Rattan cane

Caning is a physical punishment (see that article for generalities and alternatives) consisting of a number of hits (known as "strokes" or "cuts") with a wooden cane, generally applied to the bare or clad buttocks (see spanking), shoulders, hand(s) (palm, rarely knuckles) or the soles of the feet (foot whipping). Rattan (from the Malay rotan) is the name for the roughly six hundred Species of palms in the tribe Calameae, native to tropical Corporal punishment is the deliberate infliction of pain intended to Punish a person or change his/her behavior A cane is a long straight wooden stick generally of Bamboo, Malacca ( Rattan) or some similar plant mainly used as a support such as a Walking stick The buttocks (singular buttock) are rounded portions of the anatomy located on the posterior of the Pelvic region of the Apes including Humans Spanking is a form of Corporal punishment that generally consists of striking the Buttocks of a Child or Teenager, usually by the parents In Human anatomy, the shoulder joint comprises the part of the body where the Humerus attaches to the Scapula. The hands ( med / lat: manus pl manūs are the two intricate prehensile multi- Fingered body parts normally located at the end of each arm of a The foot is an Anatomical structure found in many Animals It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows Locomotion. Foot whipping, variously known as bastinado, falanga ( phalanga) and falaka ( falaqa) is a form of Torture wherein the The size and flexibility of the cane itself and the number and mode of application of the strokes (usually more numerous and faster when wielding a light, flexible cane) vary significantly.

Scope of use

Caning was a common punishment in many parts of Middle East & Africa, Asia and Europe and several European colonies in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, but has now been banned in most developed countries. Punishment is the practice of imposing something unpleasant or aversive on a person or animal usually in response to disobedient or morally wrong behavior The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. This article is about a type of political territory For other uses see Colony (disambiguation. It is often considered a cruel, inhumane and degrading punishment within the meaning of the United Nations Convention Against Torture, but remains legal in numerous nations. The United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment is an international human rights instrument, under the purview of

In some countries, caning is or was used as a judicial punishment for juveniles and in some cases for adults, but it is perhaps best known as a method of educational discipline in schools or at home. In law the term minor (also infant or infancy) is used to refer to a person who is under the age in which one legally assumes Adulthood and is legally A school (from Greek σχολεῖον - scholeion) is an Institution designed to allow and encourage Students (or "pupils" The western use of the cane dates principally to the late nineteenth century, when educationalists sought to replace birching – effective only if applied to the bare flesh – with a form of punishment more suited to contemporary sensibilities. Birching is a Corporal punishment with a Birch rod typically applied to the recipient's bare buttocks although occasionally to the back and/or shoulders The cane, if applied expertly, transmits much pain even through layers of clothing.

Judicial use

Judicial caning, carried out with a long, heavy rattan and generally much more severe than the canings given in schools, was a feature of some British colonial judicial systems, and in some cases is still in use in the post-independence era, particularly in south-east Asia (where it is now being used far more than it was under British rule) and in some African countries. Rattan (from the Malay rotan) is the name for the roughly six hundred Species of palms in the tribe Calameae, native to tropical A school (from Greek σχολεῖον - scholeion) is an Institution designed to allow and encourage Students (or "pupils" The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The practice is retained in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei (but not Thailand); in Indonesia it was introduced only recently in the special case of Aceh, on Sumatra, which since its 2005 autonomy has introduced a form of shariah, applying the cane to the clothed upper back in keeping with Muslim rules of modesty. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Singapore Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. See also Sultanate of Aceh Aceh (ʔaˈtɕɛh generally anglicized as ˈɑːtʃeɪ is a special territory ( daerah istimewa) of Indonesia Sharia ( Arabic: ar شريعة) is the body of Islamic Religious law. African countries still using judicial caning include Botswana, Tanzania, Nigeria and for juvenile offenders, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. The Republic of Botswana (Lefatshe la Botswana is a Landlocked nation in Southern Africa. Tanzania ˌtænzəˈniːə officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal The Kingdom of Swaziland is a country located in Southern Africa centred at approximately 26o49'S 31o38'E See also Great Zimbabwe National Monument. For information about the March and June 2008 presidential elections see Zimbabwean presidential election Other countries that used it until the late 20th century included Kenya and South Africa, while some Caribbean countries such as Trinidad and Tobago use birching, another traditional punishment in the Commonwealth tradition, which use a bundle of branches, not a single cane. The Republic of Kenya is a country in East Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north Somalia to the northeast Tanzania to the south The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (ˈtrɪnɪdæd ən təˈbeɪgoʊ is an archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast of the South American Birching is a Corporal punishment with a Birch rod typically applied to the recipient's bare buttocks although occasionally to the back and/or shoulders The English noun commonwealth dates from the fifteenth century.

