| Comune di Capua | |
|---|---|
 Municipal coat of arms |
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| Country |  Italy |
| Region | Campania |
| Province | Caserta (CE) |
| Area | 30 km² (12 sq mi) |
| Population (as of December 31, 2004) | |
| - Total | 43,139 |
| - Density | 1,438/km² (3,724/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET, UTC+1 |
| Coordinates | |
| Gentilic | Capuani |
| Dialing code | 0823 |
| Postal code | 81043 |
| Frazioni | Sant'Angelo in Formis |
| Patron | St. Agatha |
| - Day | February 8 |
| Website: www.comune.capua.ce.it | |
Capua is a city in the province of Caserta, Campania, Italy situated 25 km (16 mi) north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Campania is a region of Southern Italy in Europe. The region has a population of around 5 In Italy, a Province (in Italian provincia) is an administrative division of intermediate level between Municipality ( Comune The Province of Caserta (Provincia di Caserta is a province in the Campania region of Italy. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place Here are a list of area codes in Italy. All numbers here begin with the country code (0039 A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a Comune; for other Administrative For communities named after St Agatha see Sainte-Agathe. Saint Agatha of Sicily or Saint Agatha (died 251 is a Christian Events 421 - Constantius III becomes co- Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The Province of Caserta (Provincia di Caserta is a province in the Campania region of Italy. Campania is a region of Southern Italy in Europe. The region has a population of around 5 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the The city is often mistaken for Santa Maria Capua Vetere which is the actual old city of Capua, site of the Amphitheatre. Santa Maria Capua Vetere is a town and commune in the Province of Caserta, part of the region of Campania (southern Italy) The comune of Capua was founded after the old city of Capua (today, Santa Maria Capua Vetere) was destroyed by the Saracens in 841 AD. Santa Maria Capua Vetere is a town and commune in the Province of Caserta, part of the region of Campania (southern Italy)
Contents |
History
Ancient Capua
The name of Capua comes from the Etruscan Capue. The Etruscan Language was spoken and written by the Etruscan civilization in the ancient region of Etruria (modern Tuscany plus western The meaning remains unknown. Its foundation is attributed by Cato the Elder to the Etruscans, and the date given as about 260 years before it was "taken" by Rome. Marcus Porcius Cato ( Latin: M·PORCIVS·M·F·CATO (234 BC Tusculum &ndash149 BC was a Roman statesman surnamed the Censor Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 If this is true it refers not to its capture in the second Punic War (211 BC) but to its submission to Rome in 338 BC, placing the date of foundation at about 600 BC, while Etruscan power was at its highest. The Second Punic War (referred to as "The War Against Hannibal" by the Romans lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western Events By place Seleucid Empire Antiochus III's sister arranges for the removal of Armenia 's king Xerxes, whom she Events By place Persian Empire The Persian general and Vizier, the Eunuch Bagoas, falls out of favour with In the area several settlements of the Villanovian civilization were present in pre-historical times, and these were probably enlarged by the Oscans and subsequently by the Etruscans. The Villanovan culture was the earliest Iron Age culture of central and northern Italy, abruptly Oscan, the language of the Osci, is in the Sabellic branch of the Italic language family, which is a branch of Indo-European that also includes
Etruscan supremacy in Campania came to an end with the Samnite invasion in the latter half of the 5th century BC. The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC.
About 424 BC it was captured by the Samnites and in 343 BC implored Roman help against its conquerors. Capua entered into alliance with Rome for protection against the Samnite mountain tribes, along with its dependent communities Casilinum, Calatia, Atella, so that the greater part of Campania now fell under Roman supremacy. Casilinum (modern Capua) an ancient city of Campania, Italy, 3 m Calatia was an ancient town of Campania, Italy, 6 m SE of Capua, on the Via Appia, near the point where the Via Popillia branches Atella was an ancient city of Campania, halfway between Naples and Capua; its ruins lie between the towns of Orta di Atella and Sant'Arpino The citizens of Capua received the civitas sine suffragio", citizenship without the vote.
