgend,^[13] which was previously used as a prisoner-of-war camp. Bridgend (Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr is a town in the Country Borough of Bridgend in Wales. A prisoner-of-war camp is a site for the containment of enemy combatants captured by the enemy in time of war and is similar to an Internment camp which is used for civilian It is best known for the being the camp where the biggest escape attempt was made by German prisoners of war in Great Britain during the Second World War. See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including ^[16] Due to problems including transport issues Glamorgan County Council never gave outline planning permission for the proposals and by June 1964 the scheme was abandoned. Glamorgan or Glamorganshire (Morgannwg is one of the thirteen historic counties and a former administrative county of Wales. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. ^[13] At that stage, the cricket ground to the north was still being used by Glamorgan County Cricket Club, and the rugby union ground to the south was used by the national Wales team and Cardiff RFC. Glamorgan County Cricket Club (Criced Morgannwg is one of the 18 major county clubs which make up the English and Welsh national Cricket structure

By 7 October 1966, the first floodlit game was held at Cardiff Arms Park, a game in which Cardiff RFC beat the Barbarians by 12 points to 8. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The Barbarian Football Club, typically referred to as Barbarians and nicknamed the "Baa-Baas" is an invitational Rugby union team based in Britain ^[17]

The National Stadium

The National Stadium, which was also known as the Welsh National Rugby Ground, was designed by Osborne V Webb & Partners and built by G A Williamson & Associates of Porthcawl and Andrew Scott & Company of Port Talbot. Porthcawl is a Town on the south coast of Wales in the county borough of Bridgend, 25 miles (40 kilometres west of the Capital city, Port Talbot ( Welsh: Aberafan or Porth Talbot) is an Industrial Town in south Wales, UK, with a Population ^[18]

After agreement from the Cardiff Athletic Club, the freehold of the south ground was transferred solely to the WRU in July 1968. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[13] Work could then begin on the new National Stadium. Glamorgan County Cricket Club would move to Sophia Gardens and the cricket ground to the north would be demolished and a new rugby union stadium built for Cardiff RFC, who would move out of the south ground, allowing the National Stadium to be built, for the sole use of the national rugby union team. SWALEC Stadium is a Cricket stadium on the west bank of the River Taff in Cardiff, one mile north of Cardiff Arms Park and was originally known ^[13]

On 17 October 1970, the new North Stand and the Cardiff RFC ground was completed, the North Stand cost just over GB£1 million. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Cardiff Rugby Football Club was founded in 1876 The club played their first few matches at Sophia Gardens, but soon relocated to Cardiff Arms Park, where they ^[13] The West Stand was opened in 1977 and the new East Terrace was completed by March 1980. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) By the time the final South Stand had been completed and the Stadium officially opened on 7 April 1984, the South Stand had cost £4. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) 5M. At the start of the project, the total cost was estimated at £2. 25M, although by time it was finished in 1984, it had risen by nearly four times that amount. ^[13]

The two stadiums on the site both had approximately east-west alignment; the Cardiff Rugby Ground to the north (Castle Street) end, and the National Stadium to the south (Wood Street) end. Cardiff Rugby Football Club was founded in 1876 The club played their first few matches at Sophia Gardens, but soon relocated to Cardiff Arms Park, where they The original capacity was 65,000 but this had to be reduced in later years to 53,000 for safety reasons. 11,000 of these were on the East Terrace and the conversion to all-seater stadium would have reduced the stadium capacity still further to 47,500. All-seater stadium is the terminology applied to those sports stadia in which every spectator has a seat This capacity would have been much less than Twickenham and the other major rugby venues and also less than the demand for tickets to major events. Twickenham Stadium (usually known as just Twickenham or Twickers) is a Stadium located in Twickenham, in the London Borough of Richmond ^[19]

The first evening game to be played under floodlights was held on 4 September 1991 at 8. The broad-beamed strong artificial lights known as floodlights are often used to illuminate large or outdoor Playing fields while a sports event is being held during low-light Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. 00pm, between Wales and France. The France national rugby union team represents France in Rugby union. ^[20] The last international match to be held at the National Stadium was between Wales and England on 15 March 1997, and the last ever match that was held at the National Stadium was on 26 April 1997 between Cardiff and Swansea, Cardiff won the WRU Challenge Cup by 33 points to 26 points. The England national rugby union team represents England in Rugby union. Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh Rugby union team which plays in the Welsh Premier Division. The WRU Challenge Cup (currently known as the Konica Minolta Cup due to sponsorship or its full name of the Welsh Rugby ^[21]

The Millennium Stadium

Main article: Millennium Stadium

Just thirteen years later in 1997, the National Stadium was considered too small and did not have the facilities required of the time and it was demolished and a new stadium, the Millennium Stadium, was built in its place (completed to a north-south alignment and opened in June 1999). The Millennium Stadium (Stadiwm y Mileniwm is the National stadium of Wales, located in the capital Cardiff. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) This would become the fourth redevelopment of the Cardiff Arms Park site. ^[22] Although the Millennium Stadium is on roughly two thirds of the old National Stadium site, it is not considered to be part of Cardiff Arms Park; therefore, Cardiff Arms Park is not used in the address of the Millennium Stadium. ^[15]

Cardiff Rugby Ground

Cardiff Rugby Ground, Cardiff Arms Park
	bmibaby. com Stand Westgate Street end
	South Stand River Taff end
	South entrance The Clubhouse

Only the Cardiff Rugby Ground now use the name Cardiff Arms Park. Cardiff Rugby Ground has two main stands, the North Stand, which was renamed the bmibaby.com Stand in August 2002,^[23] and the South Stand. Bmibaby is a British Low-cost airline and a subsidiary of British Midland PLC. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Both the bmibaby. com Stand and the South Stand have terracing below seating. A terrace or terracing in sporting terms refers to the traditional standing area of a sports stadium particularly in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Reserved and free seating Seating arrangements Reserved seating: each seat is reserved for a specific ticket holder The other ends of the ground are the Westgate Street end (east), which has rows of seating below executive boxes, plus the club shop, and the River Taff end (west), which has 26 executive boxes. Luxury box or luxury suite is the North American term for a special seating section in Arenas Stadiums and other sports venues ^[24] Cardiff Rugby Ground has two main entrances, the south entrance, and the Gwyn Nicholls Memorial Gates (north entrance), which was unveiled on 26 December 1949 in honour of the Welsh international rugby player Gwyn Nicholls. Events 1481 - Battle of Westbrook - Holland defeats troops of Utrecht. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Erith Gwyn Nicholls (July 15 1874 - March 24 1939 was a Welsh Rugby union player who gained 24 caps for Wales as a centre ^[25] The Ground also has a clubhouse situated in the corner between the South Stand and the Westgate Street end.

The South Stand of the Cardiff Rugby Ground formed a complete unit with the North Stand of the National Stadium. Now the same structure of the South Stand of the Cardiff Rugby Ground is also physically attached to the North Stand of the Millennium Stadium. This section is known colloquially as Glanmor's Gap, after Glanmor Griffiths, former chair, now President of the WRU. ^[26] This came about because the WRU were unable to secure enough funding to include the North Stand in the Millennium Stadium, and the National Lottery Commission would not provide any additional funds to be used for the construction of a new ground for Cardiff RFC. The National Lottery is the largest Lottery in the United Kingdom. The Millennium Stadium was therefore built with the old reinforced concrete structure of the National Stadium (North Stand) and the new steel Millennium Stadium structure built around it. Reinforced concrete is Concrete in which reinforcement bars (" Rebars quot or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen a material that would otherwise be

There is doubt about the future of Cardiff Arms Park after 2010. For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two. It was announced on 19 September 2007, that the Cardiff Blues team were to move from Cardiff Arms Park for the season 2009–2010 to the new Cardiff City stadium at Leckwith and become tenants of Cardiff City FC. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The new Cardiff City stadium is a 26500 all-seated ground in the Leckwith area of the city which will be the new home of Cardiff Leckwith (Lecwydd is a District of Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom. Cardiff City Football Club (Clwb Pêl-droed Dinas Caerdydd is a football team based in Cardiff, Wales. Cardiff RFC Ltd, the company which runs Cardiff Blues and Cardiff RFC, still has a 15 year lease on the Arms Park, but it is not known if the small crowds, in the region of 1,000 spectators,^[27] who regularly support Cardiff RFC, would not be enough to justify remaining at the Ground. The Ground is still owned by Cardiff Athletic Club, and it is believed that Cardiff Blues pay owners Cardiff Athletic Club rent in the region of £100,000 per annum. ^[28] However, it still has the original requirement on the lease, that the land will only be used for "recreational purposes", as stipulated by the Bute family. But the Cardiff Arms Park site is a prime piece of real estate in the centre of Cardiff, which means that it may be difficult to sell the land to property developers. Real estate is a legal term (in some jurisdictions notably in the USA, United Kingdom The estimated value of the whole Arms Park site could be at least GB£15 million, although with the "recreational use" requirement, its actual value could be a lot less than that figure. ^[7] A decision by Cardiff Athletic Club on the future of Cardiff Arms Park could be made during 2008. ^[27]

The move to the new stadium is expected to improve the facilities for both players and supporters. In addition, Cardiff Blues chairman, Peter Thomas, said "A Blues move away from their traditional Cardiff Arms Park home could enable the WRU to complete the Millennium Stadium with an extra 8,000-plus fans able to see games in the (redeveloped) North Stand (Glanmor's Gap)" and "From a rugby point of view, we might attract more fans from the Valleys if we moved away from the Arms Park", Cardiff Blues currently attract an average home gate attendance of 7,369 supporters,^[29]

Cardiff Athletic Bowls Club

Cardiff Athletic Bowls Club, Cardiff Arms Park

See also: Cardiff Athletic Club

Cardiff Arms Park is best known as a rugby union stadium, however Cardiff Athletic Bowls Club (CABC) was established in 1923,^[30] and ever since then the club has used the Arms Park as its bowling club. Cardiff Athletic Club is a multi-sport club in Cardiff, the capital city of Wales. The bowls club is a section of the Cardiff Athletic Club and shares many of the facilities of the Cardiff Arms Park athletics centre. ^[31]

The Club has produced two Welsh international bowlers; Mr. C Standfast in 1937 and Mr. B Hawkins who represented Wales in the 1982 World Pairs and captained his country in 1982 and 1984. ^[30]

Usage

Association football

The Riverside Football Club, founded in 1899, played some matches at the Arms Park until 1910, when they moved to Ninian Park,^[14] and later became Cardiff City Football Club. Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Ninian Park is a football stadium in Leckwith, Cardiff, Wales. Cardiff City Football Club (Clwb Pêl-droed Dinas Caerdydd is a football team based in Cardiff, Wales.

On 31 May 1989, Wales played its first international game against West Germany at the National Stadium. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) The Wales national football team represents Wales in international men's football. The German national football team (Die deutsche Fußballnationalmannschaft From 1950 to 1990 the team was also informally called West Germany in English as since It was also the first ever international football match held in Great Britain that was watched by all-seater spectators. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands ^[32]

Athletics (track and field)

In 1958, the British Empire and Commonwealth Games were held in Cardiff. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The event has been the biggest sporting event ever held in Wales, however it would not have been possible without the financial support given by the WRU and the Cardiff Athletic Club. ^[13] Both the opening and closing ceremonies took place at Cardiff Arms Park, plus all the track and field events, on what had been the greyhound track. ^[13] It would turn out to be the last time that South Africa would participate in the Games until 1994. South Africa has competed at ten of the eighteen Commonwealth Games which have been held from the original Games in 1930 to 1958 and from 1994 South Africa withdrew from the Commonwealth Games in 1961. The Commonwealth Games is a multinational Multi-sport event. Held every four years it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Baseball & British baseball

Baseball was established early on in Cardiff, and one of the earliest of games to be held at the Arms Park was on 18 May 1918. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common It was a charity match in aid of the Prisoner of War Fund between Welsh and American teams of the U. S. Beaufort & U. S. Jupiter. British baseball matches have also regularly taken place at the Arms Park and hosted the annual England versus Wales international game every four years. The origins of the sport known as British baseball, or sometimes as Welsh baseball date to 1892 when the governing bodies of England and Wales agreed to change the ^[33][34] The games are now usually held at Roath Park. Roath Park ( Welsh: Parc y Rhath) Cardiff, Wales, is Cardiff's most popular park which still retains a classic Victorian atmosphere

Boxing

Around 25,000 spectators watched international boxing on 1 October 1993, at the National Stadium with a World Boxing Council (WBC) Heavyweight title bout between Lennox Lewis and Frank Bruno. Boxing (sometimes also known as English boxing or pugilism) is a Combat sport in which two participants generally of similar weight, Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) The World Boxing Council was initially created by 11 countries the United States, Argentina, United Kingdom, France, Mexico, Heavyweight is a division or weight class, in Boxing. Fighters who weigh over 200 pounds (14 st 4 lb/91 kg are considered heavyweights by the major professional Lennox Claudius Lewis CM, CBE (born September 2 1965) is a retired British/ Canadian professional boxer. Franklin Roy Bruno (born November 16, 1961) is an English former boxer whose career highlight was winning the WBC Heavyweight Lewis beat Bruno by a technical knockout in the 7th round, in what was called the "Battle of Britain". ^[35][36] On 30 September 1995, Steve Robinson the World Boxing Organization (WBO) World Featherweight Champion, lost against Prince Naseem Hamed at the Cardiff Rugby Ground in 8 rounds. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Steve Robinson (born 13 December 1968 Cardiff, Wales) is a Welsh retired professional boxer The World Boxing Organization ( WBO) is a sanctioning organization currently recognizing professional Boxing world champions Naseem Hamed (born November 1 1974) is a British boxer and former Bantamweight and Featherweight champion born to ^[36]

Cricket

In 1845 Cardiff Cricket Club was formed, by 1848 they had moved to their new home at the Arms Park. ^[37] Glamorgan Cricket Club, at the time not a first-class county, played their first match at Cardiff Arms Park in June 1869, against Monmouthshire. First-class cricket refers to the class of Cricket matches of three or more days scheduled duration between two sides of eleven players and officially adjudged first-class by Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year ^[38] They played their first-ever County Championship match there in 1921,^[39] competing there every season (except while first-class cricket was suspended during the Second World War), their last match being against Somerset in August 1966. The County Championship is the domestic first class Cricket competition in England and Wales. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Somerset County Cricket Club is one of the 18 major county clubs which make up the English domestic Cricket structure representing the historic county Glamorgan then moved to a new ground Sophia Gardens on the opposite bank of the River Taff to the Arms Park,^[40] following work on the creation of a national rugby stadium, later named the National Stadium. SWALEC Stadium is a Cricket stadium on the west bank of the River Taff in Cardiff, one mile north of Cardiff Arms Park and was originally known The River Taff is a large river in Wales. It is known as the Afon Taf in Welsh.

The first first-class cricket match actually to be held on the ground was between West of England and East of England, on 20 June 1910. Events 451 - Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius ' defeats Attila the Hun. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting In all more than 240 first-class cricket matches were played at Cardiff Arms Park. First-class cricket refers to the class of Cricket matches of three or more days scheduled duration between two sides of eleven players and officially adjudged first-class by ^[41]

Only one List A game was ever played at the ground, and this was only the second match of its type: Glamorgan's Gillette Cup fixture against Somerset on 22 May 1963. List A cricket is a classification of the limited-overs (one-day form of the Sport of Cricket. The Friends Provident Trophy is a one day Cricket competition in the United Kingdom. Somerset County Cricket Club is one of the 18 major county clubs which make up the English domestic Cricket structure representing the historic county Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[42] Except for the aforementioned 1910 game, the only major match not to involve Glamorgan was a Test Trial in July 1932, which was badly affected by the weather and saw play on only one of the scheduled three days. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar.

Greyhound racing

To help pay for the upkeep of the site, a greyhound track was opened in 1927. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Arms Park (Cardiff) Greyhound Racing Company Limited signed a 50-year lease in 1937, with Cardiff Athletic Club, the owners of the Arms Park, having no rights to break the agreement or to review the rental until the 50 years were up. See also Leasing, Renting A lease is a Legal document, but can be an oral arrangement which confers a right on one person (called Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. However the last greyhound race was actually held at the National Stadium was on 30 July 1977. Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays ^[43]

Rugby union

In 1876, the Cardiff RFC was formed and soon after they also used the park. On 12 April 1884, the first international match was played at the ground between Wales and Ireland, when 5,000 people watched Wales beat Ireland by 2 tries and a drop goal to nil. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Ireland rugby union team represents the island of Ireland in Rugby union, which is a popular sport throughout both the Republic of Ireland and ^[13]

The Arms Park rugby ground became the permanent home of the Wales national rugby union team in 1964. The Wales national rugby union team represent Wales in international Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Later, the National Stadium was also home to the WRU Challenge Cup from 1972 until the last ever match held at the Stadium on 26 April 1997, at a much reduced capacity, between Cardiff RFC and Swansea RFC. The WRU Challenge Cup (currently known as the Konica Minolta Cup due to sponsorship or its full name of the Welsh Rugby Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh Rugby union team which plays in the Welsh Premier Division. Cardiff RFC won the match by 33 point to 26, with the last try scored by Nigel Walker. Nigel Walker (born June 15, 1963) is a former Welsh athlete and Wales international Rugby union player ^[44]

The National Stadium hosted four games in the 1991 Rugby World Cup, including the 3rd / 4th place play-off. The 1991 Rugby World Cup was jointly hosted by England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales and France. ^[45] The National Stadium was also host to the inaugural Heineken Cup final of 1995-6 when Toulouse beat Cardiff RFC by 21 to 18 after extra time, in front of 21,800 spectators. This article lists the results of the finals of the Heineken Cup. Stade Toulousain, also referred to as Toulouse, is a French Rugby union club from Toulouse in Midi-Pyrénées. ^[46] The following final in 1996-7 was also held at the National Stadium, this time it was between Brive and Leicester Tigers. Club Athlétique Brive Corrèze Limousin are a French Rugby union team founded in 1904 and based in Brive-la-Gaillarde in the département Leicester Football Club (nicknamed Leicester Tigers) is an English Rugby union club that plays in the Guinness Premiership. Brive won the match 28 points to 9, in front of a crowd of 41,664. ^[47] The Heineken Cup is Europe's premier Rugby Union club competition. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short

In 2008, the Cardiff Rugby Ground will host Pool A matches in the 2008 IRB Junior World Championship and also the semi-final on 18 June 2008. The 2008 IRB Junior World Championship was the first annual international Rugby union competition for Under 20 national teams Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common

The greatest match, the greatest try

The stadium is best known as the venue for what some say was the "the greatest try ever scored" by Gareth Edwards for the Barbarians against the New Zealand All Blacks in what is also called "the greatest match ever played" on 27 January 1973. Gareth Owen Edwards CBE (born 12 July 1947 in Pontardawe, Wales is a former Welsh Rugby union footballer who played scrum-half, considered by The Barbarian Football Club, typically referred to as Barbarians and nicknamed the "Baa-Baas" is an invitational Rugby union team based in Britain The All Blacks are New Zealand's national team in Rugby union, the country's National sport. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. ^[48][49] The final score was 23 points to 11 to the Barbarians (this translates to 27 points to 13, in today's scoring system).

The game is one I will never forget and those of us who played in it will never be allowed to forget. It is a match that will live with me forever. People tend only to remember the first four minutes of the game because of the try, but what they forgot is the great deal of good rugby played afterwards, much of which came from the All Blacks. After the success of the 1971 Lions tour, which captured the imagination of the whole country, it was an opportunity to bring a lot of that side together again. ^[50] —Gareth Edwards

The scorers were for the Barbarians: Tries: Gareth Edwards, Fergus Slattery, John Bevan, J P R Williams; Conversions: Phil Bennett (2); Penalty: Phil Bennett. A try is the major way of scoring points in Rugby league and Rugby union. Gareth Owen Edwards CBE (born 12 July 1947 in Pontardawe, Wales is a former Welsh Rugby union footballer who played scrum-half, considered by John Fergus Slattery (born 12 February 1949 in Dún Laoghaire, Ireland is a former Rugby union footballer who represented Ireland. John Peter Rhys Williams (born 2 March 1949 in Cardiff, Wales known universally as J A try is the major way of scoring points in Rugby league and Rugby union. Phillip Bennett (born 24 October 1948 was a Welsh international Rugby union fly half from 1969 to 1978 In Rugby football, the penalty is the main disciplinary sanction available to the referee to penalise players who commit deliberate infringements For the All Blacks: Tries: Grant Batty (2); Penalty: Joseph Karam. Grant Bernard Batty (born 31 August 1951 in Greytown, New Zealand) is a former Rugby union footballer ' Joe' Joseph Francis Karam (born 21 November 1951 in Taumarunui) is a former New Zealand Rugby footballer He was educated at

Concerts and conferences

Major music concerts were also held at the National Stadium:

• David Bowie Glass Spider Tour 21 June 1987. David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. In 1987, David Bowie embarked on the The Glass Spider Tour in support of the album Never Let Me Down. Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) ^[51]
• U2 Joshua Tree Tour 25 July 1987. The Joshua Tree Tour was a Concert tour by the Irish rock band U2, which took place during 1987 in support of their album The Joshua Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) ^[52]
• Michael Jackson Bad World Tour 26 July 1988. Michael Joseph Jackson (born August 29 1958 is an American musician entertainer and businessman The Bad Tour was the first solo world tour by Michael Jackson which was sponsored by Pepsi-Cola that started on September 12 1987 in Tokyo Japan and ended on Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) ^[53]
• The Rolling Stones Urban Jungle Tour 16 July 1990. The Rolling Stones ' Steel Wheels Tour was a concert tour which was launched in North America in August 1989 to promote the band's album Steel Wheels Events 622 - The beginning of the Islamic calendar. 1054 - Three Roman legates fractured relations between the Western and Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) ^[54]
• 10,000 Voices World Choir, with Tom Jones and Dennis O'Neill 23 May 1992. Tom Jones can refer to Tom Jones (singer (born 1940 Welsh pop music singer Tommy Lee Jones (born 1946 American actor and director WikipediaWikiProject Opera#Infoboxes --> Dennis O'Neill CBE (born February 25, 1948 in Pontardulais Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) ^[55]
• Dire Straits European Tour 11 June 1992. Dire Straits was a British rock band, formed in 1977 by Mark Knopfler (guitar and vocals his brother David Knopfler (guitar Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) ^[56]
• Michael Jackson Dangerous World Tour 5 August 1992. The Dangerous Tour was Michael Jackson's second solo world tour that started on June 27, 1992 in Munich Germany and ended on November Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) ^[57]
• 10,000 Voices World Choir with Shirley Bassey 29 May 1993. Dame Shirley Veronica Bassey DBE (born 8 January 1937 Cardiff, Wales) is a Welsh Singer. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) ^[55]
• U2 Zoo TV Tour 18 August 1993. The Zoo TV Tour (also called ZooTV, ZOO TV or ZOOTV) was an elaborately-staged multimedia Concert tour by Irish rock band Events 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus is founded starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) ^[58]
• Jose Carreras 30 July 1994. WikipediaWikiProject Opera#Infoboxes --> Josep Carreras i Coll (born December 5, 1946, Barcelona Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) ^[59]
• R.E.M. Monster Tour 23 July 1995. REM is an American rock band formed in Athens, Georgia, in 1980 by Michael Stipe ( lead vocals) Peter Buck ( Guitar Events 1632 - Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe France. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 ^[60]
• Tina Turner Wildest Dreams Tour 14 July 1996. Tina Turner (born Anna Mae Bullock; November 26, 1939) is an eight time Grammy Award -winning American The Wildest Dreams Tour was a record-breaking world-wide Concert tour by Tina Turner from 1 May 1996 to 10 August 1997 Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) ^[61]
• Jehovah's Witnesses held their annual conventions at the National Stadium for many years and continue to do so at the Millennium Stadium. Jehovah's Witnesses is a restorationist, millenialist Christian denomination ^[62][63]

