Citizendia
Your Ad Here

Coin operated cable ferry at Espevær in Bømlo, Norway
Coin operated cable ferry at Espevær in Bømlo, Norway

A cable ferry or chain ferry is a means of water transportation by which a ferry or other boat is guided and in many cases propelled across a river or other larger body of water by means of cables or chains connected to both shores. Bømlo is a municipality in Sunnhordland in the southern part of the county of Hordaland, Norway. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional See also Merchant ship A ferry is a form of transport usually a Boat or Ship, used to carry (or ferry) passengers and Wire rope consists of several strands laid (or 'twisted' together like a helix A chain is a series of connected links. This article is about the literal physical chain Ferries of this type are also called punts, especially in Australian English, and in Africa they are often called pontoons, referring to the flat-bottomed type of vessel, but this is also used for ferries without chains and cables.

There are three types of cable ferry. One is the reaction ferry, which solely uses the power of the river to tack across the current; another is the powered cable ferry which uses an auto engine, diesel engine, or electric motors (like the Canby Ferry) to wind itself across the river. A reaction ferry is a ferry that uses the current of the river to propel the vessel across the river The Canby Ferry (aka the MJ Lee) is a Ferry in the US state of Oregon that connects Canby, and Wilsonville The third type, now fast disappearing, is the hand-operated type, such as the Stratford-upon-Avon Chain Ferry in the UK and the Saugatuck Chain Ferry in Michigan, USA.

Both of the last two types described here work on the principle of using powered cogs or drums on board the actual vessel to pull itself along by the cables. The cables or chains have a considerable amount of slack built into them, in order that they sink below the surface as the ferry moves away, thus allowing other vessels to pass without becoming grounded or trapped. Where a ferry carries both passengers and vehicles, the design is such that the car deck occupies the centre (helping to balance the vessel) and two passenger areas are built at the sides, over the tunnels for the chains and the engines. As the ferry cannot steer, a ramp is built at both ends, and there is usually a set of controls facing in either direction.

Early manifestations of cable ferries often used rope or steel chains, which were largely replaced by stronger and more durable wire cable by the late 19th century. Steel is an Alloy consisting mostly of Iron, with a Carbon content between 0 Wire rope consists of several strands laid (or 'twisted' together like a helix

Ferries are common where there is little other water-borne traffic which could get snagged in the cable or chains, where the water may be too shallow for other options, or where the river current is too strong to permit the safe crossing of a ferry service not attached to the riverbanks. Alignment of the platform at each end of the journey is automatic and, especially for vehicle ferries, safer than a free-moving ferry might be in bad conditions.

Contents

History

Cable Ferries at Gondola Point on the Kennebecasis River
Cable Ferries at Gondola Point on the Kennebecasis River

Cable ferries have probably been used to cross rivers and similar bodies of water since before recorded history. The Kennebecasis River, pronounced ke-ne-buh-KAY-sis, is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. Examples of ferry routes using this technology are known to date back to the 13th century (Hampton Ferry in England). The Hampton Ferry is a pedestrian Chain ferry, which links the main town of Evesham and the district of Hampton across the River Avon in the England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

Cable ferries were particularly prominent in the era of canals during the 19th and early 20th centuries in Europe and North America. Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways Such devices allowed the transfer of canal barges continually from one canal to another across a river in the presence of a substantial transverse flow. BARGE, the Big August RecGambling Excursion is a yearly convention held in Las Vegas during the first weekend of August A cable ferry across the Delaware River constructed in 1831 allowed large-scale the transportation of coal from the Lehigh Valley directly to New York City via the Morris Canal without reloading of the canal boats. The Delaware River is a river on the Atlantic coast of the United States. The Lehigh Valley, also known as the Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton PA-NJ metropolitan area, is an official metropolitan region consisting of Lehigh, Northampton The City of New York The Morris Canal was an Anthracite -carrying Canal that incorporated a series of water-driven inclined planes in its course across northern

Cable ferries were also particularly prominent in early transportation in the Sacramento Delta of California. The Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta is an expansive inland River delta and Estuary in northern California in the United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. At one time, cable ferries were a primary means of automobile transportation in New South Wales in Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. In Tasmania, for a century before 1934, the Risdon Punt at Hobart was the only fixed method of crossing the Derwent River within Hobart city limits. Tasmania is an Australian island and state of the same name It is located south of the eastern side of the Continent, being separated from it by Bass Hobart is the state capital and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. The Derwent is a River in Tasmania, Australia. It was named after the River Derwent Cumbria by British Commodore John Hayes