In the second Samnite War with Rome, Capua proved an untrustworthy Roman ally, so that after the defeat of the Samnites, the Ager Falerus on the right bank of the Volturnus was confiscated. The First, Second, and Third Samnite wars, between the early Roman Republic and the tribes of Samnium, extended over half a century involving The Volturno (ancient Latin name Volturnus, from volvere, to roll is a River in south-central Italy. In 318 BC the powers of the native officials (meddices) were limited by the appointment of officials with the title praefecti Capuam Cumas (taking their name from the most important towns of Campania); these were at first mere deputies of the praetor urbanus, but after 123 BC were elected Roman magistrates, four in number; they governed the whole of Campania until the time of Augustus, when they were abolished. Events By place Macedonian Empire Antigonus resolves to become lord of all Asia and in conjunction with Cassander and Ptolemy It was the capital of Campania Felix.
In 312 BC, Capua was connected with Rome by the construction of the Via Appia, the most important of the military highways of Italy. Events By place Seleucid Empire Ptolemy and Seleucus, the Satrap of Babylonia, invade the satrapy of Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 The Appian Way ( Latin and Italian: Via Appia) was the most important ancient Roman road. The gate by which it left the Servian walls of Rome bore the name Porta Capena -- perhaps the only case in which a gate in this enceinte bears the name of the place to which it led. The Servian Wall (in Latin: Murus Servii Tullii) was a defensive barrier constructed around the city of Rome in the early 4th century BC. The Porta Capena was a gate in the Servian Wall near the Caelian Hill, in Rome, formerly a sacred forest where Numa Pompilius and Egeria At what time the Via Latina was stretched to Casilinum is doubtful (it is quite possible that it was done when Capua fell under Roman supremacy, i. The Via Latina, or the " Latin Way " was a Roman road of Italy, running southeast from Rome for about. e. before the construction of the Via Appia); it afforded a route only 10 km (6 mi) longer, and the difficulties with its construction were much less; it also avoided the troublesome journey through the Pontine Marshes. The Appian Way ( Latin and Italian: Via Appia) was the most important ancient Roman road. The Pontine Marshes ( Agro Pontino in Italian) is a former Marsh area in the Lazio Region of Central Italy southeast of Rome
The importance of Capua increased steadily during the 3rd century BC, and at the beginning of the Second Punic War it was considered to be only slightly behind Rome and Carthage themselves, and was able to furnish 30,000 infantry and 4,000 cavalry. The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC The Second Punic War (referred to as "The War Against Hannibal" by the Romans lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western Carthage (Καρχηδών Karkhēdōn, Carthago from the Phoenician קרת חדשת phn-Latn Qart-ḥadašt meaning new town) refers Until after the defeat of Cannae it remained faithful to Rome, but, after a vain demand that one of the consuls should always be selected from it or perhaps in order to secure regional supremacy in the event of a Carthaginian victory, it defected to Hannibal, who made it his winter quarters: he and his army were voluntarily received by Capua. Cannae is also a band from Boston Massachusetts Cannae (mod Canne della Battaglia) is an ancient village of the Apulia region Hannibal (Pronounced in Phoenician: Hanniba'al means " Ba'al is my grace " or " Ba'al has given me grace " 247 BC &ndash Livy and others have suggested that the luxurious conditions were Hannibal's Cannae because his troops became soft and demoralized by luxurious living. Titus Livius (traditionally 59 BC &ndash AD 17 known as Livy in English, was a Roman historian who wrote a monumental history of Rome Historians from Bosworth Smith onwards have been sceptical of this, observing that his troops gave as good account of themselves in battle after that winter as before. After a long siege it was taken by the Romans in 211 BC and severely punished; its magistrates and communal organization were abolished, the inhabitants who weren't killed lost their civic rights, and its territory was declared ager publicus (Roman state domain). Events By place Seleucid Empire Antiochus III's sister arranges for the removal of Armenia 's king Xerxes, whom she Parts of it were sold in 205 BC and 199 BC, another part was divided among the citizens of the new colonies of Volturnum and Liternum established near the coast in 194 BC, but the greater portion of it was reserved to be let by the state. Events By place Seleucid Empire Returning via the Persian provinces of Arachosia, Drangiana, and Carmania Events By place Roman Republic The Roman general Gnaeus Baebius Tamphilus attacks the Insubres in Gaul, but loses Liternum was an ancient town of Campania, Italy, on the low sandy coast between Cumae and the mouth of the Volturnus Events By place Greece After checking the ambitions of the Spartan Tyrant, Nabis, the Roman forces under
Considerable difficulties occurred in preventing illegal encroachments by private persons, and it became necessary to buy a number of them out in 162 BC. It was, after that period, let, not to large but to small proprietors. Frequent attempts were made by the democratic leaders to divide the land among new settlers. Brutus in 83 BC actually succeeded in establishing a colony, but it was soon dissolved; and Cicero's speeches De Lege Agrania were directed against a similar attempt by Servilius Rullus in 63 BC. Year 83 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla returns to Italy from his campaigns Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman Publius Servilius Rullus Roman Tribune of the people in 64 BC, proposed one of the most far-reaching agrarian laws brought forward in Roman history Year 63 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Pompey conquers Phonecia, Coele-Syria
In the meantime the necessary organization of the inhabitants of this thickly populated district was in a measure supplied by grouping them round important shrines, especially that of Diana Tifatina, in connection with which a pagus Dianae existed, as we learn from many inscriptions; a pagus Herculaneus is also known. In Roman mythology, Diana was the goddess of the hunt, being associated with wild animals and woodland and also of the Moon.
The town of Capua belonged to none of these organizations, and was entirely dependent on the praefecti. It enjoyed great prosperity, however, due to their growing of spelt, a grain that was put into groats, wine, roses, spices, unguents etc. Spelt ( Triticum spelta) is a Hexaploid species of Wheat. Spelt was an important staple in parts of Europe from the Bronze Age to medieval times An unguent is a soothing topical preparation spread on Wounds burns, Rashes abrasions or other topical injuries , and also owing to its manufacture, especially of bronze objects, of which both the elder Cato and the elder Pliny speak in the highest terms. Marcus Porcius Cato ( Latin: M·PORCIVS·M·F·CATO (234 BC Tusculum &ndash149 BC was a Roman statesman surnamed the Censor Gaius or Caius Plinius Secundus, ( AD 23 – August 25, AD 79 better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient Author
Its luxury remained proverbial; and Campania is especially spoken of as the home of gladiatorial combats. Gladiators (gladiatores "swordsmen" or "one who uses a sword" from la ''gladius'' "sword" were professional fighters in Ancient Rome who fought From the gladiatorial schools of Campania came Spartacus and his followers in 73 BC. Spartacus (c 109 BC-71 BC according to Roman historians was a Slave who became the leader (or possibly one of several leaders in the unsuccessful slave Year 73 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place British Isles Traditional date that Lud became King Julius Caesar as consul in 59 BC succeeded in carrying out the establishment of a Roman colony under the name Julia Felix in connection with his agrarian law, and 20,000 Roman citizens were settled in this territory. Consul (abbrev cos; Latin plural consules) was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire Year 59 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Gaius Julius Caesar and
The number of colonists was increased by Mark Antony, Augustus (who constructed an aqueduct from the Mons Tifata and gave the town of Capua estates in the district of Cnossus in Crete valued at 12 million sesterces) and Nero. Marcus Antonius (in Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N ( c January 14 83 BC&ndash August 1, 30 BC known in English as Mark Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was An aqueduct is an artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another Knossos (alternative spellings Knossus, Cnossus, Greek Κνωσός kno̞ˈso̞s also known as the Knossos Palace is the largest Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the The sestertius, or sesterce, was an ancient Roman Coin. During the Roman Republic it was a small Silver, and rare coin issued Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( December 15, 37 – June 9, 68) born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called
In the war of 69 it took the side of Vitellius. 69 (sex position & book by Ryu Murakami are -- already linked by "" with other meanings Aulus Vitellius Germanicus, born Aulus Vitellius and commonly known as Vitellius ( 24 September, 15 &ndash 22 December, 69 Under the later empire it is not often mentioned; but in the 4th century it was the seat of the consularis Campaniae and its chief town, though Ausonius puts it behind Mediolanum (Milan) and Aquileia in his ordo nobilium urbium. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century This article is about the Roman poet Ausonius For John Ausonius the Swedish murderer see John Ausonius. Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Aquileia (also called Aquilegia, Friulian Acuilee/Aquilee, Slovene Oglej) is an ancient Roman city in what is
Medieval Capua
- See also Principality of Capua. The Principality of Capua (Principatus Capuae or Capue was a Lombard state in Southern Italy, usually de facto independent but under the varying
Under Constantine we hear of the foundation of a Christian church in Capua. Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus (27 February ca. 272 &ndash 22 May 337 commonly known as Constantine I, Constantine the Great, or Saint Constantine In 456 it was taken and destroyed by the Vandals under Gaiseric, but must have been soon rebuilt. Events By Place Western Roman Empire Capua is destroyed by the Vandals. Geiseric the Lame (c 389 &ndash January 25, 477) also spelled as Gaiseric or Genseric, was the King of the Vandals
During the Gothic War Capua suffered greatly. When the Lombards invaded Italy in the second half of the 6th century, Capua was ravaged; later, it was included in the Duchy of Benevento, and ruled by an official styled gastald. The Lombards ( Latin Langobardi, whence the alternative names Langobards and Longobards) were a Germanic people originally from Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The Duchy and later Principality of Benevento was the southernmost Lombard duchy in medieval Italy centred on Benevento, a city central in the Mezzogiorno A gastald ( Latin gastaldus or castaldus, Italian gastaldo or guastaldo) was a Lombard official in charge of
In 839, the prince of Benevento, Sicard, was assassinated by Radelchis I of Benevento, who took over the throne. Events By Place Europe Louis the Pious attempts to divide his empire among his sons This is as list of the Dukes and Princes of Benevento (see Duchy of Benevento) it is one of Wikipedia 's Lists of Incumbents. Sicard (died 839 was the Prince of Benevento from 832 He was the last prince of a united Benevento which covered most of the Mezzogiorno. Radelchis I (also Radalgis; died 851 was the Treasurer, then Prince of Benevento from 839 when he assumed the throne upon the assassination (possibly Sicard's brother Siconulf was proclaimed independent prince in Salerno and the gastald of Capua declared himself independent. Siconulf (also Siconolf, Sikenolf, Siconolfo, or Siconulfus) was the first Prince of Salerno, the brother of Sicard, These are the rulers of the Principality of Salerno. When Prince Sicard of Benevento was assassinated by Radelchis in 839 the people of Salerno promptly This is as list of the rulers of the Principality of Capua. Lombard rulers of Capua Gastalds and counts The Gastalds (or counts of Capua
In 841, the ancient Capua was burned to the ground by a band of Saracens paid by Radelchis: it remained only the church of Santa Maria Maggiore, founded about 497. Events By Place Europe June 25 - Battle of Fontenay: Louis the German and Charles the Bald defeat Saracen was a term used by Europeans in the Middle Ages for Fatimids at first then later for all who professed the religion of Islam. Events By Place Europe The Alemanni are defeated by the Franks under Clovis I near Bonn. A new city was rebuilt in 856, but at some distance from the former site, where, however, another town later appeared under the name of Santa Maria Capua Vetere ("Capua the Old"). Events By Place Asia The Year of the Fire Rat (Chinese Zodiac begins in January Santa Maria Capua Vetere is a town and commune in the Province of Caserta, part of the region of Campania (southern Italy)
Prince Atenulf I conquered Benevento in 900 and united the principalities until 981, when Pandulf Ironhead separated in his will for his children. Atenulf I (died 910 called the Great (Latin magnus) was the Prince of Capua from 7 January 887 and of Benevento from Events By place Asia Laguna Copperplate Inscription, Kavi script inscribed in Luzon, Philippines, Events By Place Europe The great Viking explorer Eric the Red-haired leaves Norway to survey an island west of Iceland Pandulf I Ironhead (died March 981 was the Prince of Benevento and Capua from 943 (or 944 until his death Capua eclipsed Benevento thereafter and became the chief rival of Salerno. Under Pandulf IV, the principality brought in the aid of the Normans and, for a while had the loyalty of Rainulf Drengot, until the latter abandoned him to aid the deposed Sergius IV of Naples take back his city, annexed by Pandulf in 1027. Pandulf IV (also spelled Randulf, Bandulf, Pandulph, Pandolf, Paldolf, or Pandolfo) was the Prince of Capua The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. Rainulf Drengot (also Ranulph Ranulf or Rannulf was a Norman adventurer and the first count of Aversa ( 1030 &ndash 1045) Sergius IV (died after 1036 was Duke of Naples from 1002 to 1036
Upon Pandulf's death, Capua fell to his weaker sons and, in 1058, the city itself fell in a siege to Rainulf's nephew Richard I, who took the title Prince of Aversa. Richard I Drengot (died 1078 was a count of Aversa (1049-1078 and Prince of Capua (1058-1078 For seven years (1091-1098), Richard II was exiled from his city, but with the aid of his relatives, he retook the city after a siege in 1098. Richard II (died 1105/1106 called the Bald, was the Count of Aversa and the Prince of Capua from 1090 or 1091 The Siege of Capua was a military operation involving the states of medieval Southern Italy, beginning in May 1098 and lasting forty days His dynasty lived on as princes of Capua until the last claimant of their line died in 1156 and the principality was definitively united to the kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom of Sicily (Regnum Siciliae or Sicilie Regno di Sicilia, commonly abbreviated Regno) was a state that existed in the south of Italy Hereafter, Capua is no longer the capital of a larger principality, but a minor city in an important kingdom.
