Calle 13
Lead singer Residente of Calle 13 during their first concert in Managua, Nicaragua. Managua is the Capital city of Nicaragua as well as the department and municipality by the same name Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America
Background information
Origin	Puerto Rico
Genre(s)	Alternative-reggaeton, Alternative hip-hop, Latin rap, Experimental
Website	LaCalle13.com
Members
René Pérez, a. Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Reggaeton (also spelled reggaetón, and known as reguetón and reggaetón in Spanish) is a form of urban music which became popular Alternative hip hop (also known as alternative rap) is a genre that is defined in greatly varying ways k. a. Residente Eduardo Cabra, a. k. a. Visitante

Calle 13 is a five-time Latin Grammy Award and Grammy Award-winning Puerto Rican hip hop and alternative-reggaeton duo formed by half-brothers René Pérez Joglar (born on February 23, 1978 in Hato Rey, a subsection of San Juan, Puerto Rico), who calls himself Residente (lead singer, writer) and Eduardo José Cabra Martínez, (born on September 10, 1978 in Santurce, another subsection of San Juan) who calls himself Visitante (multi-instrumentalist, particularly keyboards, vocals, beat producer). The Latin Grammy Awards were launched in 2000 with a telecast aired on CBS. The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. Reggaeton (also spelled reggaetón, and known as reguetón and reggaetón in Spanish) is a form of urban music which became popular Hato Rey is a district of San Juan Puerto Rico, in the northwest of the former Municipality of Río Piedras, and southwest of Santurce. San Juan (saŋ hwaŋ (from the Spanish San Juan Bautista, " Saint John the Baptist " is the Capital and largest municipality in A songwriter is someone who writes the Lyrics to songs the Musical composition (chords or Melody to songs or both Santurce is a district or barrio in San Juan Puerto Rico. The name Santurce comes from St A multi-instrumentalist is a Musician who plays a number of different instruments The Bachelor of Music degree usually requires a second instrument A musical keyboard is the set of adjacent depressible levers or keys on a Musical instrument, particularly the piano In the Music industry, a record producer or music producer has many roles among them controlling the recording sessions coaching and guiding the musicians organizing Their sister Ileana (aka PG-13) has contributed the female vocals to some of their songs, and so has Residente's mother, Puerto Rican actress Flor Joglar de Gracia (on the single "Tango del Pecado"). Flor Joglar de Gracia is a Puerto Rican Actress and Singer. She performed during the 1960s with a theatre Troupe known as "Teatro del Sesenta" " Tango del Pecado " is the first single from Calle 13 's second album Residente o Visitante.

Musical style

Although most people have labeled Calle 13's music as reggaetón, they have tried to distance themselves from the style. Reggaeton (also spelled reggaetón, and known as reguetón and reggaetón in Spanish) is a form of urban music which became popular Visitante, being a professional musician, tries to fuse diverse styles in the group's songs. Early cuts featured elements from jazz, bossa nova and salsa, while recent songs feature cumbia, tango, electronica and others. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Bossa nova ( is a style of Brazilian music popularized by Antônio Carlos Jobim, Vinicius de Moraes and João Gilberto. Salsa music is a diverse and predominantly Latin American Caribbean genre that is popular across Latin America and among Latinos abroad Cumbia is originally a Colombian Folk dance and Dance music and is Colombia 's representative national dance and music along with Vallenato Tango is a style of music that originated among European immigrant populations of Argentina and Uruguay. Electronica includes a wide range of contemporary Electronic music designed for a wide range In their recent tours around Latin America they have added different musical elements according to the place the band is playing in, yet many of their songs carry the traditional reggaeton "Dem Bow" ^[1] beat such as in their hit Tango del Pecado and the remix to "Suave". " Tango del Pecado " is the first single from Calle 13 's second album Residente o Visitante. Many of these other "traditional" sounds can also be heard in other reggaeton artists such as the salsa influence in popular reggaeton artist Daddy Yankee ^[2]. Ramón (Raymond Ayala (born February 3 1977 known artistically as Daddy Yankee, is a Latin Grammy Award -winning Puerto Rican Reggaeton recording

Singer Residente is reluctant to label their music in a specific genre, instead calling it plain urban style. Urban contemporary is a music Radio format. The term was coined by the late New York DJ Frankie Crocker in the mid 1970s He has a clear preference of hip hop over traditional reggaeton and both he and his brother justify it by saying that only three songs out of fifteen songs in their eponymous debut album, as well as four out of fifteen songs in their album "Residente o Visitante", feature reggaetón beats. Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. ^[3].

Residente's lyrical style is inspired partly by the lyrical approach used by artists such as Vico C and Tego Calderón, trying to minimize what they refer to as "clichés" of the genre -such as open confrontations with other rappers, known in Spanish as "tira'era", or tiradera. Vico C (born Luis Armando Lozada Cruz on September 8, 1971) is an American Rapper and Reggaeton artist of Puerto Tegui Calderón Rosario (born February 2 1972) is a Puerto Rican Rapper. Residente's trademark, by his own account, is a lyrical style full of sarcasm, satire, parody and shock value, which some critics and fans have likened to Eminem's. Sarcasm is stating the opposite of an intended meaning especially in order to sneeringly slyly jest or mock a person situation or thing Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human A parody (ˈpɛɹədiː US, [ˈpaɹədiː] UK) in contemporary usage is a work created to mock comment on or poke fun at an original work its subject Shock value is the potential of an image text or other form of communication to provoke a reaction of Disgust, shock, Anger, Fear, Marshall Bruce Mathers III (born October 17 1972 known as Slim Shady and his primary Stage name Eminem, is an Academy Award -winning It also uses Puerto Rican slang considerably (which in turns incorporates a sizeable dose of Spanglish), as well as allegory. Slang is the use of highly informal Words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker's Dialect or Language. Spanglish espanglish, espaninglish, el Spanish broken, ingléspañol, ingleñol An allegory (from αλλος allos "other" and el αγορευειν agoreuein "to speak in public" is a figurative mode of representation

Residente's distinctive lyrics treat a wide and random variety of subjects. Randomness is a lack of order Purpose, cause, or predictability He mentions (and sometimes derides) celebrities and known icons such as Diddy in the song "Pi-Di-Di-Di (La Especialidad de la Casa)" ("The Specialty of the House"); Mickey Mouse, Red Man, and 2Pac, in "Tengo Hambre" ("I'm Hungry"); 50 Cent in "La Crema" ("The Cream"); Madonna ("or better said, Maradona", Residente says) in "Sin Exagerar"; Puerto Rican singer Nydia Caro (rather affectionately) in "La Era de la Copiaera", wrestler Abdullah the Butcher in Tributo a la Policía ("A Tribute to Police"), and most controversially, his diss track aimed at the Federal Bureau of Investigation in Querido F. Sean John Combs (born November 4 1969 known by his Stage names Puff Daddy, P Mickey Mouse is a comic animal Cartoon character who has become an icon for The Walt Disney Company. Red Man is a leading brand of Chewing tobacco in the United States, produced since 1904 Tupac Amaru Shakur (June 16 1971 &mdash September 13 1996 also known by his Stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper Madonna Louise Ciccone Ritchie (born August 16 1958 known as Madonna, is an American Nydia Caro (born June 7, 1950) is an American & Puerto Rican actress and Singer. Larry Shreve (born Lawrence Robert Shreve on January 11 1941) best known as Abdullah the Butcher, and also at times the Madman from B. I. ("Dear F. B. I. "). The song "A Limpiar El Sucio" ("Cleaning Up The Dirt") is rumored to be a veiled (some say direct) attack on Puerto Rican entertainment journalist Millie Cangiano.

Visitante, on the other hand, is strongly influenced by electronica, world music, and particularly Latin American folk and popular music. Electronica includes a wide range of contemporary Electronic music designed for a wide range The term world music includes Traditional music (sometimes called Folk music or roots music of any culture that are created and played by indigenous musicians Recently, Visitante has claimed to be influenced by music from Central Europe such as Fanfare Ciocarlia (particularly its colaboration with Roma band Kaloome, also known as "The Gypsy Kings and Queens") and Emir Kusturica's group, "The No Smoking Orchestra"). Fanfare Ciocărlia (alternate spelling Ciocârlia) is a popular twelve-piece Roma Brass band from the northeastern Romanian village of Zece The Romani people (singular Rom, plural Roma as a Noun; also known as Romanies or Roma people) are an ethnic group with origins Emir Nemanja Kusturica, OF ( Serbian Cyrillic: Емир Кустурица ˈku In live presentations, Visitante can be seen playing a variety of instruments: an electric guitar, synthesizers, an accordion, a melodica, a Venezuelan cuatro and a theremin. An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder The accordion is a portable box-shaped Musical instrument of the hand-held Bellows -driven free-reed aerophone family sometimes referred to as a Squeezebox The melodica is a Free-reed instrument similar to the Accordion and Harmonica. The cuatro is any of several Latin American instruments of the Guitar or Lute family

Band History

Early years

Residente and Visitante come from a family with strong ties to the Puerto Rican arts community. Residente's mother, Flor Joglar de Gracia, was an actress in Teatro del Sesenta, a local acting troupe; Visitante's father (who later became Residente's stepfather) is currently a lawyer, but at one time was a musician.

When they were children, Eduardo would visit his brother at the Calle 13 (13th Street) of the El Conquistador subsection of Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico every week. Trujillo Alto (troo-HEE-yo AHL-to is a Municipality of Puerto Rico located in the Northern Coastal Plain and in the Karst zone north of Caguas Since the subsection is a gated community, visitors were routinely asked "¿Residente o visitante?" ("Resident or visitor?") by a security guard when approaching the community's main gate. Therefore, Cabra would identify himself as a visitor, while Pérez would have to insist -often, he claims- that he was a resident to clear the gate. The pair named themselves Calle 13 after the street their family's house was on. ^[3]

Residente originally studied to be an accountant, and his brother finished a computer science degree. An art course prompted Residente to pursue a career as a multimedia designer, and Visitante became a full-time musician and producer. Multimedia is media and content that utilizes a combination of different content forms. Besides this, Residente was a fan of what was then called "underground rap" in Puerto Rico, and started to earn a reputation as a lyricist (Residente says, with some embarrassment, that his moniker at the time was "El Déspota", or "The Despot"). Meanwhile, Visitante participated in Bayanga, a rock and Brazilian batucada group. Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Batucada is a substyle of Samba and refers to an African influenced Brazilian percussive style usually performed by an ensemble. ^[4]

After Residente finished studying in Georgia at the Savannah College of Art and Design (Sound Design), and after spending a stint in Barcelona sneaking into film classes, he returned to Puerto Rico. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule The Savannah College of Art and Design ( SCAD) is a private college with campuses located in Savannah and Atlanta, GA Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia Soon after, both of them started working in their music. They claim they initially did it as a joke, but they still managed to get some of their songs heard around. ^[4]

First Album

Querido FBI

Calle 13 (Visitante) during their first concert in Managua, Nicaragua. Managua is the Capital city of Nicaragua as well as the department and municipality by the same name Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America

At one time, Residente and Visitante sent a demo tape to Elías De León, the owner of White Lion Records, and the label offered them a record deal. A demo version or demo of a song (shortened from the word "demonstration" is one recorded for reference rather than for release — White Lion is a Reggaeton and Hip-Hop Record label that was founded in Puerto Rico. ^[4] While their first album was being mixed, Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, leader of the Puerto Rican revolutionary group known as Los Macheteros, was killed in the middle of a botched (some argue intentional) ambush-killing by the FBI that were trying to arrest him. Filiberto Ojeda Ríos ( April 26, 1933 &ndash September 23, 2005) was the "commander in chief" (" Responsable General The Boricua Popular/Peoples Army &mdash or Ejército Popular Boricua in Spanish &mdash is a clandestine organization based on the island of Puerto Details about this raid still remain unclear, according to a Puerto Rico Department of Justice's report issued on the matter on April 2008.

Angered by the FBI's action, Residente -a supporter of the Puerto Rican independence movement- wrote a song protesting against what had happened to Ojeda and asked his record label to allow the group to release it in the Internet through viral marketing through IndyMedia Puerto Rico, an alternative news website. The political movement for Puerto Rican Independence ( Lucha por la Independencia Puertorriqueña) has existed since the mid-19th century and has advocated Independence Viral marketing and viral advertising refer to Marketing techniques that use pre-existing Social networks to produce increases in Brand awareness The song, named "Querido FBI" ("Dear FBI"), and produced by the group and local DJ Danny Fornaris, was written, produced and published during the thirty hours immediately after Ojeda's killing. " Querido FBI " (" Dear FBI " is a song from Puerto Rican urban group Calle 13. The lyrics include the phrase "Sin cojones la radio y las ventas, White Lion me dió pasaporte para tirar este corte" ("Bollocks with radio and sales, White Lion gave me -free- passport to publish this cut"), evidencing Residente's wish to have the song distributed for free with permission from the label. Cojones ko'xones is a vulgar Spanish word for Testicles corresponding to "balls" or " Bollocks " "Bollocks" is a word of Anglo-Saxon origin meaning " Testicles quot

Public controversy about the song's lyrics ensured immediate attention from mainstream media in Puerto Rico, and gave the band instant rise to local fame. The song, according to critics, "redefined what a reggaeton vocalist’s relationship to Puerto Rico should be" ^[5]. Up to that moment, most local reggaetón artists had opted not to address political subjects in their songs. In comparison, "Querido FBI" became the subject of debate at a forum hosted at University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras soon after its release, and had its lyrics posted in local newspapers such as Primera Hora and Claridad. The University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Campus ( UPRRP) &mdashor Universidad de Puerto Rico Recinto de Río Piedras in Spanish &mdash is a Primera Hora is a newspaper based in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico and distributed daily throughout the island Claridad ("Clarity" is a Spanish-language Weekly newspaper based in San Juan Puerto Rico.

Eventually, a video clip for the song surfaced, which combines images from Ojeda himself, his burial, scenes from historical footage from the 1954 armed attack to the United States House of Representatives by Puerto Rican nationalists, and images of everyday Puerto Ricans holding protest signs. The United States Capitol shooting incident of 1954 was an attack on March 1, 1954 by four Puerto Rican nationalists who shot 30 rounds using automatic Spanish-Puerto Rican thrash metal band "Juerguistas y Borrachos" also issued a remix of the song, adding electric guitar riffs to it. An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder In Music, a riff is an Ostinato figure a repeated Chord progression, pattern refrain or melodic figure, often played by the Rhythm Both media items were also released to the public through viral marketing.

Album's success

Soon after this, the duo rose to fame in 2005 with two back-to-back hits on Puerto Rican radio stations: "Se Vale Tó-Tó" and "Atrevete-te-te!". “Atrévete-te-te” ( English: Dare (-re-re To be) is Grammy Nominated and one of the most well-known songs from the Puerto-Rican urban group Both songs were later included on their eponymously titled debut album. Calle 13 is the eponymous first album of the Puerto Rican duo of the same name.

The first song's title ("Se Vale Tó-Tó") is a play on words, subsitituting "to-to", a variation on the Puerto Rican slang term for a vagina ("toto"), for "todo" (all). The vagina (from Latin, literally " Sheath " or " Scabbard " is a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the Uterus An approximate translation of "se vale todo" is "all is allowed here", or more accurately, "anything goes"; the song's chorus is a reference to grinding while dancing. Residente personally directed and edited the video for the song, which was filmed on a relatively small budget of US$14,000.

The second single, "Atrevete-te-te!", fused Colombian cumbia with Puerto Rican slang and cultural references, and features a clarinet duo (clarinet music is often featured in music from Colombia's Caribbean coast), which is fairly reminiscent of a similar clarinet duo from Compay Segundo's song "Chan Chan". “Atrévete-te-te” ( English: Dare (-re-re To be) is Grammy Nominated and one of the most well-known songs from the Puerto-Rican urban group Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. Cumbia is originally a Colombian Folk dance and Dance music and is Colombia 's representative national dance and music along with Vallenato The clarinet is a Musical instrument in the Woodwind family The name derives from adding the suffix -et meaning little to the Italian word Compay Segundo, born, deceased, was a Cuban Musician and Songwriter. It became a major pop music hit in several Latin American countries.

After this rise to fame, the duo was sought by other reggaetón artists, and they collaborated with artists such as Voltio in the song "Ojalai" (also known as "Chulin Culin Chunfly", whose name is a minor variation of a song written by Mexican comedy writer Roberto Gómez Bolaños, of whose comedic characters Residente is a fan), and with the Three 6 Mafia in the remix, singing or co-writing songs. Julio Voltio (born Julio Ramos March 20, 1977 in Santurce Puerto Rico) is one of the Reggaeton genre's best-known artists Roberto Gómez Bolaños (born February 21, 1929) in Mexico City. Three 6 Mafia (formerly Triple 6 Mafia) is an Academy-Award winning American Rap group originating from Memphis, Tennessee At the end of 2005, they finally released their album, which received great critical praise and has been hailed as a cornerstone in Puerto Rico's musical history. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In 2006 the duo kept on working as they broke into a wider-music scene with at least two more smash hits that were played throughout Puerto Rico and U. S. Urban music radio and television stations, including the songs "Japón" ("Japan"), and "Suave" ("Soft/Slow"). The group also had their first massive-venue concert on May 6, 2006 at the Jose Miguel Agrelot Coliseum in San Juan. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The José Miguel Agrelot Coliseum, officially named " Coliseo de Puerto Rico José Miguel Agrelot " (and nicknamed El Choliseo, in honor of San Juan (saŋ hwaŋ (from the Spanish San Juan Bautista, " Saint John the Baptist " is the Capital and largest municipality in They also toured Central and South America, playing "Atrévete-te-te" before an ecola de samba in Venezuelan television, and also visiting, among others, Guatemala, Chile, Honduras and Colombia. Samba ( is one of the most popular forms of music in Brazil. It is widely viewed as Brazil's national musical style Guatemala (República de Guatemala) is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west the Pacific Ocean to the southwest Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Honduras in Spanish, República de Honduras) is a democratic republic in Central America. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America.

Critical Reception

Ever since Calle 13 first single ("Querido F. B. I. ") was heard on radio, they have been praised mainly for what many consider to be a unique musical and lyrical style. This was evidenced by the acceptance received by their debut album.

Criticism

Reactions to Calle 13 have been as strong as they are diverse. Residente's lyrics have received praise by some critics for being highly innovative when compared to those of other Latin urban acts, particularly for their clever use of pop culture allegories and play on words. However, they have been equally derided for their use of profanity, and for being violent, sexist and, in one instance ("Japón"), racist. The original meaning of the adjective profane (from the Latin for "in front of or outside the Temple " was to refer to items not belonging to the church Sexism is the belief or attitude that one Gender or Sex is inferior to or less valuable than the other and can also refer to a Hatred or distrust towards

In the band's first record, a subset of the University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras' Choir was used on the song "Sin Coro", as to evoke a sense of classical grandeur to a song that overtly claimed that its chorus was nonsense. The University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Campus ( UPRRP) &mdashor Universidad de Puerto Rico Recinto de Río Piedras in Spanish &mdash is a For the musical composition see Chorale. A choir, chorale, or chorus is a Musical ensemble of Singers Some critics praised the idea for its cleverness, while some others panned it for being too pretentious (and for being a low note in the Choir's 50-year history). As a response to this criticism, when Calle 13 performed its first major concert in Puerto Rico on May 6, 2006, the choir opened the concert by singing a sonata of profanities with classical overtones that resembled the styles of Tchaikovsky, Rossini and Leoncavallo, among others. Usage of sonata The Baroque applied the term sonata to a variety of works though most works in the Baroque Period were fugues and toccatas The original meaning of the adjective profane (from the Latin for "in front of or outside the Temple " was to refer to items not belonging to the church Ruggero (Ruggiero Leoncavallo (23 April 1857- 9 August 1919 was an Italian Opera Composer. This litany, with some minor changes, has since become the introduction to the album Residente o Visitante, and is used to present Calle 13's live presentations.

The back cover of Calle 13's eponymous first album featured Residente's real-life grandmother brandishing a pistol, which angered critics and social activists in Puerto Rico. Residente later remarked that the intention behind the photograph was that of both parody and social criticism: he wanted to evoke the feeling that violence in Puerto Rico has risen out of control to the point that old people such as his grandmother would have to bear arms to remain alive. He also acknowledged -rather angrily- that many of his grandmother's acquaintances had even harassed her for consenting to have her photograph taken.

Critics point out that many Calle 13 songs, besides "Querido F. B. I. ", advocate violence. Some of these songs include: "Algo Con-sentido" ("Somewhat Pampered", a play on words on "something that makes sense", since Residente insists in the song that its lyrics are incoherent), "A Limpiar El Sucio" and "Llégale a Mi Guarida" from the album Residente o Visitante. Residente counters criticism against this by remarking that references to violence in his songs are sometimes made tongue-in-cheek; he points to the outro to "Algo Con-sentido", where he shoots various fans (acting as a sociopath) and immediately after stops shooting and reminds fans that the shootings are "as fake as many reggaetón artists are out there". Sociopathy is a loosely-defined term that may be used to refer to Psychopathy Antisocial personality disorder Dissocial

Residente does acknowledge constant references to sex and sexual practices in many songs. Some of these practices include: fellatio ("Querido F. Fellatio, also called fellation, is Oral sex performed upon the Penis. B. I. , "La Fókin Moda" and "La Era de la Copiaera", among others), sex in public ("Se Vale To-To"), urolagnia (various), coprophilia and gokkun ("Mala Suerta con el 13"), and anal sex ("Uiyi-guaye"). Urolagnia (also urophilia, undinism) is a Sexual activity in which participants derive sexual pleasure from Urine and/or Urination Coprophilia (from Greek κόπρος kópros - excrement and φιλία filía - liking fondness) also called scat, is the Paraphilia is a genre of Japanese adult video in which a woman consumes copious amounts of Semen. Anal sex most often refers to the sex act involving insertion of the Penis into the Rectum. He reminds people that urban music is mostly sexual, and that, again, many of these references are made in parody (particularly in the song "Mala Suerta con el 13", where his duo partner in the song, Spanish rapper Mala Rodriguez, protests about the small size of his penis and his problems with premature ejaculation). The penis (plural penises, penes Premature ejaculation (PE also known as rapid ejaculation, rapid climax, premature climax or early ejaculation, is the most common sexual

On the subject of racism, "Japón" is criticized for its stereotypical depiction of Asians. Residente raps the song in conversational style with a fictional "Japanese" who actually speaks in Spanish with a strong "ching-chong" accent (using Chinese rather than Japanese phonemes). Ching chong is an Ethnic slur used to mock people of Chinese ancestry or other Asians who may look Chinese and an Onomatopoeia He then makes fun of the Japanese's proficiency in mathematics and martial arts and their lack of physical attributes such as large breasts and buttocks. The breast is the upper Ventral region of an animal’s Torso, particularly that of Mammals including Human beings. The buttocks (singular buttock) are rounded portions of the anatomy located on the posterior of the Pelvic region of the Apes including Humans Residente remarks that the song was actually written as part of the soundtrack for an experimental theater play in Puerto Rico, and thus does not necessarily reflect his own views; however, some Asian community groups in Latin America (particularly in Venezuela and Peru) protested about what they perceived were the song's many inaccurate Asian stereotypes.

Non-Puerto Rican critics have expressed their inability to understand much of Calle 13's Puerto Rican slang, as well as the many Puerto Rican cultural context and language references used in the band's songs. An example of these are two expressions, "¡Salamaya!" and "Guaynabo City" that were popularized by Puerto Rican comedian Sunshine Logroño. Emmanuel Logroño (born November 1, 1951, in Brooklyn, New York) better known as Sunshine Logroño is a Puerto Rican (Don Eleuterio Quiñones, voiced by Sunshine Logroño, is a recurring fictional character in Puerto Rican Radio and Television. Emmanuel Logroño (born November 1, 1951, in Brooklyn, New York) better known as Sunshine Logroño is a Puerto Rican Residente counters by saying that it was about time that Latin America opened up to Puerto Rico and Puerto Rican culture without the sometimes negative filtering and bias Latin American media outlets tend to apply to both. Bias is a term used to describe a Tendency or Preference towards a particular perspective, Ideology or result especially when the tendency interferes

Calle 13 has angered many Reggaeton artists such as Don Omar, Ivy Queen and Wisin Y Yandel for winning the Best Urban Album award in the Latin Grammy. Reggaeton (also spelled reggaetón, and known as reguetón and reggaetón in Spanish) is a form of urban music which became popular William Omar Landrón (born February 10, 1978), also known as Don Omar, El Rey, King of Kings, is a Latin Grammy Award Ivy Queen (born March 4, 1972) is a Latin Grammy and Billboard Latin -nominated Lo Nuestro Award -winner Composer and Wisin & Yandel (also known as El Dúo de la Historia, El Dúo Dinámico! or Los Extraterrestres) is a Latin Grammy -nominated Reggaeton The Latin Grammy Awards were launched in 2000 with a telecast aired on CBS. According to Ivy Queen she believes that Calle 13 is unfair in winning so many awards for there are many other talents in the genre. Such comments can be viewed on Youtube. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees Daddy Yankee believes that Calle 13 is a very talented group but has expressed his concerns about them as well. Ramón (Raymond Ayala (born February 3 1977 known artistically as Daddy Yankee, is a Latin Grammy Award -winning Puerto Rican Reggaeton recording Few rappers have supported the group, such are Tego Calderon and Julio Voltio. Tegui Calderón Rosario (born February 2 1972) is a Puerto Rican Rapper. Julio Voltio (born Julio Ramos March 20, 1977 in Santurce Puerto Rico) is one of the Reggaeton genre's best-known artists

Media exposure in Puerto Rico

In light of the criticism directed towards the band, Calle 13 has become a cultural reference to be reckoned with in Puerto Rico. An example of this is the constant references made to the band and to Residente by satirical writer Fiquito Yunqué in the weekly pro-independence newspaper Claridad. Carlos Federico Yunqué González, more commonly known as Fiquito Yunqué, is a fictional character (the name is actually a Pseudonym) who writes a weekly Humor Claridad ("Clarity" is a Spanish-language Weekly newspaper based in San Juan Puerto Rico. Yunqué's columns sometimes feature Calle 13 lyrics as their titles, and Yunqué even introduced the band onstage at one of their live performances in Puerto Rico (mentioned in the section "Major succcess in the Americas" below).

Acceptance of Calle 13's music even influenced the Governor of Puerto Rico, Anibal Acevedo Vilá who, in December 2005, admitted to listening to Calle 13 because his son had copied some of their songs to his iPod. The Governor of Puerto Rico is the Head of Government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. iPod is a popular brand of Portable media players designed and marketed by Apple Inc Acevedo claimed that "songs such as Calle 13's were eye openers" to him. As a result, since the country had a chronic problem of people being unknowingly injured or killed by stray bullets fired to the air on New Year's Eve, Acevedo felt compelled to invite the duo to La Fortaleza and to have them record a song against shootings bullets in the air as a way of celebrating the holiday. New Year's Eve is on December 31, the final day of the Gregorian year and the day before New Year's Day. La Fortaleza, ( The Fortress) is the current Official residence of the Governor of Puerto Rico. ^[6]

The single, "Ley De Gravedad" (Law of Gravity) was released as part of a public-service campaign for that matter. Some political adversaries of Acevedo dismissed this as a trick to ingratiate himself with Puerto Rican youth and pro-independence advocates, and was criticized by the local press due to the fact that an artist who seemingly promoted violence with their "Querido FBI" song was now supposed to be a role model for anti-violence. The term role model was introduced by Robert K Merton. Merton says that individuals compare themselves with "reference groups" of people who occupy the social However, the campaign was thought to be effective in reducing the injured, from twelve (and one death) the previous year, to three the year the campaign was run, though many members of the artistic community contributed to this effort in separate campaigns. ^[7]

Residente was also linked romantically with Denise Quiñones, Miss Universe 2001^[8]. Denise Marie Quiñones August (born September 9, 1980 in Ponce, Puerto Rico) was the fourth Puerto Rican winner of the Miss Universe Miss Universe 2001 was held at Coliseo Rubén Rodríguez, Bayamón, Puerto Rico on May 11, 2001. The apparent character mismatch between the two has fueled controversy in Puerto Rican media, and Quiñones's parents only met Residente nine months into the relationship.