In the early 1900s, an underwater cable ferry that William Pitt (Canada) designed was installed on the Kennebecasis River near Saint John, New Brunswick in Canada. William Pitt of the Kingston Peninsula, New Brunswick, Canada, was the inventor of the first underwater Cable ferry in the early 1900s The Kennebecasis River, pronounced ke-ne-buh-KAY-sis, is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. Saint John is the largest city in the Province of New Brunswick, and the oldest incorporated city in Canada. New Brunswick ( French: Nouveau-Brunswick /nuvobʁɔnzwik/ is one of Canada 's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page [1] There are now eight cable ferries along the Saint John River system in southern New Brunswick. The Saint John River (French Fleuve Saint-Jean) is a river approximately 418 mi (673 km long located in the Canadian province of New Brunswick and the

Cable ferries are the usual way for cars and trucks to cross the Murray River in South Australia
Cable ferries are the usual way for cars and trucks to cross the Murray River in South Australia

Cable ferries continue to be useful means of water transportation in the 21st century. The Murray River, or River Murray and sometimes informally referred to as the "Mighty Murray" is Australia 's largest River. South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country Most of the road crossings of the Murray River in South Australia are cable ferries operated by the state government. The Murray River, or River Murray and sometimes informally referred to as the "Mighty Murray" is Australia 's largest River. South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country The cables are anchored to the shore at both ends, and the ferry propels itself along the cables by diesel engines pulling the cables. The platforms at the ends can be moved up or down according to the water level.

In Canada, a cable ferry is proposed to transport automobiles across the Ottawa River in Ontario. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page This is about the river in Canada For other uses see Ottawa River (disambiguation. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec There are several in BC: two on the Fraser, one a Lytton, another at Big Bar. There are three more on Arrow Lakes. A suspended cable ferry worked until the 1980s in Boston Bar. A small seasonal cable ferry carries cars across the Rivière des Prairies from Laval, Quebec (Sainte-Dorothée neighbourhood) to Île Bizard (part of Montreal). A reaction ferry is a ferry that uses the current of the river to propel the vessel across the river The Rivière des Prairies (literally River of the Meadows, sometimes called the Back River in English is a delta channel of the Ottawa River Laval ( IPA læˈvæl is a City and a region in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in the Greater Montreal Area. For the train station see: Sainte-Dorothée (AMT Sainte-Dorothée is a Neighbourhood in Laval, Quebec. A neighbourhood or neighborhood (see spelling differences) is a geographically localised Community within a larger City, Town or Île Bizard is an island near the Island of Montreal in the Hochelaga Archipelago. Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec Dozens of cable ferries operated on the Columbia River in the US northwest, though most have been rendered obsolete by bridges. The Columbia River (known as A bridge is a Structure built to span a Gorge, Valley, Road, railroad track, River, Body of water A suspended cable ferry for railway cars worked the American River in Northern California. A railroad car or railway carriage is a Vehicle on a rail transport system (railroad or railway that is used for the carrying of Cargo or American River ( Río de los Americanos in the Mexican period located in the US state of California, has a prominent place in United States history for

In the fishing village of Tai O on Lantau Island, Hong Kong, a cable boat service (橫水渡) was available across the Tai O River, before a bascule bridge was built. Tai O ( is a fishing Town, partly located on an island of the same name on the western side of Lantau Island in Hong Kong. Lantau Island, also Lantao, based on the old local name of Lantau Peak ( lit Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders

Worldwide

Current cable and chain ferries include the following.

Australia

Canada

Finland

United Kingdom

The King Harry Ferry in 2004
The King Harry Ferry in 2004

United States

Zambia

Ferry on the Breede River, Western Cape, South Africa
Ferry on the Breede River, Western Cape, South Africa

See also

References

  1. ^ Saint John, New Brunswick First. The Zambezi (also spelled Zambesi) is the fourth-longest River in Africa and the largest flowing into the Indian Ocean from Africa The Chambeshi River (also known as the Chambezi River) is a River in northeastern Zambia. The Kabompo Ferry is a Vehicle pontoon ferry with a 25-tonne capacity on the Kabompo River dividing the Western and North-Western Provinces The Kabompo River is one of the main tributaries of the upper Zambezi River river An aerial tramway is a type of Aerial lift in which a cabin is suspended from a cable and is pulled by another cable A cable car or cable railway is a Mass transit system using rail cars that are propelled by a continuously moving cable running at a constant speed See also Merchant ship A ferry is a form of transport usually a Boat or Ship, used to carry (or ferry) passengers and A funicular, also known as a funicular railway, incline, inclined railway, inclined plane, or cliff railway, is a type of self-contained This article concentrates on the history and development of punts and punting in England for other usages see Norfolk punt and the general disambiguation pages at Punt A reaction ferry is a ferry that uses the current of the river to propel the vessel across the river Retrieved on November 20, 2006.

External links


Sandbanks is a small piece of land on the edge of England jutting out over the mouth of Poole Harbour on the English Channel coast at Poole in Dorset ( (or archaically, Dorsetshire) is a county in South West England on the English Channel coast England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Stenson is a hamlet ( south of Derby on the Trent and Mersey Canal. The River Trent is one of the major rivers of England. Its source is in Staffordshire between Biddulph and Biddulph Moor.
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic