Camber angle is the angle made by the wheel of an automobile; specifically, it is the angle between the vertical axis of the wheel and the vertical axis of the vehicle when viewed from the front or rear. A wheel is a circular device that is capable of rotating on its axis facilitating movement or transportation whilst supporting a load ( Mass) or performing labour in machines It is used in the design of steering and suspension. Steering is the term applied to the collection of components linkages etc Suspension is the term given to the system of springs, Shock absorbers and linkages that connects a Vehicle to its Wheels Suspension If the top of the wheel is further out than the bottom (that is, away from the axle), it is called positive camber; if the bottom of the wheel is further out than the top, it is called negative camber.
Camber angle alters the handling qualities of a particular suspension design; in particular, negative camber improves grip when cornering. Car handling and vehicle handling is a description of the way wheeled vehicles perform transverse to their direction of motion particularly during cornering and swerving This is because it places the tire at a more optimal angle to the road, transmitting the forces through the vertical plane of the tire, rather than through a shear force across it. This article is about tires used on road Vehicles including pneumatic tires and solid tires. Another reason for negative camber is that a rubber tire tends to roll on itself while cornering. If the tire had zero camber, the inside edge of the contact patch would begin to lift off of the ground, thereby reducing the area of the contact patch. Contact patch is the portion of a vehicle's Tire that is in actual contact with the road surface By applying negative camber, this effect is reduced, thereby maximizing the contact patch area. Note that this is only true for the outside tire during the turn; the inside tire would benefit most from positive camber.
On the other hand, for maximum straight-line acceleration, the greatest traction will be attained when the camber angle is zero and the tread is flat on the road. Proper management of camber angle is a major factor in suspension design, and must incorporate not only idealized geometric models, but also real-life behavior of the components; flex, distortion, elasticity, etc. What was once an art has now become much more scientific with the use of computers, which can optimize all of the variables mathematically instead of relying on the designer's intuitive feel and experience. As a result, the handling of even low-priced automobiles has improved dramatically in recent years.
In cars with double wishbone suspensions, camber angle was usually adjustable, but in newer with McPherson strut suspensions, it is normally fixed. In automobiles a double wishbone (or "upper and lower A-arm " suspension is an Independent suspension design using two (occasionally The MacPherson strut is a type of car suspension system widely used in modern vehicles named after Earl S While this may reduce maintenance requirements, if the car is lowered by use of shortened springs, this changes the camber angle (as described in McPherson strut) and can lead to increased tire wear and impaired handling. A spring is a flexible elastic object used to store mechanical Energy. The MacPherson strut is a type of car suspension system widely used in modern vehicles named after Earl S For this reason, individuals who are serious about modifying their car for better handling will not only lower the body, but also modify the mounting point of the top of the struts to the body to allow some inward/outward (relative to longitudinal centerline the of vehicle) movement for camber adjustment. Aftermarket plates with slots for strut mounts instead of just holes are available for most of the commonly modified models of cars.
Off-Road vehicles such as agricultural tractors generally use positive camber. In such vehicles, the positive camber angle helps to achieve a lower steering effort.
Contents |
Road camber
In roads, an adverse camber refers to any road that tilts on the same side that a vehicle leans to on a road. A road is an identifiable route, way or path between two or more places. [1] The term camber or cant refers to the way in which a road slopes from its centre. The cant of a Road (sometimes referred to as Camber or Cross slope) or Railway (also referred to as superelevation) is the difference Usually on a right hand bend the road would slope downwards from left to right, this is known as a crossfall camber or cross slope- the opposite to an adverse camber. Cross slope is a geometric feature of pavement surfaces the transversal slope with respect to the horizon Adverse cambers can occur at roadworks.
References
See also
External links
Caster angle is the angular displacement from the vertical axis of the suspension of a steered Wheel in a car, Bicycle or other In Automotive engineering, toe is the symmetric Angle that each wheel makes with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle as a function of static geometry and kinematicDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic