Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum cultivars
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Subclass: Asteridae Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Capsicum Species: C. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Magnoliopsida is the Botanical name for a class of Flowering plants By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its Asteridae is a Botanical name at the rank of subclass. Circumscription of the subclass has varied with the taxonomic system being The Solanales are an order of Flowering plants included in the asterid group of Dicotyledons Some older sources used the name Polemoniales The Solanaceae is a family of Flowering plants that contains a number of important agricultural plants as well as many toxic plants Capsicum is a Genus of Plants from the nightshade family ( Solanaceae) native to the Americas, where it was cultivated for thousands annuum
Binomial name
Capsicum annuum L.

Capsicum annuum is a domesticated species of the plant genus Capsicum native to Mexico. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Capsicum is a Genus of Plants from the nightshade family ( Solanaceae) native to the Americas, where it was cultivated for thousands The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America.

Description

The plant is a herbaceous annual, with a densely branched stem. A herbaceous plant (or in botanical use a Herb) is a Plant that has leaves and stems that die down at the end of Botanically an annual plant is a Plant that usually germinates, Flowers and dies in one Year. The plant reaches 0. 5–1. 5 m (20–60 in). Single white flowers bear the fruit which is green when unripe, changing principally to red, some varieties may ripen to brown or purple.

Cultivation

While the species can tolerate most climates, they are especially productive in warm and dry climates.

Due to this climate tolerance, and the variety of flavors available, this New World plant spread across the world, possibly faster than any other crop.

Typical C. annuum flower, Royal Embers.

Use

Food

The species is a source of popular sweet peppers and hot chili fruit, and numerous varieties are cultivated around the world. Capsicum is a Genus of Plants from the nightshade family ( Solanaceae) native to the Americas, where it was cultivated for thousands Despite being a single species, Capsicum annuum has many cultivars, with a variety of names. A cultivar is a cultivated Plant that has been selected and given a unique name because of its decorative or useful characteristics it is usually distinct from similar In American English it is commonly known as the chili pepper or bell pepper. Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. The chili pepper, chilli pepper, or chili, is the fruit of the plants from the Genus Capsicum, which are members of the nightshade

In British English, they are all called peppers, whereas in Australian and Indian English there is no commonly-used name encompassing all its forms, the name capsicum being commonly used for bell peppers exclusively. British English or UK English ( BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the Australian English ( AuE, AusE, en-AU) is the form of the English language used in Australia. Indian English comprises several Dialects or varieties of English spoken primarily in India, and by first-generation members of the Indian diaspora

Common varieties include:

• Aleppo
• Anaheim (also called California)
• Ancho (called poblano when fresh)
• Bell pepper
• Cascabel
• Cayenne
• Chilaca (called pasilla when dried)
• Chiltepin
• Cubanelle
• De árbol
• Dundicut
• Fresno
• Guajillo
• Hungarian wax
• Italian sweet pepper
• Jalapeño (called chipotle when smoked)
• Japanese
• Mirasol
• Macho
• Mulato (called poblano when fresh)
• New Mexico (known more widely as 'Anaheim')
• Pasilla (called chilaca when fresh)
• Pepperoncini
• Piquín
• Pimento (also called cherry pepper)
• Poblano (called ancho or mulato when dried)
• Puya
• Serrano
• Tien Tsin

Medicine

Hot peppers are used in medicine as well as food in Africa. The Aleppo pepper is a variety of Capsicum annuum named after the town Aleppo in northern Syria. The name Anaheim refers to a mild variety of the New Mexican Chili pepper and is a member of the Capsicum genus The Poblano is a very mild Chile pepper originating in the State of Puebla, Mexico. "Green pepper" redirects here For green peppercorns see Black pepper. The Cayenne is a red hot Chili pepper used to flavor dishes and for medicinal purposes Pasilla (pronounced pah-SEE-yah; literally "little raisin" refers to more than one variety of chile in the species Capsicum annuum. Chiltepin, also called chiltepe or chile tepin, is a wild Chile pepper that grows primarily in Guatemala, Mexico, and the The Cubanelle is a variety of sweet pepper. When unripe it is light yellowish-green in color but eventually turns bright red A guajillo chili ( chile guajillo in Spanish is a variety of Chili pepper of the species Capsicum annuum, which is widely used in The Italian sweet pepper is a variety of the species Capsicum annuum, like Bell peppers and Chilli peppers It has the appearance The jalapeño ( Nahuatl: xalapeño ( or /ˌhæləˈpeɪnjoʊ/ Castilian, Mexican) is a medium to large size Chili pepper A chipotle (tʃɨˈpoʊtleɪ chee-POTE-lay; Spanish tʃiˈpotle) is a smoke-dried Jalapeño chili used primarily in Mexican, The Country Club at Mirasol, also referred to simply as Mirasol, is a large gated community located in Palm Beach Gardens Florida. Mulatto is a term used to describe a person with one white parent and one black parent or a person whose Ancestry is a mixture of black and white The name Anaheim refers to a mild variety of the New Mexican Chili pepper and is a member of the Capsicum genus Pasilla (pronounced pah-SEE-yah; literally "little raisin" refers to more than one variety of chile in the species Capsicum annuum. Peperoncini are a variety of the species Capsicum annuum, like Bell peppers and Chili peppers They are also known as Tuscan Peppers Pequin (or Piquin) pepper (pronunciation pee/puh-KEEN is a hot Chile pepper, also known as "bird pepper" that is commonly used as a spice Pimento is sometimes a synonym for Allspice. The Pimento, Pimiento, or Cherry Pepper is a variety of large red heart-shaped The Poblano is a very mild Chile pepper originating in the State of Puebla, Mexico. The serrano pepper ( Capsicum annuum) is a type of Chili pepper that originated in the mountainous regions of the Mexican states of ^[1]

John Lindley (1799-1865) wrote in his 'Flora Medica' (1838) about Capsicum annuum, page 509: 'It is employed in medicine, in combination with Cinchona in intermittent and lethargic affections, and also in atonic gout, dyspepsia accompanied by flatulence, tympanitis, paralysis etc. Cinchona is a Genus of about 25 Species in the family Rubiaceae, native to tropical South America. Gout (also called metabolic arthritis) is a disease created by a buildup of Uric acid. Dyspepsia (from the Greek "δυς-" (Dys- and "πέψη" (Pepse known in plain English as indigestion, meaning hard Flatulence is the production of a mixture of gases in the digestive tract of Mammals that are byproducts of the digestion process Its most valuable application appears however to be in cynanche maligna and scarlatina maligna, used either as a gargle or administered internally. '

See also

• List of capsicum cultivars

References

External links

• Capsicum annuum (USDA)
• PROTAbase on Capsicum annuum

• Texas A&M University