A carboxylate anion is an ion with negative charge that contains the group -COO−. An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge Electric charge is a fundamental conserved property of some Subatomic particles which determines their Electromagnetic interaction. It is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid. Within the Brønsted - Lowry ( protonic) theory of acids and bases, a conjugate acid is the acid member HX of a pair of two compounds that transform
Carboxylic acids dissociate into a carboxylate ion and a positively-charged hydrogen ion (proton) much more readily than alcohols dissociate (into an alkoxide ion and a proton), because the carboxylate ion is more stable: the negative charge that is left behind when a proton leaves the carboxylate group is 'shared' between the two electronegative oxygen atoms in a resonance structure. An alkoxide is the Conjugate base of an Alcohol and therefore consists of an organic group bonded to a negatively charged Oxygen atom This delocalization of the electron cloud means that neither of the oxygen atoms is so strongly negatively charged; the positively-charged proton is therefore less readily attracted back to the carboxylate group once it has left. In chemistry delocalized electrons are Electrons in a Molecule that are not associated with a single Atom or to a Covalent bond. On the other hand, an alkoxide ion, once formed, would have a strong negative charge on the oxygen atom, which would make it difficult for the proton to escape. Thus, the carboxylate ion is more stable - this is also why carboxylic acids have a lower pH than alcohols: the higher the number of protons that escape into solution, the lower the pH. pH is the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a Solution. [1]
Examples
Discussion
References
- ^ Fox, Marye Anne; Whitesell, James K. Formate or methanoate is the ion CHOO&minus ( Formic acid minus one Hydrogen ion) An acetate, or ethanoate, is either a salt or Ester of Acetic acid. Carboxylic acids are Organic acids characterized by the presence of a Carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=OOH usually written -COOH or -CO2H (1997). Organic Chemistry, 2, Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 0-7637-0178-5.
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic