Cape Canaveral from space, August 1991

Cape Canaveral from the Spanish Cabo Cañaveral, is a headland in Brevard County, Florida, United States, near the center of that state's Atlantic coast 45 minutes East of Orlando by car. Headlands and bays are two related features of the coastal environment Brevard County is a county located in the US state of Florida, along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It sits due east of Merritt Island, separated from it by the Banana River. Merritt Island is a Census designated place in Brevard County, Florida, United States. The Banana River is a Lagoon that lies between Cape Canaveral and Merritt Island in Brevard County Florida in the USA. It is part of a region known as the Space Coast, and is the site of the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The Space Coast is a region in the US state of Florida around Kennedy Space Center, where the U The Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS is a detachment of the 45th Space Wing (45 SW Patrick AFB provides headquarters functions from the 45 SW a major airfield Since many United States spacecraft are launched from both the station and the Kennedy Space Center on nearby Merritt Island, the term "Cape Canaveral" or "Canaveral" has become a metonym that refers to both as the launch site of spacecraft. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A spacecraft is a Vehicle or machine designed for Spaceflight. The John F Kennedy Space Center ( KSC) is the NASA Space vehicle launch facility and Launch Control Center ( Spaceport) on In Rhetoric, metonymy (mɨˈtɒnɨmi is the use of a word for a concept or object associated with the concept/object originally denoted by the word

Other features of the cape include Cape Canaveral lighthouse and Port Canaveral. The current Cape Canaveral Light was not the first lighthouse on Cape Canaveral. Port Canaveral is a major cruise and cargo Port located in Brevard County Florida. The city of Cape Canaveral is a few miles south of the cape. Cape Canaveral is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. Mosquito Lagoon, The Indian River, Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge and Canaveral National Seashore are also features of this area. Mosquito Lagoon is part of the Indian River Lagoon system and the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. Indian River may refer to the following Rivers In Canada: Indian River (Ontario, five rivers in Ontario by this name Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge is an important US National Wildlife Refuge on the Atlantic coast of Florida. The Canaveral National Seashore (CANA is a National Seashore located between New Smyrna Beach and Titusville Florida, in the United States

History

See also: Timeline Cape Canaveral

As early as the 16th century Cape Canaveral has been noted on nautical maps. Timeline of Cape Canaveral events are 1564 - John Sparke writes about his landing experiences with Captain John Hawkins 1788-April French A point of land jutting out into the Atlantic ocean with swift currents and coral shoals this area of Cape Canaveral became a landing spot for many shipwrecked sailors. It was named by Juan Ponce de Leon's historian as Cape of Currents. Juan Ponce de León ( IPA: /xwan'ponʒedele'on/ (1460 – July 1521 was a Spanish Conquistador. Author Henrietta Carr stated in her book that English privateer Master John Hawkins and his journalist John Sparke gave an account of their landing at Cape Canaveral in the 1500's. Robert Ranson in his book "East Coast Memoirs" writes about a Presbyterian missionary who was wrecked and lived among the Indians. Other histories tell of French survivors from Jean Ribault's Fort Caroline whose ship the "Trinite" wrecked on the shores of Cape Canaveral and from whose timbers a fort was built. Fort Caroline was the first French colony in the present-day United States.

Due to the hazardous of the Cape for shipping the first Cape Canaveral Lighthouse was built and completed in 1843. The current Cape Canaveral Light was not the first lighthouse on Cape Canaveral.

The 1890 graduating class of Harvard University started a gun club called the "Canaveral Club" at the Cape. This was founded by C. B. Horton of Boston and George H. Reed. A number of distinguished visitors including presidents Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison were reported to have stayed here. Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18 1837 June 24 1908 was both the twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States. Benjamin Harrison (August 20 1833 &ndash March 13 1901 was the twenty-third President of the United States, serving one term from 1889 to 1893 In the 1920s the grand building fell in disrepair and later burned to the ground.

In the 1900s several communities sprang up in Cape Canaveral. The area was predominately a farming and fishing community. One community was called Artesia and records indicate the following residents and their occupations:

• Burns, M. B. (fruit grower),
• Burns, R. G. (fisherman),
• Chandler, Wyatt. (fruit grower),
• Franklin, A. (painter),
• Holmes, G. W. (apiarist),
• Honeywell, CP. (lighthouse keeper),
• Jeffords, S. L. (assistant lighthouse keeper),
• Peterson, W. C. (apiarist),
• Praetorious E. (assistant lighthouse keeper),
• Quarterman, O. A. (Fishery),
• Thompson, T. (engineer),
• Wilson, F. A. (fisherman),
• Wilson, H. (fruit grower).

In the 1930s a community of wealthy journalists started a community called "Journalista" which is now called "Avon by the Sea". The Brossier brothers built houses in this area and started a publication entitled the Evening Star Reporter that was the forerunner of the Orlando Sentinel. The Orlando Sentinel is the primary Newspaper of the Orlando Florida region

The first rocket launch from the Cape was Bumper 8 from Launch Pad 3 on 24 July 1950. After a July 1946 suggestion by Colonel Holger N Toftoy to combine the V-2 rocket and Wac Corporal, the US Bumper Program was inaugurated on June 20 1947 Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. On February 6, 1959 the first successful test firing of a Titan intercontinental ballistic missile was accomplished here. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Titan was a family of US expendable Rockets used between 1959 and 2005 All manned U.S. government (NASA) spaceflights have launched from Kennedy Space Center on nearby Merritt Island. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program Spaceflight is the use of Space technology to fly a Spacecraft into and through Outer space.

Cape Canaveral was chosen for rocket launches to take advantage of the earth's rotation. A rotation is a movement of an object in a circular motion A two- Dimensional object rotates around a center (or point) of rotation The linear velocity of the Earth's surface is greatest towards the equator; the relatively southerly location of the Cape allows rockets to take advantage of this by launching eastward, in the same direction as the earth's rotation. The word linear comes from the Latin word linearis, which means created by lines. In Physics, velocity is defined as the rate of change of Position. The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the It is also highly desirable to have the downrange area sparsely populated, in case of accidents; an ocean is ideal for this. Although the United States has sites closer to the equator with expanses of ocean to the east of them (e. g. Hawaii, Puerto Rico), the east coast of Florida has substantial logistical advantages over these island locations. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} The tip of the cape is at LC-46 in Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS is a detachment of the 45th Space Wing (45 SW Patrick AFB provides headquarters functions from the 45 SW a major airfield

Name changes

From 1963 to 1973 it was called Cape Kennedy. President John F. Kennedy was an enthusiastic backer of the space program, and after his assassination in 1963, his widow Jacqueline Kennedy suggested to President Lyndon Johnson that renaming the Cape Canaveral facility would be an appropriate memorial. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of However, Johnson recommended the renaming not just of the facility, but of the entire cape. Accordingly, Cape Canaveral was renamed Cape Kennedy. Geographical renaming is the act of changing the name of a geographical feature or area

Although the name change was approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names of the Interior Department in 1964, it was not popular in Florida, especially in the city of Cape Canaveral, Florida. The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN is a United States federal body whose purpose is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic The United States Department of the Interior ( DOI) is a Cabinet department of the United States government that manages and conserves most federally Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the Cape Canaveral is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. In 1973 the state passed a law restoring the former 400-year-old name, and the Board went along. The Kennedy family issued a letter stating they "understood the decision"; Jacqueline Kennedy also stated if she had known that the Canaveral name had existed for 400 years, she never would have supported changing the name of the Cape. The Kennedy family are a family descending from the marriage of the Irish-Americans Joseph P The Space Center itself retains the "Kennedy" name.

Name origin

The name "Canaveral" (Cañaveral in Spanish) was given to the area by Spanish explorers. It literally means "canebrake". The name can be interpreted as "Cape of Canes".

The City

The City of Cape Canaveral is relatively small, with a population of around 10,000. Highway A1A runs through the City, and serves as the main link to other cities. Many houses in the City were built during the Apollo days in the 1960s and 1970s. However, in recent years, many houses are either being modernized, or demolished and replaced with new houses or condos. The City has a high divorce rate and a history of drug problems, but this detraction is largely overcome by proximity to the beach, Kennedy Space Center, and Orlando. The John F Kennedy Space Center ( KSC) is the NASA Space vehicle launch facility and Launch Control Center ( Spaceport) on Orlando is a major City in central Florida, USA and is the County seat of Orange County Florida.

In pop culture

• In The Simpsons episode "Deep Space Homer", a fictitious sign shows its pre-Canaveral name as Cape Arbuckle. " Deep Space Homer " is the fifteenth episode of The Simpsons ' fifth season and first aired on February 24 1994 In another episode, Ned Flanders greets Homer, with whom he is competing via craft rocket, "Greetings from Neddidy Space Center on Cape Flandaveral. "
• Made in 1964, but set in 2064, cult British TV series Thunderbirds refers to Cape Kennedy. Thunderbirds is a British mid-1960s television show devised by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and made by AP Films using a form of Puppetry
• The "Cape Kennedy" name shows up in some 1960s TV shows, at least in episodes of "Flipper" and "I Dream of Jeannie", both of which were set on the Space Coast. I Dream of Jeannie is a 1960s American sitcom with a Fantasy premise
• The name is also mentioned in the 1967 film "The Reluctant Astronaut". The Reluctant Astronaut ( 1967) is a Universal Pictures Feature film starring Don Knotts in a story about a kiddie-ride operator
• Cape Canaveral is referred to in the Descendents song "Blast Off", from the album Cool to Be You^[1]. This article is about the band For other uses see Descendant. Cool To Be You is the 2004 release by the punk band The Descendents on the label Fat Wreck Chords.
• Cape Canaveral is referred to in the Jack's Mannequin song "Cellular Phone".
• One of the stops in the FOX television show Drive, references Cape Kennedy as a clue, with 1973 and the name change cited as the Death of Kennedy, leading the racers to Cape Canaveral. Drive is a short-lived Emmy Award -nominated Television series created by Tim Minear and Ben Queen and produced by Minear Queen
• Conor Oberst from Bright Eyes recently performed a song called Cape Canaveral live with the Mystic Valley Band. Conor Mullen Oberst (born February 15, 1980) is an American Songwriter, Singer, Poet, best known for his work in

Trivia

The telephone area code for Cape Canaveral is, appropriately, 321. A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks A countdown is the backward counting to indicate the seconds days etc Area code 321 is the Area code serving Brevard County Florida.

References

2) ISBN 97807385523276

Images of America: Cape Canaveral

Author:Ray Osborne

External links

• Local history exhibit with photos.
• History of Cape Canaveral
• City of Cape Canaveral, FL
• Microsoft Terra Server image of Cape Canaveral and surroundings
• Google Maps imagery
• Discover Cape Canaveral, FL
• The Straight Dope: Why did they change the name of Cape Kennedy back to Cape Canaveral?
• NASA's official Kennedy Space Center page
• Map of Cape Canaveral, John F. Kennedy Space Center and the Space Shuttle Landing Facility
• Cape Canaveral travel guide from Wikitravel

Coordinates: 28°27′20″N 80°31′40″W / 28.45556, -80.52778