Camille Jordan

Marie Ennemond Camille Jordan (January 5, 1838 – January 22, 1922) was a French mathematician, known both for his foundational work in group theory and for his influential Cours d'analyse. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is the field of Mathematics. Group theory is a mathematical discipline the part of Abstract algebra that studies the Algebraic structures known as groups. He was born in Lyon and educated at the École polytechnique. ||-||} Lyon, also known as Lyons in English is a city in east-central France. For other Écoles Polytechniques see École Polytechnique de Montréal and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. He was an engineer by profession; later in life he taught at the École polytechnique and the Collège de France; where he had a reputation for eccentric choices of notation. The Collège de France is a higher education and research establishment ( Grand établissement) located in Paris, France, in the 5th arrondissement

He is remembered now by name in a number of foundational results:

• the Jordan curve theorem, a topological result required in complex analysis;
• the Jordan normal form and the Jordan matrix in linear algebra;
• in mathematical analysis, Jordan measure (or Jordan content) is an area measure that predates measure theory;
• in group theory the Jordan-Hölder theorem on composition series is a basic result. In Topology, the Jordan curve theorem states that every non-self-intersecting loop in the plane divides the plane into an "inside" and an "outside" Complex analysis, traditionally known as the theory of functions of a complex variable, is the branch of Mathematics investigating functions of Complex In Linear algebra, Jordan normal form (often called Jordan canonical form)shows that a given square matrix M over a field K In the mathematical discipline of Matrix theory, a Jordan block over a ring R (whose identities are the zero 0 Linear algebra is the branch of Mathematics concerned with Analysis has its beginnings in the rigorous formulation of Calculus. In Mathematics, the Jordan measure (also known as the Jordan content) is an extension of the notion of size ( Length, area, Volume) In Mathematics the concept of a measure generalizes notions such as "length" "area" and "volume" (but not all of its applications have to do with Group theory is a mathematical discipline the part of Abstract algebra that studies the Algebraic structures known as groups. In Abstract algebra, a composition series provides a way to break up an algebraic structure such as a group or a module, into simple pieces

Jordan's work did much to bring Galois theory into the mainstream. In Mathematics, more specifically in Abstract algebra, Galois theory, named after Évariste Galois, provides a connection between field theory He also investigated the Mathieu groups, the first examples of sporadic groups. In the Mathematical field of Group theory, the Mathieu groups, named after the French mathematician Émile Léonard Mathieu, are five finite simple In the Mathematical field of Group theory, a sporadic group is one of the 26 exceptional groups in the Classification of finite simple groups His Traité des substitutions, on permutation groups, was published in 1870. In Mathematics, a permutation group is a group G whose elements are Permutations of a given set M, and whose group operation Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

The asteroid 25593 Camillejordan and Institute of Camille Jordan are named in his honour. Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but

Camille Jordan is not to be confused with the geodesist Wilhelm Jordan (Gauss-Jordan elimination) or the physicist Pascual Jordan (Jordan algebras). Geodesy (dʒiːˈɒdɪsi also called geodetics, a branch of Earth sciences, is the scientific discipline that deals Wilhelm Jordan ( March 1 1842 - April 17 1899) was a German Geodesist who did surveys in Germany and Africa and In Linear algebra, Gauss–Jordan elimination is a version of Gaussian elimination that puts zeros both above and below each Pivot element as it goes from Pascual Jordan (b October 18, 1902 in Hanover, Germany; d July 31, 1980 in Hamburg, Federal Republic In Mathematics, a Jordan algebra is defined in Abstract algebra as a (usually nonassociative) Algebra over a field with multiplication satisfying

See also

• Jordan totient function

Books by C. Jordan

• Cours d'analyse de l'Ecole Polytechnique ; 1 Calcul différentiel (Gauthier-Villars, 1909)
• Cours d'analyse de l'Ecole Polytechnique ; 2 Calcul intégral (Gauthier-Villars, 1909)
• Cours d'analyse de l'Ecole Polytechnique ; 3 équations différentielles (Gauthier-Villars, 1909)
• Mémoire sur le nombre des valeurs des fonctions (1861-1869)
• Recherches sur les polyèdres (Gauthier-Villars, 1866)
• Traité des substitutions et des équations algébriques (Gauthier-Villars, 1870)

• The collected works of Camille Jordan where published 1961-1964 in four volumes at Gauthier-Villars, Paris.

External links

• O'Connor, John J. & Robertson, Edmund F. , “Camille Jordan”, MacTutor History of Mathematics archive