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Commune of Cannes |
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| Location | |
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| Administration | |
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| Country | France |
| Region | Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur |
| Department | Alpes-Maritimes |
| Arrondissement | Grasse |
| Mayor | Bernard Brochand (2001-2008) |
| Statistics | |
| Elevation | 0 m–260 m |
| Land area¹ | 19. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. France is divided into 26 regions or régions (in French of which 21 are in continental Metropolitan France, one is the island of Corsica, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (PACA ( Provençal Occitan: Provença-Aups-Còsta d'Azur in classical norm or Prouvènço-Aup-Costo d'Azur in Mistralian In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Alpes-Maritimes ( Occitan: Aups Maritims) is a department in the extreme southeast corner of France. The 100 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts. The arrondissement of Grasse is an arrondissement of France located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. 62 km² |
| Population² (2007) |
70,400 |
| - Density | 3,430/km² (1999) |
| Miscellaneous | |
| INSEE/Postal code | 06029/ 06400 |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0. As of January 1, 2008, 64473140 people live in the French Republic. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The INSEE code is a numerical indexing code used by the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE to identify various entities including communes Postal codes were introduced in France in 1972, when La Poste introduced automated sorting. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open | |
| 2 Population sans doubles comptes: residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) only counted once. C D E | |
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Cannes (IPA: [kan], in Occitan Canas) is a city in the French department of Alpes-Maritimes in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. Occitan ( IPA BrE: /ˈɒksɪtn/ AmE: /ˈɑksəˌtɑn/ known also as Lenga d'òc or Langue d'oc (native name occitan Alpes-Maritimes ( Occitan: Aups Maritims) is a department in the extreme southeast corner of France. Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (PACA ( Provençal Occitan: Provença-Aups-Còsta d'Azur in classical norm or Prouvènço-Aup-Costo d'Azur in Mistralian
Cannes is one of the best-known cities of the French Riviera. The French Riviera (Côte d'Azur Occitan: Còsta Azzura) is one of the most famous resort areas in the world extending along the Mediterranean Sea west It is a busy tourist destination and host of the annual Cannes Film Festival. The Cannes Film Festival (le Festival de Cannes founded in 1946 is one of the world's oldest most influential and prestigious Film festivals alongside Venice,
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History
There were civilisations in the area by the 2nd century BC. It’s believed the Oxybian tribe from Liguria created a settlement knownn as Aegitna. Liguria is a coastal region of north-western Italy, the third smallest of the Italian regions Historians are unsure what the name means. The area was a fishing village used as a port of call between the Lérins Islands. The Lérins Islands (in french les Îles de Lérins) are a group of four Mediterranean Islands off the French Riviera, near Cannes
In 69 AD it became the scene of violent conflict between the troops of Othos and Vitellius. Othos is the highest village in Karpathos, Greece. It is twelve Kilometres outside Pigadia. Aulus Vitellius Germanicus, born Aulus Vitellius and commonly known as Vitellius ( 24 September, 15 &ndash 22 December, 69
Cannes: the name
In the 10th century the town was known as Canua. The name may derive from "canna", a reed. Canua was probably the site of a small Ligurian port, and later a Roman outpost on Le Suquet hill, suggested by Roman tombs discovered here. Le Suquet housed an 11th-century tower which overlooked swamps where the city now stands. Most of the ancient activity, especially protection, was on the Lérin Islands and the history of Cannes is the history of the islands.
The birth of the "Suquet"
An attack by the Saracens in 891, who remained until the end of the 10th century, devastated the country around Canua. The insecurity of the Lérin islands forced the monks to settle on the mainland, at the Suquet. Construction of a castle in 1035 fortified the city by then known as Cannes, and at the end of the 11th century construction was started on two towers on the Lérin Islands. One took a century to build, the other three.
Around 1530, Cannes detached from the monks who had controlled the city for hundreds of years and became independent.
The Lérins Islands (Les Îles de Lérins)
During the 18th century, the Spanish and English both tried to gain control of the Lérins Islands, but were chased away by the French. The Lérins Islands (in french les Îles de Lérins) are a group of four Mediterranean Islands off the French Riviera, near Cannes The islands were later controlled by many, such as Jean-Honoré Alziary, and the Bishop of Fréjus. The islands had many different purposes; at the end of the 19th century, one was a hospital for soldiers in the Crimean War.
The Belle Époque (Beautiful Era)
In June 1838, construction of a harbor began. This brought new life to the community and the population rose. In March 1898 the harbor was completed, and the Casino Municipal and the Esplanade des Alliés were built on each side. Cannes lived from sea trade, the fishing, agriculture and small enterprises.
Lord Henry Brougham and Vaux bought land at the Croix des Gardes and constructed the villa Eleonore-Louise. Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux (1778 - 1868 was a British Statesman who became Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom His work to improve living conditions attracted the English aristocracy, who also built winter residences.
At the end of the 19th century, several railways were completed. This prompted the arrival of streetcars. In Cannes, projects such as the Boulevard Carnot, the rue d'Antibes and the Carlton Hotel on the Promenade de la Croisette were carried out. The InterContinental Carlton Cannes is a 338-room luxury Hotel, built in 1909 located at 58 La Croisette in Cannes on the French Riviera, and The Promenade de la Croisette (French "Avenue of the little cross" is a prominent road in Cannes, France After the closure of the Casino des Fleurs (hôtel Gallia), a luxury establishment was built for the rich winter clientèle; the Casino Municipal next to the pier Albert-Edouard. This casino was demolished and replaced by the new Palace in 1979.
Cannes in modern times
With the 20th century came new luxury hotels such as the Miramar and the Martinez. The city was modernized with a sports centre, street cars, a post office, and schools. There were fewer British and German tourists after the first world warbut more Americans. Winter tourism had gave way to summer tourism and the summer casino at the Palm Beach was constructed.
The city council had the idea of an international film festival shortly before World War 2. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The first opened on September 20, 1946, held in the Casino Municipal.
Cannes Film Festival is the second most recognized world event after the Olympic Games. The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games
Cannes Weather
The climate is Mediterranean and the city enjoys 12 hours of sunshine per day during summer (May to September), while in winter (December to February) the weather is mild. Both seasons see a relatively low rainfall and most rain is during October and November, when 110ml falls.
Summer
Cannes summers are long and hot, with summer daytime temperatures regularly hitting 40°C, while average temperatures are about 25°C. Temperatures remain high from June to September, the busiest time of the year. Despite the hot daytime temperatures, a Mediterranean breeze keeps summer evenings pleasant and cool.
Winters
Temperatures drop below 10°C for only three months of the year (December to February). The spring and autumn are also warm , although more suited to those who prefer slightly cooler weather.
Cityscape
La Croisette is the waterfront avenue with palm trees. La Croisette is known for picturesque beaches and for restaurants, cafés and boutiques. La Suquet, the old town, provides a good view of La Croisette. The fortified tower and Chapel of St Anne house the Musée de la Castre. The Man in the Iron Mask was imprisoned on the Îles de Lérins. The Man in the Iron Mask (French L'Homme au Masque de Fer (died November 1703 was a prisoner who was held in a number of jails including the Bastille
Museums
The Musée d'Art et d'Histoire de Provence houses artefacts from prehistoric to present, in an 18th century mansion. The Musée de la Castre has objects from the Pacific Atolls, Peruvian relics and Mayan pottery. Other venues include the Musée de la Marine, Musée de la Mer, Musée de la Photographie and Musée International de la Parfumerie.
The Villas of Cannes
Nineteenth-century Cannes can still be seen in its grand villas, built to reflect the wealth and standing of their owners and inspired by anything from medieval castles to Roman villas. Lord Brougham’s Italianate Villa Eléonore Louise (one of the first in Cannes) was built between 1835 and 1839. Also known as the Quartier des Anglais, this is the oldest residential area in Cannes. Another landmark is the Villa Fiésole (known today as the Villa Domergue) designed by Jean-Gabriel Domergue in the style of Fiesole, near Florence. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany The villas are not open to the public. Villa Domergue may be visited on appointment.
Île Sainte-Marguerite (St Marguerite Island)
It took The Man in the Iron Mask 11 years to leave this tiny, forested island. The Île Sainte-Marguerite is the largest of the Lérins Islands, about half a mile off shore from the French Riviera town of Cannes. The mysterious individual was believed to be of noble blood, but his identity has never been proven. His cell can be visited in the Fort of St Marguerite, now renamed the Musée de la Mer (Museum of the Sea). This museum also houses discoveries from shipwrecks off the island, including Roman (first century BC) and Saracen (10th century AD) ceramics.
Île Saint-Honorat (St Honorat Island)
Cistercian monks are the only inhabitants of the smaller, southern St Honorat Island. The Île Saint-Honorat is the second largest of the Lérins Islands, about a mile off shore from the French Riviera town of Cannes. Monks have inhabited the island since AD410 and, at the height of their powers, owned Cannes, Mougins and Vallauris. Medieval vestiges remain in the stark church, which is open to the public, and in the ruins of the 11th-century monastery on the sea’s edge. The monks divide their time between prayer and producing red and white wines.
Theatre and Music
Cannes is not renowned for traditional theatre. However, small venues stage productions and host short sketches during the annual International Actors’ Performance Festival. Popular theatres include the Espace Miramar and the Alexandre III.
Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes Film Festival (French: le Festival international du film de Cannes or simply le Festival de Cannes), founded in 1939, is the highlight of the city’s calendar. The Cannes Film Festival (le Festival de Cannes founded in 1946 is one of the world's oldest most influential and prestigious Film festivals alongside Venice, In May 2006, Hollywood Reporter acknowledged that Cannes is the "grandaddy of all film festivals". The private festival is held annually; usually in the month of May.
- Midem, a large market for disc and music
- Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival
- Carnival on the Riviera is an annual parade through the streets to mark the 21-day period prior to Shrove Tuesday. MIDEM (short for Marché International du Disque et de l'Edition Musicale is the world's largest music industry trade fair which has been held annually at the Palais des Festivals in Cannes France
- The International Festival of Games is festival of bridge, belote, backgammon, chess, draughts, tarot and more (February).
- Festival de la Plaisance is an event for boating enthusiasts in the Vieux Port(September).
- The International Actors’ Performance Festival: comedy sketches and performances by fringe artists
Economy
The area around Cannes has developed into a high-tech cluster. The technopolis of Sophia Antipolis lies in the hills beyond Cannes. The Film Festival is a major event for the industry.
There is an annual television festival in the last week in September. Mipim is a commercial real-estate exhibition place in March.
Cannes' industrial activities
The economic environment is based on tourism (business fairs), trade and aviation. Cannes has 6500 companies, of which 3000 are traders, artisans and service providers. In 2006, 421 new companies were registered.
Cannes hosts the Cannes Mandelieu Space Center, headquarters of Thales Alenia Space, the first European satellite manufacturer. The Cannes Mandelieu Space Center is an industrial plant dedicated to Spacecraft manufacturing located on both towns of Cannes and Mandelieu in France Thales Alenia Space is the company born after Thales had bought the participation of Alcatel in the two Joint-ventures between Alcatel and Finmeccanica This article is about artificial satellites For natural satellites also known as moons see Natural satellite.
Transport
Nice Côte d’Azur Airport
Located 15 miles from Cannes, Nice Côte d’Azur Airport has close to 10 million passengers a year. Terminal 1 can handle 4. 5 million passengers, Terminal 2 8. 5 million. See also: Cannes - Mandelieu Airport
By car
From Paris, the journey takes 8 hours via the A8 motorway; from Monaco and Nice, the same road provides access from the opposite direction. Cannes - Mandelieu Airport or Aéroport de Cannes - Mandelieu is an Airport serving the city of Cannes.
By rail
TGV rail services provide access from major French cities. Other cities with rail connections include Brussels (6 hours), Milan (5 hours), Basel (10 hours), Rome (10 hours) and Venice (10 hours).
By bus
Coach services arrive at the Gare Routière de Nice, outside of the city. Companies from abroad include Eurolines and Agence Phoceens. Regional services are by Rapides Côte d’Azur and CTM, with services from Nice and Grasse/Mandelieu respectively.
By ferry
Ferries are available from Bastia and Calvi in Corsica, with services provided by SNCM Ferryterranée and Corsica Ferries. From Bastia, the journey is 4 hours, 45 minutes on conventional ferries and 3 hours, 40 minutes on express ferries, while from Calvi, conventional vessels take 3 hours, 45 minutes and express vessels take 2 hours, 45 minutes. An average of four ferries a day sail on these routes, with more during summer.
Twin Cities
Cannes is twinned with
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External links
- Cannes at the Open Directory Project (English)
- The City Hall official website (French)
- Cannes Film Festival official website (French) (English)
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