In Singapore, healthy males under 50 years of age can be sentenced to a maximum of 24 strokes of the rotan (rattan) cane on the bare buttocks; the punishment is mandatory for over 30 offenses, mostly violent or drug crimes, but also some immigration violations, sexual offences and acts of vandalism. Singapore Rattan (from the Malay rotan) is the name for the roughly six hundred Species of palms in the tribe Calameae, native to tropical Vandalism is the behaviour attributed to the Vandals in respect of Culture: ruthless Destruction or spoiling of anything beautiful or Venerable It is also imposed for certain breaches of prison rules. A prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of The punishment is also applied to foreigners, despite controversy in the West.

Two examples which received intense media scrutiny are the canings in Singapore in 1994 of Michael P. Fay, an American student who had vandalised several automobiles, and in the UAE in 1996 of Sarah Balabagan, a Filipina maid convicted of homicide. Singapore Michael Peter Fay (born May 30, 1975) is an American who was caned in Singapore as an 18-year-old (25 days before turning 19 on May The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Sarah Balabagan (born August 16, 1979) (her Family name phonetically pronounced as Ba-la-BAH-gan was a Filipina prisoner in the United Filipinos or the Filipino people are the citizens of the Philippines. List of countries by homicide rate Homicide ( Latin homicidium, homo human being + caedere to cut kill refers to the act of killing another

Educational use in home and school context

The frequency and severity of canings in educational settings have varied greatly, often being determined by the written rules or unwritten traditions of the school. The western educational use of the cane dates principally to the late nineteenth century, in order to replace birching - which is only effective if applied to the bare flesh - with a form of punishment more suitable to contemporary sensibilities. Birching is a Corporal punishment with a Birch rod typically applied to the recipient's bare buttocks although occasionally to the back and/or shoulders For example, in some schools corporal punishment was administered solely by the headmaster, but in many English and Commonwealth private schools authority to punish was also given to other staff and even certain senior students (often called prefects). Corporal punishment is the deliberate infliction of pain intended to Punish a person or change his/her behavior Headmaster redirects here For the type of Transformers please see Headmaster (Transformers. Prefect (from the Latin praefectus, perfect participle of praeficere: "make in front" i A typical punishment in an English primary school in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century consisted of one or two strokes on the hand. In many secondary schools in England and Wales it was in use, mainly for boys and only infrequent for girls, until the early 1980s, while elsewhere other implements prevailed, such as the Scottish tawse. A tawse (the plural of Scots taw, a thong of a whip is an implement for Physical punishment, called tawsing. In this setting it was more often administered to the clothed buttocks, typically with the student bent over a desk or chair, and usually with a maximum of six "strokes" (known as "six of the best"). Such a caning sometimes left a student with weals and bruises, making it painful to sit down for days after the caning. This kind of school punishment for boys is still quite standard in a number of formerly British territories including Singapore, Malaysia and Zimbabwe. It had also been very common in Australia (banned in the 80's), New Zealand (banned 1990) and South Africa (banned 1997). For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa

In Malaysia, although the Education Ordinance 1957 specifically outlaws the caning of girls in school ^[1], the caning of girls, usually on the palm is still rather common, especially in primary schools but also occasionally in secondary schools. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and ^[2][3][4] On 28 November 2007, due to perceived increased indiscipline among female students, the National Seminar on Education Regulations (Student Discipline) passed a resolution to allow the caning of female students at school. ^[5] The resolution is currently in its consultation process.