Singing tradition

The National Stadium was known primarily as the venue for massed voices singing such hymns as "Cwm Rhondda", "Calon Lân", "Men of Harlech" and "Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau" ("Land of my Fathers" - the national anthem of Wales). Cwm Rhondda, the Welsh name for the Rhondda Valley, is a popular Hymn tune written by John Hughes (1873-1932 Calon Lân is a Welsh Hymn, whose words were written in the 1800s by Daniel James ( 23 January 1848 - 11 March 1920 " Men of Harlech " or " The March of the Men of Harlech " (in Welsh: Rhyfelgyrch Gwŷr Harlech) is a Song and Military "Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau" (heːn ˈwlaːd vəˈn̥adaɨ usually translated as "Land of My Fathers" ( dear country of my fathers) is by tradition the National A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's ^[64] The legendary atmosphere including singing of the crowd was said to be worth at least a try or a goal to the home nation. ^[65] This tradition of singing has now passed onto the Millennium Stadium. ^[65]

The Arms Park has its own choir, called the Cardiff Arms Park Male Choir. It was formed in 1966 as the Cardiff Athletic Club Male Voice Choir, and today performs internationally with a schedule of concerts and tours. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. In 2000, the choir changed their name to become the Cardiff Arms Park Male Choir. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ^[55]

See also

• Sport in Cardiff

Notes

References

• Harris, K. M. The Story of the Development of the National Rugby Ground, April 7 1984. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Cover of the booklet on www.rugbyrelics.com

External links

• Photographs of Cardiff Arms Park in April 1997, just prior to demolition
• Gareth Edwards try for the Barbarians Vs All Blacks, 27 January 1973, at the National Stadium, Cardiff Arms Park
• Cardiff Arms Park Male Choir website
• The opening ceremony of the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, Cardiff Arms Park

Preceded by none

Heineken Cup Final Venue 1995-96 1996-97

Succeeded by Stade Lescure Bordeaux

Celtic League rugby venues v • d • e

Cardiff Arms Park | Firhill Stadium | Galway Sportsgrounds | Liberty Stadium | Murrayfield Stadium | Musgrave Park | Ravenhill | Rodney Parade | RDS Arena | Stradey Park | Thomond Park

The European Rugby Cup (known as the Heineken Cup because of the tournament's sponsorship by Heineken) is an annual Rugby union competition involving leading This article lists the results of the finals of the Heineken Cup. Stade Chaban-Delmas (known as Parc Lescure until 2001 is a football and Rugby union Stadium in Bordeaux, France. ( Gascon: Bordèu) is a port city in southwest France, with one million inhabitants in its metropolitan area at a 2008 estimate Firhill Stadium is the home ground of the Scottish Association football club Partick Thistle F Galway Sportsground, also known as The Sportsground, is a multi-use Stadium in Galway, Ireland. The Liberty Stadium (Stadiwm Liberty referred to as New Stadium during construction is a purpose-built sports and concert arena and conferencing venue in the Landore Murrayfield is a sports Stadium in Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, and is the home of Scottish Rugby Union Musgrave Park is a stadium in the city of Cork, Ireland. The ground consists of four terraces one stand three tribunes one jogging track and two VIP Ravenhill Stadium is located in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is used by Ulster Rugby. Rodney Parade is a Stadium in the city of Newport, Wales in the United Kingdom. The RDS (also known as the Royal Dublin Society but now rarely expanded or Cumann Ríoga Bhaile Átha Cliath ( CRBÁC) in Irish, was founded Stradey Park (Welsh Parc Y Strade) is a Rugby union Stadium located near the centre of the town of Llanelli, Carmarthenshire, Thomond Park is a stadium in Limerick City, Munster Ireland. It is the home of Shannon RFC, UL Bohemian RFC and Munster Rugby

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