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Etymology
Camberwell appears in Domesday Book as Cambrewelle. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey [2] The name might derive from the old English Cumberwell or Comberwell, meaning Welsh well. Springs and wells are known to have existed on the southern slope of Denmark Hill, especially around Grove Park. Denmark Hill is an area and road in South London located between Camberwell and East Dulwich in the London Borough of Southwark. Alternatively, the name Camberwell may have come from the Saxon language, meaning Cripple Well, which developed as a hamlet where people from the City of London were expelled when they had life threatening diseases like leprosy, for treatment by the church and the clean waters from the wells. For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically A disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions and can be deadly Leprosy (from the Greek lepi (λέπι meaning scales on a fish or Hansen's disease, is a chronic disease caused by the bacterium
History
It was already a substantial settlement with a church when mentioned in the Domesday Book, and was the parish church for a large area including Dulwich and Peckham. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey This article is about Dulwich in London Dulwich South Australia is a suburb of Adelaide. This article is about the South London town For the villages in Kent see East Peckham and West Peckham. It was held by Haimo the Sheriff (of Kent). Its domesday assets were: 6 hides and 1 virgate; 1 church, 8 ploughs, 63 acres of meadow, woodland worth 60 hogs. The hide was a unit used in assessing land for liability to " Geld " or land tax in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th to the 11th centuries The virgate was a unit of land area measurement used in medieval England, typically outside the Danelaw, and was held to be the amount of The plough ( American spelling plow; both plaʊ is a Tool used in Farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed A meadow is a field vegetated primarily by Grass and other non- Woody plants. Ecologically a woodland is an area covered in trees differentiated from a Forest. Pigs, also called hogs or' swine', are Ungulates which have been domesticated as sources of food leather and similar products since ancient times It rendered £14.
Up to the mid-nineteenth century, Camberwell was visited by Londoners for its rural tranquillity and the reputed healing properties of its mineral springs. Like much of inner South London, Camberwell was transformed by the arrival of the railways in the 1860s.
Camberwell St Giles formed an ancient, and later civil, parish in the Brixton hundred of Surrey. Brixton was an ancient hundred in the north east of the county of Surrey, England. Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. [3] The parish covered 4,570 acres (18. The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U 5 km²) in 1831 and included Peckham to the east and Dulwich to the south. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of This article is about the South London town For the villages in Kent see East Peckham and West Peckham. This article is about Dulwich in London Dulwich South Australia is a suburb of Adelaide. The width of the parish tapered in the south to form a point at Crystal Palace. Crystal Palace is a residential area in South London, England named from the erstwhile local landmark The Crystal Palace, which occupied the [3] In 1801 the population was 7,059 and by 1851 this had risen to 54,667. [4] In 1829 it was included in the Metropolitan Police District and in 1855 it was included in the area of responsibility of the Metropolitan Board of Works, with Camberwell Vestry nominating one member to the board. The Metropolitan Police District (MPD is the area policed by London 's Metropolitan Police Service. The Metropolitan Board of Works (MBW was the principal instrument of London -wide government from 1855 until the establishment of the London County Council in 1889 In 1889 the board was replaced by the London County Council and Camberwell was removed from Surrey, to form part of the County of London. London County Council (LCC was the principal local government body for the County of London, throughout its 1889-1965 existence and the first London-wide general municipal The County of London was a ceremonial county and administrative county of England from 1889 to 1965 In 1900 the area of the Camberwell parish became the Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell. The Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London. [5] In 1965 the metropolitan borough was abolished and its former area became the southern part of the London Borough of Southwark in Greater London. Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England.
Early music halls in Camberwell were in the back hall of public houses. Music hall is a form of British theatrical Entertainment which was popular between 1850 and 1960 One, the "Father Redcap" (1853) still stands by Camberwell Green, but internally, much altered. Camberwell Green is a small area of Common land in Camberwell, South London. In 1896, the Dan Leno company opened the "Oriental Palace of Varieties", on Denmark Hill. Dan Leno born George Wild Galvin ( December 20, 1860 - October 31, 1904) was an English Music hall Comedian Denmark Hill is an area and road in South London located between Camberwell and East Dulwich in the London Borough of Southwark. This successful venture was soon replaced with a new theatre, designed by Ernest A. E. Woodrow and with a capacity of 1,553, in 1899, named the "Camberwell Palace". This was further expanded by architect Lewen Sharp in 1908. [6] By 1912, the theatre was showing films as a part of the variety programme and became an ABC cinema in September 1932 – known simply as "The Palace Cinema". A variety show or variety entertainment is an entertainment made up of a variety of acts especially Musical performances and Comedy Skits and Associated British Cinemas (ABC was a cinema chain in the United Kingdom. It reopened as a variety theatre in 1943, but closed on 28 April 1956 and was demolished. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [7] The 1957 film The Smallest Show on Earth[8] tells the tale of a struggling family-run suburban cinema, is thought to be based on the Palace. The Smallest Show on Earth is a 1957 British Comedy film, directed by Basil Dearden, and starring Bill Travers, Virginia Nearby, marked by Orpheus Street, was the "Metropole Theatre and Opera House", presenting transfers of West End shows. West End theatre is a popular term for mainstream professional theatre staged in the large theatres of London 's "Theatreland" This was demolished to build an Odeon cinema in 1939. Odeon Cinemas is the largest chain of cinemas in Europe It is owned by Terra Firma Capital Partners. The cinema seated 2,470. [9]
Today
Camberwell today is a mixture of relatively well preserved Georgian and twentieth century housing, including a number of tower blocks. Georgian architecture is the name given in most English -speaking countries to the set of Architectural styles current between 1720 and 1840 A tower block, block of flats, or apartment block, is a multi-unit High-rise Apartment building. Camberwell Grove and Grove Lane have some of London's most elegant and well preserved Georgian houses.
The crossroads at the centre of Camberwell is the site of Camberwell Green, a very small area of common land which was once a traditional village green on which was held an annual fair of ancient origin which rivaled that of Greenwich. Camberwell Green is a small area of Common land in Camberwell, South London. Greenwich ( ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ GREN-itch /ˈɡrɛnɪdʒ/ GREN-idge or /ˈɡrɪnɪdʒ/ GRIN-idge is a district in south-east London, The green was once a tranquil place, but, owing to the noise of passing traffic, now could not be described as peaceful. An extensive range of bus routes have stops at Camberwell Green (see the link to the bus spider map below for details). The Salvation Army's William Booth Memorial Training College, designed by Giles Gilbert Scott, was completed in 1932: it towers over South London from Denmark Hill. William Booth ( April 10, 1829 &ndash August 20, 1912) was a British Methodist preacher who founded The Salvation Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, OM, FRIBA ( November 9 1880 – February 8 1960) was an English Architect Denmark Hill is an area and road in South London located between Camberwell and East Dulwich in the London Borough of Southwark. It has a similar monumental impressiveness to Gilbert Scott's other local buildings, Battersea Power Station and the Tate Modern, although its simplicity is partly the result of repeated budget cuts during its construction: much more detail, including carved Gothic stonework surrounding the windows, was originally planned. Battersea Power Station is a defunct coal-fired power station in Battersea, London, that was the first in a series of large coal-fired electrical generating The Tate Modern in London is Britain 's national museum of international Modern art and is with Tate Britain, Tate Liverpool,
Camberwell is home to one of London's largest teaching hospitals, King's College Hospital with associated medical school the Guy’s King’s and St Thomas’ (GKT) School of Medicine. King's College Hospital is an Acute care facility in the London Borough of Lambeth, referred to locally and by staff simply as "King's" or abbreviated internally The Maudsley Hospital, an internationally significant psychiatric hospital, is also located in Camberwell along with the Institute of Psychiatry. The Maudsley Hospital in Denmark Hill, Camberwell, South London is unique as a Psychiatric hospital in that it was always intended to be a centre The Institute of Psychiatry (IOP is a research institution dedicated to discovering what causes Mental illness and diseases of the Brain. As well as the significant Camberwell College of Arts Camberwell is home to several art galleries including the South London Gallery and numerous smaller commercial art spaces. Camberwell College of Arts (formerly known as Camberwell School of Art and Crafts) is a constituent college of the University of the Arts London and is one of The South London Gallery is a contemporary art gallery in Camberwell, south London The annual Camberwell Arts Festival is well supported.
Transport
Camberwell is connected to central London by Camberwell Road in the north and Camberwell New Road in the west. The A215 is an A road in South London. It runs from Elephant and Castle to Shirley. The A202 is a primary A road in London. It runs from New Cross Gate to London Victoria station. It is very well served by bus routes: its location means that it is easy to travel into central London with journey times of 12-20 minutes, though often much longer in the rush hour.
Camberwell had been served by three railway stations until the First World War, Camberwell Gate, Camberwell New Road and Denmark Hill. Walworth Road railway station was a railway station on the London Chatham & Dover Railway which opened in 1863 on the route of the company's ambitous plan to extend into the Camberwell railway station was a railway station on the London Chatham and Dover Railway (LC&DR Denmark Hill railway station is a railway station in the London Borough of Southwark in London, England, on the South London Line. Like many less well used stations in inner London, Camberwell Gate and Camberwell New Road were closed in 1916 'temporarily' because of war shortages and were never reopened.
London Underground have planned a Bakerloo line extension to Camberwell on at least three occasions since the 1930s, and this is again said to be under consideration. The Bakerloo line extension to Camberwell is a proposed extension of the London Underground to Camberwell in South London by extending the Bakerloo [10]
Nearest railway stations:
Demography
The local ethnic mix includes a large proportion of people of Caribbean and African descent, a Greek Cypriot community, and number of immigrants of Middle Eastern origin. Loughborough Junction railway station is in Brixton, in the London Borough of Lambeth, between Elephant & Castle and Herne Hill stations Denmark Hill railway station is a railway station in the London Borough of Southwark in London, England, on the South London Line. The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. The area is also popular with art students, as it is home to the Camberwell College of Arts (part of the University of the Arts London - formerly the London Institute) on Peckham Road. Camberwell College of Arts (formerly known as Camberwell School of Art and Crafts) is a constituent college of the University of the Arts London and is one of The University of the Arts London, formerly known as the London Institute, is a Collegiate university comprising six Art, Design, Fashion King's College London (part of the University of London) also has a hall of residence (King's College Hall) on nearby Champion Hill. King's College London is a British Higher education institution and co-founding constituent college of the federal University of London. The University of London is a university based primarily in London, England, UK. Goldsmiths College is also found in nearby New Cross with many students living in Camberwell. For the Memphis department store see Goldsmith's. For other uses of the term "Goldsmiths" see Goldsmith (disambiguation.
People from Camberwell
Camberwell Beauty
The Camberwell Beauty is a butterfly (Nymphalis antiopa) which is rarely found in the UK - it is so named because two examples were first identified on Coldharbour Lane, Camberwell in 1748. list of people from the London Borough of Southwark includes residents who were either born or dwelt for a substantial period within the borders of this modern London borough Nymphalis antiopa, known as the Mourning Cloak in North America and the Camberwell Beauty in the British Isles, is a large Butterfly Coldharbour Lane is a road in South London that leads south-westwards from Camberwell to Brixton.
Nearest places
Trivia
- Jarvis Cocker frequently visited the art college in the early 1990s - Pulp's song "59 Lyndhurst Grove" is about going to a party on the Camberwell/Peckham border
- "Camberwell carrot" is the name of the enormous spliff rolled using 12 rolling papers, by Danny the dealer in the film Withnail and I[11]. Brixton is an area of the London Borough of Lambeth, in inner - South London. Denmark Hill is an area and road in South London located between Camberwell and East Dulwich in the London Borough of Southwark. This article is about the South London town For the villages in Kent see East Peckham and West Peckham. Walworth is an inner-city district in the London Borough of Southwark. Jarvis Branson Cocker (born 19 September 1963 is an English musician best known for fronting the band Pulp. Pulp were an English Alternative rock band formed in Sheffield in 1978 by Jarvis Cocker ( vocals Guitar) Withnail and I is a British film made in 1986 by Handmade Films. His explanation for the name is that "I invented it in Camberwell and it looks like a carrot". The carrot ( Daucus carota subsp sativus, Etymology: Middle French carotte, from Late Latin carōta, from Greek karōton
- Felix Mendelssohn stayed with relatives in 1842 and wrote a piano piece called "Camberwell Green", whose popularity increased after it was renamed the "Spring Song". Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, born and generally known as Felix Mendelssohn (February 3 1809 &ndash November 4 1847 was a German Composer
- W. S. Gilbert also made ironic mention of it in the comic opera, Trial by Jury. Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (18 November 1836 &ndash 29 May 1911 was an English Dramatist, librettist, poet and illustrator best known for his fourteen This article is about the comic opera For the legal institution see Jury trial.
- Muriel Spark's novel, The Ballad of Peckham Rye also makes mention of places in and around Camberwell
- UK dance act Basement Jaxx released a track called I Live in Camberwell
References
- ^ Southwark London Borough Council - Community guide for Camberwell
- ^ Mills, A. Dame Muriel Spark, DBE ( February 1, 1918 &ndash April 13, 2006) was an award-winning Scottish Novelist. The Ballad of Peckham Rye is a novel written in 1960 by the Scottish author Muriel Spark. Basement Jaxx are a critically acclaimed UK House duo comprising Felix Buxton and Simon Ratcliffe that rose to popularity in the late 1990s , Oxford Dictionary of London Place Names, (2001)
- ^ a b Vision of Britain - Camberwell parish (historic map)
- ^ Vision of Britain - Camberwell population
- ^ Vision of Britain - Camberwell MB (historic map)
- ^ Shaftesbury Avenue, Survey of London: volumes 31 and 32: St James Westminster, Part 2 (1963), pp. 68-84 accessed: 12 June 2008
- ^ Camberwell Palace Theatre (Cinema Treasures) accessed 12 June 2008
- ^ The Smallest Show on Earth (1957) at the Internet Movie Database
- ^ Camberwell Halls and Entertainment (Arthur Lloyd Theatre History) accessed: 12 June 2008
- ^ Tube line 'may extend south within 20 years'
- ^ Withnail and I (1986) at the Internet Movie Database
External links
- Camberwell Arts
- Camberwell College of Arts
- Camberwell Society
- Minet Conservation Association
- King's College Hospital Foundation Trust
- South London and Maudsley NHS Trust
- SE5 Forum, a community group
- The CamberwellOnline blog
- Camberwell Environment
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