The cane was also used more or less frequently on boy inmates at the British reformatories, which were known from 1933 to 1980 as Approved Schools. An approved school is a term formerly used in the United Kingdom to mean a residential instutution to which Young offenders could be sent by a court

Voluntary use

Caning is also a more severe but not uncommon sadomasochistic practice. Sadism refers to Sexual or non-sexual gratification in the infliction of Pain or humiliation upon or by another person In nineteenth century France it was dubbed "The English Vice", as it was believed that the English, in particular, derived sexual pleasure from corporal punishment, probably because of its widespread use in British schools. This term is still in occasional use.

'Night of the Cane', a national celebration of the art of caning is held each year in East London.

Cane types and terminology

Canes can be manufactured for disciplinary purpose in different sizes and weights, determining the potential severity of the punishment. The main types are often known by the age groups of intended victims, especially in the domestic context:

'Light' canes (about 8 mm in diameter and 60 cm long, according to some sources) are called junior canes, normally considered sufficient to punish young school children (except sometimes for the gravest offenses), and hence also known as school cane. However, in America, where the paddle took the place of the cane for discipline, the name junior cane was rather given to a ceremonial walking stick students parade with.

These terms are commonly used with reference to canes and caning:

• The term nursery cane is sometimes used for the lightest cane, as it would be used for children under school age
• The senior cane is a heavier type (about 10 mm thick, 75-80 cm long) than the junior cane and is frequently used for older children (or except for the lightest offenses); maybe synonymous is the adult cane.
• The reformatory cane was reserved for the worst, '(otherwise) incorrigible' juveniles. About 12 mm thick and 36-48 inch long, it was often reserved for older inmates and was used in severe cases; a similar term is Borstal cane (after the Borstal, a Commonwealth type of reformatory). In the United Kingdom, a borstal was a specific kind of youth prison run by the Prison Service and intended to reform seriously Delinquent young people
• The Singapore cane, used in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei for the judicial and prison punishment of adult criminals, is 13-15 mm in diameter and 1. 2 m long, and can cause deep wounds and permanent scars.
• The lathi designates the circa 1. 2 meter long and about 2. 5 cm thick bamboo cane, used by Indian police for (unofficial, even illegal) prison discipline.

The different varieties of rattan used are sometimes preferred because of their intrinsic severity. Of these, the common kooboo is considered lighter (if the same size) than the denser Dragon Canes; other common types bear geographical names such as Malacca (a peninsular Malaysian state) and Palembang (a city on Sumatra, Indonesia). Palembang is a city of 1286000 in the south of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.

For misbehaving children in Asia, most parents rather use available objects such as a wooden ruler or the handle end of a feather duster, which is usually made of narrow bamboo-like material, metal rods and coat hangers, which can often cause severe bruising to the buttocks. Rulering is the practice of using a Ruler as a convenient hence in some mainly scholarly traditions popular tool for a corporal punishment, usually on the Hands A feather duster is an implement used for cleaning It consists typically of a handle and a segment composed of natural or artificial Feathers which form the cleaning-contact

In some spheres the cane, which is typically used by a certain disciplinarian, is commonly called after him. Thus in the Royal Navy the bosun's cane was frequently used on the backsides of boys without ceremony (as opposed to publicly 'kissing the gunner's daughter', a formal bare bottom flogging on deck ordered by the captain or a court martial, usually involving birch or cat o' nine tails) on the spot or in the gun room, for daily offenses (at least one mid 19th-century captain had every single junior boy given six cane strokes every morning on various pretexts!) considered too insignificant to require written formalities or orders from an officer (who certainly could and routinely also did order the cane, actually wielding it was considered unsuitable for a gentleman), but more severe than the bimmy. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) Spanking is a form of Corporal punishment that generally consists of striking the Buttocks of a Child or Teenager, usually by the parents A court-martial (plural courts-martial) is a Military court. These military courts can determine Punishments for members of the Military subject The cat o' nine tails, commonly shortened to 'the cat' is a type of multi-tailed whipping device that originated as an implement for severe Physical punishment Flagellation is the act of whipping (Latin flagellum, "whip" the human body The cane in the hands of a corporal (especially of the Marines on board many fighting ships, often ordered to carry out formal punishment of crew members as well) was called stonnacky. In an attempt to standardize the canes (but the effective wielding is impossible to capture in written rules) the Admiralty had specimens according to all prevailing prescriptions, called patterned cane (and birch), kept in every major dockyard. The Admiralty was formerly the authority in the United Kingdom responsible for the command of the Royal Navy.

In ancient China, suspects or criminals were often caned, as punishment or interrogation, with large sticks or planks the size of an oar suited for today's small sailing boats. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The victim usually bleeds from the wound at the buttocks, can get infections if not treated instantly and generally must spend days in bed.

• Other, even lighter types of cane (e. g. as used for plant care) can also be used for physical discipline, especially in fetishist and BDSM circles; in fact the term caning is also used, sometimes even in stead of an existing specific term, for corporal punishment with an else-named but similar device, such as a pointing stick or ruler, especially if made of wood. A pointer or pointing stick is a solid rod used to point manually in the form of a Stick, but always finished off or artificially produced A ruler, or rule, is an instrument used in Geometry, Technical drawing and engineering/building to measure distances and/or to rule straight
• While the rattan never caught on in North America, the rather equivalent hickory stick (made from the native hickory tree) has also been a frequent, feared implement for school discipline, but like the freshly cut, flexible switch and other alternatives it gave way in the US almost exclusively (that is where corporal punishment persists or reemerges) to paddling with a flat wooden implement, while in Canada the strap was most used for severe physical discipline except in some private schools where even coils of electrical wiring or the broken handles of ice hockey sticks were sometimes used to beat students. Trees in the genus Carya (from Ancient Greek κάρυον " Nut " are commonly known as Hickory. A switch is a flexible rod typically used for corporal punishment of the Birching type called switching after it especially when For other uses see Paddle (disambiguation spanking paddle is a usually wooden instrument with a long flat face and narrow neck so called because Serine/threonine kinase receptor associated protein, also known as STRAP, is a human Gene.

Effects

Caning with a heavy judicial rattan of the Singapore/Malaysia kind can leave scars for years, especially where a large number of strokes are inflicted. However, this should not be confused with an ordinary caning with a typical light rattan (as formerly in English schools), which, although the recipient would find extremely painful at the time, would not leave with such long-lasting physical scars.

Famous men who have said they got the cane when they were younger

Shane Warne, in television interview with Michael Parkinson. Shane Keith Warne (born 13 September 1969 is a former Australian international Cricketer who is widely regarded as one of the Sir Michael Parkinson, CBE (born March 28 1935) is an English broadcaster and Journalist. ^[6].

Kevin Pietersen, in his autobiography entitled "Crossing the Boundary". Kevin Peter Pietersen MBE (born 27 June 1980 in Pietermaritzburg, Natal, South Africa) is an English Cricketer He is an attacking

Howard Donald, in Take That's first annual. Howard Paul Donald (born 28 April 1968 in Droylsden, Manchester, England) is an English Singer, Songwriter

See also

• Spanking
• Birching
• Caning in Singapore
• Flagellation
• Paddle (spanking)

Notes

References

• Gibson, Ian (1978). The English vice: beating, sex, and shame in Victorian England and after. London: Duckworth. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. ISBN 0-7156-1264-6.  
• Hardy, Janet. Janet W Hardy is a writer and sex educator and founder of Greenery Press. The Toybag Guide to Canes and Caning (Toybag Guide). Greenery Press (CA). ISBN 1-890159-56-5.  

External links

• CorporalPunishmentResearch, a vast repository of material concerning corporal punishments
• Video of Judicial caning in Malaysia on Liveleak (warning - graphic violence)
• Caning and BDSM BDSM Pictures
• Spanking Flash BDSM and Spanking Games