Main sights
Remains
No pre-Roman remains have been found within the town of Capua itself, but important cemeteries have been discovered on all sides of it, the earliest of which go back to the 7th or 6th century BC. The 7th century BC started the first day of 700 BC and ended the last day of 601 BC. The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC.
The tombs are of various forms, partly chambers with frescoes on the walls, partly cubical blocks of peperino, hollowed out, with grooved lids. Fresco (plural either frescos or frescoes) is any of several related Painting types done on Plaster on walls or Peperino is an Italian name applied to a brown or grey Volcanic Tuff, containing fragments of Basalt and Limestone, with disseminated The objects found within them consist mainly of vases of bronze (many of them without feet, and with incised designs of Etruscan style) and of clay, some of Greek, some of local manufacture, and of paintings. On the east of the town, in the Patturelli property, a temple has been discovered with Oscan votive inscriptions originally thought to be Oscan, now recognized as Etruscan, some of them inscribed upon terracotta tablets, the most famous of which is the Tabula Capuana, conserved in Berlin, still, after more than a century of searching, the second-longest Etruscan text. Oscan, the language of the Osci, is in the Sabellic branch of the Italic language family, which is a branch of Indo-European that also includes The Etruscan Language was spoken and written by the Etruscan civilization in the ancient region of Etruria (modern Tuscany plus western The Tabula Capuana ("Tegola di Capua" Etruscophiles like to call it now conserved in Berlin represents the second most extensive surviving Etruscan text after the Other brief inscriptions are on cippi. A group of 150 tuff statuettes represent a matron holding one or more children in her lap: three bore Latin inscriptions of the early Imperial period. Tuff (from the Italian "tufo" is a type of rock consisting of consolidated volcanic ash ejected from vents during a volcanic eruption Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial
The site of the town being in a perfectly flat plain, without natural defences, it was possible to lay it out regularly. Its length from east to west is accurately determined by the fact that the Via Appia, which runs from north-west to south-east from Casilinum to Calatia, turns due east very soon after passing the so-called Arco di Adriano (a triumphal arch of good brickwork, once faced with marble, with three openings, erected in honour of some emperor unknown), and continues to run in this direction for 1,600 m (6000 ancient Oscan feet). A triumphal arch is a structure in the shape of a monumental Archway, in theory built to celebrate a victory in war actually used to celebrate a ruler
The west gate was the Porta Romana; remains of the east gate (the name of which we do not know) have been found. This fact shows that the main street of the town was perfectly oriented, and that before the Via Appia was constructed, i. e. in all probability in pre-Roman times. The width of the town from north to south cannot be so accurately determined as the line of the north and south walls is not known, though it can be approximately fixed by the absence of tombs. Beloch fixes it at 4,000 Oscan feet = 1,100 m, nor is it absolutely certain (though it is in the highest degree probable, for Cicero praises its regular arrangement and fine streets) that the plan of the town was rectangular. Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman
Within the town are remains of public baths on the north of the Via Appia and of a theatre opposite, on the south. This page is on buildings used for Roman bathing For the activity in general see Ancient Roman bathing. The former consisted of a large cryptoporticus round three sides of a court, the south side being open to the road; it now lies under the prisons. Beloch (see below) attributes this to the Oscan period; but the construction as shown in Labruzzi's drawing (v. 17) 1 is partly of brick-work and opus reticulatum, which may, of course, belong to a restoration. The stage of the theatre had its back to the road; Labruzzi (v. 18) gives an interesting view of the cavea. It appears from inscriptions that it was erected after the time of Augustus.
Other inscriptions, however, prove the existence of a theatre as early as 94 BC, so that the existence of another elsewhere must be assumed. We know that the Roman colony was divided into regions and possessed a capitolium, with a temple of Jupiter, within the town, and that the market-place, for unguents especially, was called Seplasia; we also hear of an aedes alba, probably the original senate house, which stood in an open space known as albana. In Roman mythology, Jupiter was the king of the gods and the god of Sky and Thunder. But the sites of all these are quite uncertain. A Mithraeum may also be seen, by appointment. Mithraeum is a place of worship for the followers of the Mystery religion of Mithraism. [1]
Amphitheatre
Outside the town, in S. Maria Capua Vetere, there is the amphitheatre, built in the time of Augustus, restored by Hadrian and dedicated by Antoninus Pius, as the inscription over the main entrance recorded. An amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is an open-air venue for spectator sports concerts rallies or theatrical performances Publius Aelius Hadrianus (January 24 76 &ndash July 10 138 as emperor Imperator Caesar Divi Traiani filius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, and Divus Hadrianus after Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus ( September 19, 86 &ndash March 7 161) generally known in English as Antoninus Pius The exterior was formed by 80 Doric arcades of four storeys each, but only two arches now remain. The Doric order was one of the three '''orders''' or organizational systems of Ancient Greek or Classical architecture; the other two Canonical The keystones were adorned with heads of divinities.
The interior is better preserved; beneath the arena are subterranean passages like those in the amphitheatre at Puteoli. Pozzuoli is a city of the Province of Naples, in the Italian region of Campania. It is one of the largest in existence; the longer diameter is 170 m (185 yd), the shorter 140 m (152 yd), and the arena measures 75 by 45 m (83 by 49 yd), the corresponding dimensions in the Colosseum at Rome being 188, 155, 85, 53 m (205, 170, 93 and 58 yd).
To the east are considerable remains of baths — a large octagonal building, an apse against which the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie is built, and several heaps of debris. On the Via Appia, to the south-east of the east gate of the town, arc two large and well-preserved tombs of the Roman period, known as le Carceri vecchie and la Conocchia.
To the east of the amphitheatre an ancient road, the Via Dianae, leads north to the Pagus Dianae, on the west slopes of the Mons Tifata, a community which sprang up round the famous and ancient temple of Diana, and probably received an independent organization after the abolition of that of Capua in 211 BC. Events By place Seleucid Empire Antiochus III's sister arranges for the removal of Armenia 's king Xerxes, whom she The place often served as a base for attacks on the latter, and Sulla, after his defeat of Gaius Norbanus, gave the whole of the mountain to the temple. Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix ( Latin: L•CORNELIVS•L•F•P•N•SVLLA•FELIX (c
Within the territory of the pagus were several other temples with their magistri. After the restoration of the community of Capua, we find magistri of the temple of Diana still existing, but they were probably officials of Capua itself.
The site is occupied by the Benedictine church of San Michele Arcangelo in Sant'Angelo in Formis. Benedictine refers to the Spirituality and Consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in It dates from 944, and was reconstructed by the abbot Desiderius (afterwards Pope Victor III) of Monte Cassino. This article is about the year 944 For the Porsche sports car see Porsche 944. Pope Victor III ( c.1026 &ndash 16 September 1087) born Daufer (Dauphar Latinised Dauferius, was the Pope (from For information about the World War II battle see the Battle of Monte Cassino. It has interesting paintings, dating from the end of the 11th century to the middle of the 12th, in which five different styles may be distinguished. They form a complete representation of all the chief episodes of the New Testament. Deposits of votive objects (favissae), removed from the ancient temple from time to time as new ones came in and occupied all the available space, have been found, and considerable remains of buildings belonging to the Vicus Dianae (among them a triumphal arch and some baths, also a hail with frescoes, representing the goddess herself ready for the chase) still exist.
The ancient road from Capua went on beyond the Vicus Dianae to the Volturnus (remains of the bridge still exist) and then turned east along the river valley to Caiatia and Telesia. Caiazzo (also Cajazzo) is a city in the Province of Caserta ( Campania) in Italy. Telese Terme, called simply Telese until 1991 is a city in the Province of Benevento, in the Campania region of southern Italy. Other roads ran to Puteoli and Cumae (the so-called Via Campana) and to Neapolis, and as we have seen the Via Appia passed through Capua, which was thus the most important road centre of Campania. Pozzuoli is a city of the Province of Naples, in the Italian region of Campania. There is also a small modern Greek Euboean city called Κυμη, near the ruins of the ancient Cuma Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the
Miscellaneous
Capua was included in the hit PC game Rome: Total War as the governing settlement of Campania and the capital of the Roman faction of Scipii. Rome Total War (often abbreviated to RTW or Rome) is a critically acclaimed Strategy game composed of both Turn-based
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Sources and references
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- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Santa Maria Capua Vetere is a town and commune in the Province of Caserta, part of the region of Campania (southern Italy) The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia
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