| Calabria | |
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| Geography | |
| Status | Region |
|---|---|
| Capital | Catanzaro |
| President | Agazio Loiero (PDM-Union) |
| Provinces | Catanzaro Cosenza Crotone Reggio Calabria Vibo Valentia |
| Area | 15,081 km² |
| - Ranked | 10th (5. Catanzaro (Katantheros Katastarioi Lokroi is a city in Calabria, Italy, the capital of both the Province of Catanzaro and the whole region of Calabria The Southern Democratic Party ( Partito Democratico Meridionale, PDM was a centrist Italian political party based in Calabria. The Union ( Italian: L'Unione) was an Italian Centre-left Political party coalition led by Romano Prodi, the In Italy, a Province (in Italian provincia) is an administrative division of intermediate level between Municipality ( Comune The Province of Catanzaro (Provincia di Catanzaro is a province of the Calabria region in Italy. The Province of Cosenza (Provincia di Cosenza is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. The Province of Crotone (Provincia di Crotone is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. The Province of Reggio Calabria (Provincia di Reggio Calabria is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. The Province of Vibo Valentia ( Provincia di Vibo Valentia) is a province in the Calabria region ( Italy) recently set up by a national law 6 Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of These are ranked lists of the regions of Italy. Population figures are from 2001 0 %) |
| Population (2006 est. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology ) | |
| - Total | 2,004,415 |
| - Ranked | 10th (3. These are ranked lists of the regions of Italy. Population figures are from 2001 4 %) |
| - Density | 133/km² |
Calabria (Latin: Brutium), is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of the Italian peninsula. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Geography Southern Italy forms the lower "boot" of the Italian peninsula containing the ankle (Abruzzo and Molise and southern Lazio the toe (Calabria and the heel Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the It is bounded to the north by the region of Basilicata, to the south-west by the region of Sicily, to the west by the Tyrrhenian Sea, and to the east by the Ionian Sea. Basilicata is a region in the south of Italy, bordering on Campania to the west Apulia ( Puglia) to the east Calabria to Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy. The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. The region covers 15,080 km² and has a population of 2 million. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The regional capital is the city of Catanzaro. Catanzaro (Katantheros Katastarioi Lokroi is a city in Calabria, Italy, the capital of both the Province of Catanzaro and the whole region of Calabria The other main metropolitan areas are those of Reggio Calabria and Cosenza. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central Reggio di Calabria (Italian pronunciation /ˈrɛʤo ˌdikaˈlabrja/ Calabrian dialect: Rìggiu, Greek-Calabrian: Righi, Greek: Cosenza is a city in Italy, located at the confluence of the rivers Busento and Crathis. The demonym of Calabria is Calabrian (Italian: calabrese).
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Geography
Calabria is a narrow peninsula extending into the Mediterranean for three hundred kilometres. It is located at the toe of the "boot" between the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west and the Ionian Sea and Gulf of Taranto to the east. The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy. The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. The Gulf of Taranto ( Italian: Golfo di Taranto, Latin: Sinus Tarentinus) is a gulf of the Ionian Sea, in southern Italy It is separated from Sicily by the Strait of Messina, where the narrowest point between Capo Peloro in Sicily and Punta Pezzo in Calabria is only 3. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. The Strait of Messina ( Strittu di Missina in Sicilian) is the narrow section of water between the eastern tip of Sicily and the southern 2 km. Although the sea seems ever present in Calabria, it is mainly a mountainous region. Three mountain ranges are present: Pollino, the Sila, and Aspromonte. All three mountain ranges are unique with their own flora and fauna.
The Pollino Mountains in the north of the region are rugged and form a natural barrier separating Calabria from the rest of Italy. The Pollino (Italian Massiccio del Pollino) is a massif in the southern Apennines, on the border between Calabria and Basilicata, southern Parts of the area are heavily wooded, while others are vast, wind-swept plateaus with little vegetation. These mountains are home to a rare Bosnian Pine variety, and are included in the Pollino National Park. The Bosnian Pine ( Pinus heldreichii, synonym P leucodermis; family Pinaceae) is a species of Pine that occurs in the mountains of The Pollino National Park (Italian Parco nazionale del Pollino) is a National park in Basilicata and Calabria, southern Italy
La Sila is a vast mountainous plateau, about 1,200 metres above sea level, which stretches for nearly 2,000 square kilometres along the central part of Calabria. The Sila (or Italian La Sila) is the name of the mountainous Plateau and historic region located in Calabria, southern Italy The highest point is Botte Donato, which reaches 1,928 metres. The area boasts numerous lakes and dense coniferous forests.
The peninsula narrows at the Savuto river valley, which starts in the Sila and extends to the Gulf of Sant'Eufemia. The Savuto is a River and Valley in Calabria, Italy which lies at the intersection of the provinces of Cosenza and Catanzaro
The Aspromonte massif forms the southernmost tip of the Italian peninsula bordered by the sea on three sides. Aspromonte is a mountain massif in the Province of Reggio Calabria ( Calabria, southern Italy) This unique mountainous structure reaches its highest point at Montalto Uffugo, at 1,995 metres, and is full of wide, man-made terraces that slope down towards the sea. Montalto Uffugo is town and Comune of the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy.
In general, most of the lower terrain in Calabria has been agricultural for centuries, and exhibits indigenous scrubland as well as introduced plants such as the prickly pear cactus (it: Fico d'India). Opuntia is a Genus in the cactus family, Cactaceae. Currently only prickly pears (also known as Nopal or The lowest slopes are rich in vineyards and citrus fruit orchards. Moving upwards, olives and chestnut trees appear while in the higher regions there are often dense forests of oak, pine, beech and fir trees.
Calabria is a land of contrasts, in many respects, with below zero temperatures in the mountains in winter and temperatures sometimes over 40°C in the summer along low valley areas. The climate is typically Mediterranean (Köppen climate classification CSa), except at the highest elevations (DSa, DSb) and the more arid eastern stretches along the Ionian Sea. A Mediterranean climate is one that resembles the Climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, which includes over half of the area with this climate type world-wide The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist
Calabria is divided into five provinces:
History
Calabria was first settled by Italic Oscan-speaking tribes. The Province of Catanzaro (Provincia di Catanzaro is a province of the Calabria region in Italy. The Province of Cosenza (Provincia di Cosenza is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. The Province of Crotone (Provincia di Crotone is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. The Province of Reggio Calabria (Provincia di Reggio Calabria is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. The Province of Vibo Valentia ( Provincia di Vibo Valentia) is a province in the Calabria region ( Italy) recently set up by a national law 6 Oscan, the language of the Osci, is in the Sabellic branch of the Italic language family, which is a branch of Indo-European that also includes Two of these tribes included the Oenotri (roughly translated into the "vine-cultivators") and the Itali. The Oenotrians (a Greek tribe led by Oenotrus) were an ancient Italic people who settled a territory of remarkably large dimensions including the region of Apulia Greek contact with the latter resulted in the entire peninsula (modern Italy) taking the name of the tribe.
Greeks settled heavily along the coast at an early date and several of their settlements, including the first Italian city called Rhegion (Reggio Calabria), and the next ones Sybaris, Kroton (Crotone), and Locri, were numbered among the leading cities of Magna Graecia during the 6th and 5th centuries BC. The Greeks ( Greek: Έλληνες) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions Reggio di Calabria (Italian pronunciation /ˈrɛʤo ˌdikaˈlabrja/ Calabrian dialect: Rìggiu, Greek-Calabrian: Righi, Greek: Sybaris ( Greek:) was a celebrated city of Magna Graecia on the western shore of the Gulf of Taranto. Croton may also refer to a plant genus See Croton (genus. Or to the NY village Croton-on-Hudson. Locri is a town and Comune (municipality in the Province of Reggio Calabria, The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC. The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. Conquered by the Romans in the 3rd century BC, the region never regained its former prosperity. The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC
The Greeks were conquered by the 3rd century BC by roving Oscan tribes from the north, including a branch of the Samnites called the Lucanians and an offshoot of the Lucanians called the Bruttii. The Lucani ( Lucanians) were an ancient people of Italy who spoke an Oscan language, a member of the Italic languages. The Bruttii ( Greek:, Italian: Bruzi were an ancient Italic people who inhabited the southern extremity of Italy, from the frontiers of The Bruttii established the main cities of Calabria, including the modern capital, Cosenza (then called Consentia). Cosenza is a city in Italy, located at the confluence of the rivers Busento and Crathis.