Calle 13 recently teamed up with Julio Voltio to speak out against police brutality in Puerto Rico. Julio Voltio (born Julio Ramos March 20, 1977 in Santurce Puerto Rico) is one of the Reggaeton genre's best-known artists ^[9] After recording a song titled "Tributo a la Policía", Calle 13 distributed the single free on the streets in front of the Police Headquarters of San Juan. San Juan (saŋ hwaŋ (from the Spanish San Juan Bautista, " Saint John the Baptist " is the Capital and largest municipality in

International Exposure

As the duo has risen to fame, other international artists of various genres have sought them. In 2006 and 2007, they recorded songs with Canadian Nelly Furtado and Spanish Alejandro Sanz. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Nelly Kim Furtado (born December 2 1978 is a Canadian Singer-songwriter, record producer actor and instrumentalist, who also holds Portuguese Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Alejandro Sanz, born Alejandro Sánchez Pizarro on December 18 1968 in Madrid, is an Award winning Spanish pop / In their recent album, they feature contributions with such diverse groups like Orishas (from Cuba), Argentinian Vicentico (from Los Fabulosos Cadillacs), and La Mala Rodríguez (from Spain), among others. Orishas is a Hip-hop group whose members had emigrated from Cuba. The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Los Fabulosos Cadillacs are a Latin- rock band from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.

On May 19, 2006, the band celebrated their first international concert, held in Panama City to a crowd of 5,000. Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Panama City (Ciudad de Panamá is the Capital and largest city of the Republic of Panama. During the summer of 2006 Calle 13 was featured on MTV's My Block: Puerto Rico. MTV ( Music Television) is an American Cable television network based in New York City.

On November 2, 2006 the band won three Latin Grammys (Best New Artist; Best Urban Album; and Best Short Version Video, for the song Atrévete-te-te. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Latin Grammy Awards were launched in 2000 with a telecast aired on CBS. ) They later filmed a video along with Voltio for "Chulín Culín Cunflai", where Residente, dressed as a priest and later as Bruce Lee, is given a severe beating by a gang. Julio Voltio (born Julio Ramos March 20, 1977 in Santurce Puerto Rico) is one of the Reggaeton genre's best-known artists A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities Bruce Lee ( November 27 1940 – July 20 1973 was an American-born Martial artist, Philosopher, instructor, Martial arts actor and the

Residente o Visitante

On April 24, 2007, their most recent album Residente o Visitante was released. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Residente o Visitante is Calle 13 's second album released on April 24, 2007. Tracks in the album were partially recorded in Puerto Rico and while on tour in Colombia, Argentina and Venezuela. Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the This is part of a conscious effort by Residente to stay in tune with the local reality of the countries they have visited, hoping to learn the musical cultures, local slang, and street stories in the process.

Residente considered this album to be darker than the first, but also more introspective and biographical. As part of the album, Calle 13 filmed the video for their first single off the album, Tango del Pecado, on February 25, 2007. " Tango del Pecado " is the first single from Calle 13 's second album Residente o Visitante. The video suggests a surreal sequence where Residente and Denise Quiñones are married in a garden, with barbed wire physically separating their families, Sunshine Logroño dressed as an archbishop to marry them, Tego Calderón and Voltio acting as best men, and various peculiar characters surrounding them. Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early-1920s and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members Denise Marie Quiñones August (born September 9, 1980 in Ponce, Puerto Rico) was the fourth Puerto Rican winner of the Miss Universe Barbed wire, also known as barb wire (and frequently in dialect form spelled bob or bobbed) is a type of fencing Wire constructed Emmanuel Logroño (born November 1, 1951, in Brooklyn, New York) better known as Sunshine Logroño is a Puerto Rican In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated Bishop. In the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion and others this means that they lead Tegui Calderón Rosario (born February 2 1972) is a Puerto Rican Rapper. Julio Voltio (born Julio Ramos March 20, 1977 in Santurce Puerto Rico) is one of the Reggaeton genre's best-known artists Participants in wedding ceremonies, also known as the wedding party, include the bride and groom (or bridegroom) the maid of honor Gustavo Santaolalla intervened in the song's production. Gustavo A Santaolalla (born 19 August 1951, in El Palomar, Argentina) is an Argentine Musician, Film composer

Major success in the Americas

On November 8, 2007, Calle 13, along with Orishas, performed the song "Pa'l Norte" at the 8th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, held at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada. The 8th Annual Latin Grammy Awards were held on November 8, 2007 in Las Vegas, NV. Mandalay Bay Events Center is a 12000 seat Indoor arena on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise Nevada, USA. Las Vegas ( Spanish: "The Meadows" is the most populous City in the state of Nevada, the seat of Clark County, and an internationally Their live performance featured the percussion/dance group Stomp. Stomp is a non-traditional Dance troupe (originating in Brighton UK that uses the body and ordinary objects to create a physical theatre performance A troupe of dancers dressed in traditional Latin American garb and wearing bandannas in their faces (as if they were bandits) were also featured. A kerchief (from the French couvre-chef, "cover the head" is a triangular or square piece of Cloth tied around the This is about the film bandits as a general term refers to thieves. Two members of the traditional Colombian folk cumbia band Los Gaiteros de San Jacinto, as well as members from an indigenous tribe local to the Gaiteros' hometown in northern Colombia, followed Residente to the stage at the beginning of the song. Los Gaiteros de San Jacinto are a Colombian traditional folkloric Cumbia group originally from the Caribbean Region of Colombia. The subtext of the presentation was that Latin Americans were "invading the North" (the United States) and were there to stay.

Calle 13 earned two Latino Grammys later that night. The Gaiteros de San Jacinto, who had also received a Grammy for their album "Un Fuego de Sangre Pura", could only accept it when Calle 13 intervened to finance their trip to Las Vegas and obtain a temporary visa to visit the United States on their behalf.

The group's presentation was considered by critics and many viewers of the award ceremony as the highlight of the night. One approving viewer, sitting in the audience at the Center (and who was mentioned in ad libbed comments by Residente during the song) was salsa singer and international media celebrity Rubén Blades. Rubén Blades Bellido de Luna (born July 16, 1948) is a Panamanian salsa Singer, Songwriter, Lawyer, Blades is quoted as saying: "That combination of urban (feel), particularly the indigenous people's entrance, made such a big spiritual impression on me that I think it is one of the most special moments I've ever witnessed, as far as live presentations go". Blades later received Residente and Visitante in his native Panama, served as their host for one of the video podcasts in his website, and publicly gave them a copy of one of his songs' lyrics, expecting them to at least consider using them in a future musical collaboration. Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America.

A later tour of the Americas had Calle 13 perform to sell-out crowds in Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Uruguay and Argentina. The band also performed in the United States, including an appearance at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival on April 27, 2008. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival, often known as Jazz Fest, is an annual celebration of the Music and Culture of New Orleans and

The band received all three possible audience acceptance awards when they performed at the 2008 Viña del Mar International Song Festival in, Viña del Mar, Chile, taming the usually demanding crowd (traditionally nicknamed "El Monstruo", or "The Monster" -because of its fickleness- by Chilean media). The Viña del Mar International Song Festival (Festival Internacional de la Canción de Viña del Mar is a Music festival held annually during February since 1959 in Viña Viña del Mar ( Spanish: "Vineyard of the Sea" also known locally as La Ciudad Jardín (Spanish "The Garden City" is a Chilean They also performed to a sold-out crowd at Luna Park in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Luna Park is an 8000 seat Arena located on the corner of Corrientes and Leandro N Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. They finished their tour at the 34th. Annual Claridad Support Festival in San Juan on April 24, 2008, performing for one of the largest crowds ever assembled at the Festival (according to the newspaper's directorship board). Claridad ("Clarity" is a Spanish-language Weekly newspaper based in San Juan Puerto Rico. Denise Quiñones joined the band onstage for their abbreviated song set.

Awards

2006 Latin Grammys:

• Won: Best New Artist
• Won: Best Urban Music Album for Calle 13
• Won: Best Short Form Music Video for "Atrevete-te-te!"

2006 MTV Latin:

• Won: Promising Artist

2007 Billboard Latin Music Awards:

• Nominated: Best Reggaeton Album for Calle 13

2007 Latin Grammys:

• Won: Best Urban Music Album for Residente o Visitante
• Won: Best Urban Song for "Pa'l Norte"

2008 Grammy:

• Won: Best Latin Urban Album for Residente o Visitante

Discography

Albums

• Calle 13 November 29, 2005
• Residente o Visitante April 24, 2007

Singles

• "Se Vale To-To", 2005
• "Querido F.B.I.", 2005
• "Ley de Gravedad", 2005
• "Chulín Culín Cunflai" with Voltio, 2006
• "Chulín Culín Cunflai (Remix)" with Voltio & Three 6 Mafia, 2006
• "Atrévete-te-te", 2006
• "Suave", 2006
• "Suave (Blass Mix)", 2006
• "Japón", 2006
• "No Hay Igual (Remix)" with Nelly Furtado, 2006
• "La Jirafa", 2006
• "Tango del Pecado" featuring Bajofondo Tango Club & Panasuyo, 2007
• "La Cumbia de los Aburridos" featuring Manuel "El Zorazal" Meléndez, 2007
• "Tributo a la Policía", 2007
• "Pa'l Norte" featuring Orishas, 2007
• "Pa'l Norte (Remix)" featuring Don Cheto, 2007
• "Un Beso De Desayuno", 2008

References

External links

• Calle 13 Official Website
• video clip pof the song "Pal Norte"
• Rubén Blades interviewing Calle 13