After the fall of the Roman Empire the inhabitants were in large part driven inland by the spread of Malaria and, from the early Middle Ages until the XVII century, by pirate raids. Malaria is a vector -borne Infectious disease caused by Protozoan Parasites It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions including Calabria was devastated during the Gothic War before it came under the rule of a local dux for the Byzantine Empire. See Gothic War (376-382 for the war on the Danube The Gothic War was a war fought in Italy and the adjoining regions of Dalmatia, Sardinia In the 9th and 10th centuries, Calabria, which had been the rich breadbasket of Rome before Egypt was conquered, was the borderland between Byzantine rule and the Arab emirs in Sicily, subject to raids and skirmishes, depopulated and demoralized, with vibrant Greek monasteries providing fortresses of culture. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. In the 1060s, Normans under the leadership of Robert Guiscard's brother Roger established a presence in this borderland, and organized a government along Byzantine lines that was run by the local Greek magnates of Calabria. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. Robert Guiscard (from Latin Viscardus and Old French Viscart, often rendered the Resourceful, the Cunning, the Wily Mark from the Old English mearc and march (or various plural forms of these words derived from the Frankish word marka ("boundary" In 1098, Pope Urban II named Roger the equivalence of an apostolic legate. Pope The Hauteville clan later formed the precursors of the Kingdom of Naples, which ruled Calabria until the unification of Italy. The Kingdom of Naples was an informal name of the Polity officially known as the Kingdom of Sicily which existed on the mainland of the southern Italian Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest This kingdom itself came under many rulers: the Habsburg dynasties of both Spain and Austria; the Franco-Spanish Bourbon dynasty, Napoleon's brother Joseph Bonaparte, and then French Marshal Joachim Murat, who was executed in the small town of Pizzo. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. Joseph-Napoléon Bonaparte King of Naples and Sicily, King of Spain (during a time) and the Indies (never de facto and never de iure Joachim-Napoléon Murat (born Joachim Murat) ( Gioacchino Napoleone Murat) ( March 25 1767 &ndash October 13 1815) Pizzo is a seaport and commune in the Province of Vibo Valentia ( Calabria, Italy) situated on a steep cliff overlooking the Gulf of Santa Eufemia
Calabria experienced a series of peasant revolts as part of the European Revolutions of 1848. The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European This set the stage for the eventual unification with the rest of Italy in 1861, when the Kingdom of Naples was brought into the union by Giuseppe Garibaldi. Year 1861 ( MDCCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Kingdom of Naples was an informal name of the Polity officially known as the Kingdom of Sicily which existed on the mainland of the southern Italian Garibaldi redirects here for other meanings see Garibaldi (disambiguation. The Aspromonte was the scene of a famous battle of the unification of Italy, in which Garibaldi was wounded. Aspromonte is a mountain massif in the Province of Reggio Calabria ( Calabria, southern Italy)
The 'Ndrangheta organized crime families of Calabria began to appear in 1860; they now rival in power the better known Cosa Nostra of nearby Sicily, though they operate completely independently from the Sicilians and are especially active in the cocaine trade. The Calabrian 'Ndrangheta (from the Greek word andragathía for " Heroism " and " Virtue "—"The The Mafia (also known as Cosa Nostra) is a Sicilian Criminal Secret society which is believed to have first developed in the mid-19th century Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. Cocaine ( benzoylmethyl ecgonine) is a Crystalline Tropane Alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the Coca plant
Until recently, the Mezzogiorno (southern Italy) was among the poorest regions of Europe and impoverished Calabria was a main source for the Italian diaspora of the early 20th Century. Geography Southern Italy forms the lower "boot" of the Italian peninsula containing the ankle (Abruzzo and Molise and southern Lazio the toe (Calabria and the heel The term Italian Diaspora refers to the large-scale migration of Italians away from Italy in the period roughly between the unification of Italy in 1861 and the beginning of Many Calabrians moved to the industrial centres of northern Italy, the rest of Europe, Australia and the Americas (especially Argentina, Brazil, Canada, and the United States). Related categories Central Italy Southern Italy Insular Italy Northeast Italy For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Today, there is increased affluence and a much improved economy based on modern agriculture, tourism, and a growing commercial base. Even though the per capita income is still well below that of northern Italy and central Italy, it has improved to the point where it is approaching the European Union median. Related categories Central Italy Southern Italy Insular Italy Northeast Italy Central Italy is a geographic area in Italy that encompasses four of the country's 20 autonomous regions: Lazio Marches The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in [1]
Politics
Demographics
Towns of Calabria with a population of 50,000 or more:
| City | Population |
|---|---|
| Reggio Calabria | 184,504 |
| Catanzaro | 95,099 |
| Cosenza | 70,680 |
| Lamezia Terme | 70,366 |
| Crotone | 60,517 |
The following table indicates the population by province:
| Province | Population |
|---|---|
| Province of Cosenza | 732,615 |
| Province of Reggio Calabria | 565,866 |
| Province of Catanzaro | 368,923 |
| Province of Crotone | 172,970 |
| Province of Vibo Valentia | 168,894 |
Resident population as of 1 January 2005, source Istat
Culture
Main sights
Tourism in Calabria has increased over the years. The main tourist draws in Calabria are the coastline and the mountains. The coastline alternates between rugged cliffs and sandy beaches, and is sparsely interrupted by development when compared to other European seaside destinations. The sea around Calabria is clear, and there is a good level of tourist accommodation. The poet Gabriele D'Annunzio called the coast facing Sicily near Reggio Calabria ". Gabriele d'Annunzio ( 12 March 1863 &ndash 1 March 1938) was an Italian Poet, Journalist, Novelist . . the most beautiful kilometer in Italy" (il più bel chilometro d'Italia). The primary mountain tourist draws are Aspromonte and La Sila, with its national park and lakes. Aspromonte is a mountain massif in the Province of Reggio Calabria ( Calabria, southern Italy) The Sila (or Italian La Sila) is the name of the mountainous Plateau and historic region located in Calabria, southern Italy Some other prominent destinations include:
- Reggio Calabria, on the strait between the mainland and Sicily, the largest and oldest city in Calabria, renowned for its fabulous panoramic seaside with botanical gardens between the art nouveau buildings and the beautiful beaches, and its 3,000 years of history with the old Aragonian Castle and the great National Museum of Magna Grecia where the famous Riace Warriors (Bronzi di Riace) are located. Reggio di Calabria (Italian pronunciation /ˈrɛʤo ˌdikaˈlabrja/ Calabrian dialect: Rìggiu, Greek-Calabrian: Righi, Greek: Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international The Bronzi di Riace ( Italian for "Riace bronzes") are two famous
- Cosenza, seat of the Cosentian Academy, is renowned for its cultural institutions, the old quarter, a Romanesque Cathedral and a Swabian Castle. Cosenza is a city in Italy, located at the confluence of the rivers Busento and Crathis. The Cosentian Academy ( Accademia Cosentina in Italian) was founded in Cosenza, Italy, by Aulo Giano Parassio in 1511 Regional characteristics of Romanesque architecture|Romanesque art Romanesque architecture is the term that is used to describe the architecture of Middle Ages Europe which
- Sybaris, on the Ionian sea, is a village situated near the excavation of ancient Sybaris, a Greek colony of the VII century B. Sybaris ( Greek:) was a celebrated city of Magna Graecia on the western shore of the Gulf of Taranto. C.
- Scilla, on the Tyrrhenian Sea, "pearl" of the "Violet Coast", has delightful panorama, important religious traditions, and is the site of some of Homer's tales. Scilla (Skylla is a town in Calabria, Italy, administratively part of the Province of Reggio Calabria. The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy. Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the
- Tropea, on the Tyrrhenian Sea coast, is a beautiful town, with a drammatic seaside beach, and the Santa Maria dell'Isola sanctuary. Tropea is also a village in the prefecture of Arcadia in Greece see by the alternative name of Tropaia Tropea (Tropaea Trophea The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy. It is also renowned for its sweet red onions (mainly produced in Ricadi). Organicsalsajpg||thumb|right|Onions used in salsa.]]Cooked onions in frying pan Ricadi (Rigadion is a small rural town as well as a municipality located along the Tyrrhenian coast in the Province of Vibo Valentia) in the Italian
- Capo Vaticano on the Tyrrhenian Sea, is a very famous wide bathing place near Tropea. Capo Vaticano is a wide bathing place in the Municipality of Ricadi in Calabria, Italy. The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy.
- Siderno on the Ionian Sea coast. Siderno (Siderinò is a town located in Calabria, Italy about 3 kilometres from the small town of Locri, Calabria The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea.
- Gerace, near Locri, is a beautiful medieval city with a Norman castle and an ancient cathedral. Gerace (Ierax Gerakion is a town in the Province of Reggio Calabria, Calabria, Italy. Locri is a town and Comune (municipality in the Province of Reggio Calabria,
- Squillace, a seaside resort and important archeological site
- Stilo, the home of Tommaso Campanella, with its Norman castle and beautiful Byzantine church, the Cattolica. Squillace (Skyllision Skyllition is an ancient seaside town and Comune, in the Province of Catanzaro, part of Calabria, southern Italy Stilo (Stylos column) is a town and commune in the Province of Reggio Calabria, in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Tommaso Campanella ( September 5, 1568 &ndash May 21, 1639) baptized Giovanni Domenico Campanella, was an Italian Byzantine architecture is the Architecture of the Byzantine Empire.
- Pizzo, on the Tyrrhenian Sea coast, known for its ice cream called "Tartufo". Pizzo is a seaport and commune in the Province of Vibo Valentia ( Calabria, Italy) situated on a steep cliff overlooking the Gulf of Santa Eufemia The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy. Interesting places in Pizzo are Piazza Repubblica and the Aragonian castle where Murat was murdered. Joachim-Napoléon Murat (born Joachim Murat) ( Gioacchino Napoleone Murat) ( March 25 1767 &ndash October 13 1815)
- Soverato on the Ionian Sea, Also known as the "Pearl" of the Ionian Sea. Soverato is a town and Comune in the Province of Catanzaro in the Calabria region of southern Italy. The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, south of the Adriatic Sea. Especially renown for its beaches, boardwalk and nightlife.
- Nicotera on the Tyrrhenian Sea, is a beautiful little medieval Town with an ancient Ruffo's castle. Nicotera (Nikoptera Medma is a Comune (municipality in the Province of Vibo Valentia, Calabria, Italy. The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy.
Language
Although the official national language of Calabria has been Standard Italian since unification (1861), as a consequence of its deep and colourful history, Calabrian dialects have developed that have been spoken in the region for centuries. The primary languages of the Calabria region are Standard Italian and many regional dialects of the Italo-Dalmatian group collectively known as Calabrian Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. The various dialects are divided into two different language groups. The primary languages of the Calabria region are Standard Italian and many regional dialects of the Italo-Dalmatian group collectively known as Calabrian In the northern one-third of the region, the Calabrian dialects are considered a dialect of the Neapolitan language called Northern Calabrian'. Neapolitan (autonym napulitano; napoletano is the name given to the varied Italo-Western group of dialects of Southern Italy or more specifically the In the southern two-thirds of the region, the Calabrian dialects are considered part of the Sicilian language and are grouped as Southern Calabro. Sicilian (scn '''''lu sicilianu''''' lingua siciliana, also known as Siculu or Calabro-Sicilian) is a Romance language.
Other historical languages have left an imprint on the region. In isolated pockets, as well as some quarters of Reggio Calabria (historical stronghold of the Greek language in Italy), a hybrid language that dates back to the 9th century, called Griko, is spoken. Griko, sometimes spelled Grico, is a Modern Greek dialect which is spoken by people in the Magna Graecia region in southern Italy, and it A variety of Occitan can also be found in certain communities and French has had an influence on many Calabrian words and phrases. Occitan ( IPA BrE: /ˈɒksɪtn/ AmE: /ˈɑksəˌtɑn/ known also as Lenga d'òc or Langue d'oc (native name occitan French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people In several villages, the Arbëresh dialect of the Albanian language has been spoken since a wave of refugees settled there in the 15th century. Arbëresh, Arbërisht or Arbërishte is the dialect of the Albanian language spoken by the Arbëreshë; the Albanian-speaking minorities in Italy Albanian (sq ''Gjuha shqipe'' ˈɟuha ˈʃcipɛ is an Indo-European language spoken by nearly 6 million peoplewhile others claim that it derives from Daco - In addition, since Calabria (as well as other parts of southern Italy and Sicily) were once ruled by the Spanish, some Calabrian dialects clearly exhibit Spanish influences. Geography Southern Italy forms the lower "boot" of the Italian peninsula containing the ankle (Abruzzo and Molise and southern Lazio the toe (Calabria and the heel Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy.
It is important to highlight the presence of Calabrians in Humanism and in the Renaissance. Humanism is a broad category of ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appealing to universal The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere Indeed the Hellenistics in this period frequently came from Calabria maybe because of the Greek influence. The rediscovery of Ancient Greek was very difficult because this language had been almost forgotten. In this period the presence of Calabrian humanists or refugees from Constantinople was fundamental. The study of Ancient Greek, in this period, was mainly a work of two monks of the monastery of Seminara: Barlaam, bishop of Gerace, and his disciple, Leonzio Pilato. Seminara is a Comune (municipality in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 90 km southwest Barlaam of Seminara (ca 1290-1348 or Barlaam of Calabria was a Greek / Italian scholar ( Aristotelian scholastic) and clergyman of Leozio Pilatus, or Leontius ( Leonzio Pilato; d 1366 one of the earliest promoters of Greek studies in Western Europe, was a native of Leonzio Pilato, in particular, was probably a Greek Calabrian born near Reggio Calabria. Leozio Pilatus, or Leontius ( Leonzio Pilato; d 1366 one of the earliest promoters of Greek studies in Western Europe, was a native of Reggio di Calabria (Italian pronunciation /ˈrɛʤo ˌdikaˈlabrja/ Calabrian dialect: Rìggiu, Greek-Calabrian: Righi, Greek: He was an important teacher of Ancient Greek and translator, and he helped Giovanni Boccaccio in the translations of Homer's works. Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the
Cuisine
- See also: Calabrian wine
Essentially a typical southern Italian, Mediterranean cuisine with a balance between meat-based dishes (pork, lamb, goat), vegetables (especially eggplant), and fish. Calabrian wine is Italian wine from the Calabria region of southern Italy. Mediterranean cuisine is the food of the areas around the Mediterranean Sea. The eggplant, aubergine, or brinjal ( Solanum melongena) is a plant of the family Solanaceae (also known as the nightshades Pasta (like in most parts if Italy) is also very important in Calabria. In contrast to most other Italian regions, Calabrians have traditionally placed an emphasis on the preservation of their food, in part because of the climate and potential crop failures. As a result, there is a tradition of packing vegetables and meats in olive oil, making sausages and cold cuts (Sopressata, 'Nduja), and, along the coast, curing fish- especially swordfish, sardines (sardelle rosamarina) and cod (Baccalà). Olive oil is a fruit oil obtained from the olive ( Olea europaea; family Oleaceae along with Lilacs Jasmine and ash trees Sopressata (called in Italy soppressata) is an Italian Dry-cured salami, typical of Basilicata and Apulia. Nduja is a creamy and extremely spicy pig sausage mainly produced in Calabria. Swordfish ( Xiphias gladius) are large highly migratory Predatory Fish characterized by a long flat bill. Baccalà is Italian for salted Cod, known in English as Clipfish. Local desserts are typically fried, honey-sweetened pastries (Cudduraci, scalille or scalidde) or baked biscotti-type treats (such as 'nzudda). Biscotti is Italian for " Biscuits " In North America the word has been taken to refer to a specific type of biscuits
Some local specialties include Caciocavallo Cheese, Cipolla rossa di Tropea (red onion), Frìttuli or Curcùci (fried pork), Liquorice (liquirizia), Lagane e Cicciari (ceci) (a pasta dish with chickpeas), Pecorino Crotonese (Cheese of Sheep), and Pignolata. Caciocavallo (Kaçkavall Bulgarian and Macedonian Кашкавал ( Kashkaval) Caşcaval; Качкаваљ Red onions, sometimes called purple onions, are Cultivars of the Onion with purplish red skin and white flesh tinged with red Liquorice (UK or licorice (US (see spelling differences;, or) is the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, from which a sweet flavour can be extracted The chickpea ( Cicer arietinum) (also garbanzo bean, Indian pea, ceci bean, bengal gram, chana, kadale kaalu, Pecorino is the name of a family of hard Italian Cheeses made from Sheep milk. Pignolata is a Sicilian pastry and is also common in Calabria.
Although Calabrian wines are not well known outside Italy, in ancient times Calabria was referred to as Enotria (from Ancient Greek Οἰνωτρία - Oenotria, "land of wine"). The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c The Oenotrians (a Greek tribe led by Oenotrus) were an ancient Italic people who settled a territory of remarkably large dimensions including the region of Apulia According to ancient Greek tradition, Οἴνωτρος (Oenotrus), the youngest of the sons of Lycaon, was the eponymous of Oenotria[2]. The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca In Greek mythology, Oenotrus ( Greek: Οἴνωτρος was one of the fifty (the youngest sons of Lycaon from Arcadia. Lycaon was the son of Pelasgus and Meliboea (or of Oread nymph Cyllene) father of Oenotrus and the mythical first king Some vineyards have origins dating back to the ancient Greek colonists. The best known DOC wines are Cirò (Province of Crotone) and Donnici (Province of Cosenza). Calabrian wine is Italian wine from the Calabria region of southern Italy. The Province of Crotone (Provincia di Crotone is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. Cosenza is a city in Italy, located at the confluence of the rivers Busento and Crathis. The Province of Cosenza (Provincia di Cosenza is a province in the Calabria region of Italy.
Noted Calabrians
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Twin cities
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