A cable car or cable railway is a mass transit system using rail cars that are propelled by a continuously moving cable running at a constant speed. Wire rope consists of several strands laid (or 'twisted' together like a helix Individual cars stop and start by releasing and gripping this cable as required. Cable cars are distinct from funiculars, where the cars are permanently attached to the cable, and cable railways, which are similar to funiculars, but where the rail vehicles are attached and detached manually. A funicular, also known as a funicular railway, incline, inclined railway, inclined plane, or cliff railway, is a type of self-contained A cable railway (also known as an Incline or Inclined plane) is a steeply graded Railway that uses a cable or
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Operation
The cable is itself powered by a stationary motor or engine situated in a cable house or power house. The speed at which it moves is relatively constant, although affected by the current load.
The cable car begins moving when a clamping device, called a grip, is connected to the moving cable, and applies pressure. A cable grip is a device for propelling a Vehicle by attaching to a Wire cable (also called wire rope running at a (relatively constant speed Conversely the car is stopped by releasing pressure on the cable (with or without completely detaching) and applying the brakes. This gripping and ungripping action may be manual, as was the case in all early cable car systems, or automatic, as is the case in some recent cable operated people mover type systems. For the private automobile see People carrier A people mover or automated people mover (APM is a fully automated grade-separated Gripping must be an even and gradual process in order to avoid bringing the car to cable speed too quickly and unacceptably jarring the passengers. This article is about passengers in commercial transportation for other uses see Passenger (disambiguation A passenger is a term broadly used
In the case of manual systems, the grip resembles a very large pair of pliers, and considerable strength and skill are required to operate the car. Pliers are Hand tools designed primarily for gripping objects by using Leverage. As many early cable car operators discovered the hard way, if the grip is not applied properly, it can damage the cable, or even worse, become entangled in the cable. In the latter case, the cable car may not be able to stop and can wreak havoc along its route until the cable house realizes what is going on and halts the cable.
One claimed advantage of the cable car is its relative energy efficiency, because of the economy of centrally-located power stations, and the ability for cars going down hill to transfer energy to cars going up. However this advantage is not unique to cable cars, as electric cars fitted with regenerative braking offer the same advantages, and in any case they must be offset against the cost of moving the cable. A regenerative brake is a mechanism that reduces Vehicle speed by converting some of its Kinetic energy into another useful form of energy In the case of steep grades, however, cable traction has the advantage of not depending on adhesion between wheels and rails.
Because of the constant and relatively low speed, cable cars can be underestimated in an accident. Even with a cable car traveling at only 9 miles per hour, the mass of the cable car and the combined strength of the cables can do quite a lot of harm to pedestrians if hit.
Current San Francisco cable cars
San Francisco currently operates three cable car lines: the Powell and Mason line, which runs from Powell and Market to Bay and Taylor, the Powell and Hyde line, which runs from Powell and Mason to Hyde and Beach, and the California line, which runs from California and Market to California and Van Ness. The two Powell lines run single-ended cars, fitted with destination signs that can easily be changed for either line; these cars are turned at turntables at the ends of their lines. The California line uses double-ended cars; in these cars, the gripman simply switches ends at each end of the line.
San Francisco cable cars are equipped with multiple braking systems. The large pedal next to the grip (and a crank on the back platform of single-ended cars) operates wheel brakes; the large lever to the right of the grip operates track brakes, which apply pine blocks directly to the rails. It is the track brakes that are the source of the "cooking wood" odor that can be readily smelled when a car is descending a steep hill. Finally, in case of a runaway car or other impending disaster, the red lever to the left of the grip inserts a steel wedge (the "slot blade") into the slot rail, stopping the car almost instantly; slot blades have been known to weld themselves into the slot, leaving both car and line out of commission until it can be cut free.
History
The first cable-operated railway was the London and Blackwall Railway, which opened in east London, England, in 1840. A cable railway (also known as an Incline or Inclined plane) is a steeply graded Railway that uses a cable or Originally called the Commercial Railway, the London & Blackwall Railway was a Railway line that originally ran from the Minories to Blackwall London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. However the rope available at the time proved too susceptible to wear and the system was abandoned in favour of steam locomotives after eight years. A steam locomotive is a Locomotive powered by Steam. The term usually refers to its use on Railways but can also refer to a "road locomotive" Though there may have been earlier attempts to pull cars by endless ropes, the first cable car installation in operation was the West Side and Yonkers Patent Railway in New York, which ran from 1 July 1868 to 1870. The IRT Ninth Avenue Line, often called the Ninth Avenue Elevated, was the first Elevated railway in New York City, first opened in 1868 as the New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The cable technology used in this elevated railway involved collar-equipped cables and claw-equipped cars, and proved cumbersome. The line was closed and rebuilt, and reopened with steam locomotives. A steam locomotive is a Locomotive powered by Steam. The term usually refers to its use on Railways but can also refer to a "road locomotive"
The first cable cars to use grips were those of the Clay Street Hill Railroad, which later became part of the San Francisco cable car system. The Clay Street Hill Railroad was the first successful cable hauled street railway. The San Francisco cable car system is the world's last permanently operational manually-operated cable car system and is an icon of San Francisco, California This building of this line was promoted by Andrew Smith Hallidie with design work by William Eppelsheimer, and it was first tested in 1873. Andrew Smith Hallidie ( 16 March 1836 &ndash 24 April 1900) was the promoter of the Clay Street Hill Railroad in San Francisco William E Eppelsheimer (1842-? was a Tramway engineer known for his work on cable car systems Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The success of these grips ensured that this line became the model for other cable car transit systems, and this model is often known as the Hallidie Cable Car.
In 1881 the Dunedin cable tramway system opened in Dunedin, New Zealand and became the first such system outside San Francisco. Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Dunedin cable tramway system was a group of cable tramway lines in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. Dunedin (dəˈneɪdɪn) Ōtepoti in Maori is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the region of New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island For Dunedin, George Smith Duncan further developed the Hallidie model, introducing the pull curve and the slot brake; the former was a way to pull cars through a curve, since Dunedin's curves were too steep to allow coasting, while the latter forced a wedge down into the cable slot to stop the car. George Smith Duncan (1852-1930 was a Tramway and Mining engineer best known for his work on cable trams, and for his work in the Gold mining Both of these innovations were generally adopted by other cities, including San Francisco.
Cable cars rapidly spread to other cities, although the major attraction for most was the ability to displace horse-drawn (or other animal-drawn) systems rather than the ability to climb hills. The horse ( Equus caballus) is a hoofed ( Ungulate) Mammal, one of eight living species of the family Equidae. Many people at the time viewed horse-drawn transit as unnecessarily cruel, and the fact that a typical horse could work only four or five hours per day necessitated the maintenance of large stables of draft animals that had to be fed (typically 30 lb (14 kg) of feed each day), housed, groomed, medicated and rested. Thus for a period economics worked in favour of cable cars even in relatively flat cities.
For example, the Chicago City Railway, also designed by Eppelsheimer, opened in Chicago, Illinois in 1882 and went on to become the largest and most profitable cable car system. The Chicago City Railway was a cable car system designed by William Eppelsheimer and opened in Chicago in 1882. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Year 1882 ( MDCCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common As with many cities, the problem in flat Chicago was not one of grades but of transportation capacity. This caused a different approach to the combination of grip car and trailer. Rather than using a grip car and single trailer, as many cities did, or combining the grip and trailer into a single car, like San Francisco's California Cars, Chicago used grip cars to pull trains of up to three trailers.
In 1883 the New York and Brooklyn Bridge Railway was opened, which had a most curious feature: though it was a cable car system, it used steam locomotives to get the cars into and out of the terminals. Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A steam locomotive is a Locomotive powered by Steam. The term usually refers to its use on Railways but can also refer to a "road locomotive" After 1896 the system changed to one where a motor car was added to each train to maneuver at the terminals, while en route the trains were still propelled by the cable. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year
On 25 September 1883 a test of a cable car system was held by Liverpool United in Kirkdale. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Kirkdale is a district of Liverpool, Merseyside, England and a Liverpool City Council Ward that covers both Kirkdale and Vauxhall This was the first cable car system in Europe, but Liverpool United decided against implementing it. Other cable car systems were implemented in Europe, though, among which was the Glasgow District Subway, the first underground cable car system, in 1896. The Glasgow Subway is an underground metro line in Glasgow, Scotland. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year (London's first deep-level tube railway, the City & South London Railway, had earlier also been built for cable haulage but had been converted to electric traction before opening in 1890. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ) A few more cable car systems were built in the United Kingdom, Portugal and France, but European cities, having many more curves in their streets, were less suitable for cable cars than American cities. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.
Though some new cable car systems were still being built, by 1890 the cheaper to construct and simpler to operate electrically-powered trolley or tram started to become the norm, and eventually started to replace existing cable car systems. Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train For a while hybrid cable/electric systems operated, for example in Chicago where electric cars had to be pulled by grip cars through the loop area, due to the lack of trolley wires there. Eventually, San Francisco became the only street-running manually-operated system to survive - Dunedin, the second city with such cars, was also the second-last city to operate them, closing down in 1957. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar)
In the last decades of the 20th century cable traction in general has seen a limited revival as automatic people movers, used in resort areas, airports (e. For the private automobile see People carrier A people mover or automated people mover (APM is a fully automated grade-separated g. , Toronto Airport) and huge hospital centers. The LINK Train is an automated People mover (APM service installed by DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car which connects Terminals 1 and 3 and a big parking lot at Whilst many of these systems involve cars permanently attached to the cable, the system developed by Poma-Otis, a company formed by the merger of the cable car interests of the Pomagalski ski lift company and the Otis Elevator Company, allows the car to be decoupled from the cable under computer control, and can thus be considered a modern interpretation of the cable car. For the village see Poma Bangladesh. Poma or Pomagalski SA is an international corporation headquartered in France, which The Otis Elevator Company is the world's largest manufacturer of vertical transportation systems today principally Elevators and Escalators Founded in Yonkers
Relation to Funiculars
A cable car is superficially very similar to a funicular but differs from such a system in that its cars are not permanently attached to the cable and can stop independently, whereas a funicular has cars that are permanently attached to the propulsion cable, which is itself stopped and started. A funicular, also known as a funicular railway, incline, inclined railway, inclined plane, or cliff railway, is a type of self-contained A cable car cannot climb as steep a grade as a funicular, but many more cars can be operated with a single cable, making it more flexible, and allowing a higher capacity. During the rush hour on San Francisco's Market Street Railway, a car would leave the terminal every 15 seconds.
A few funicular railways operate in street traffic, and because of this operation are often incorrectly described a cable cars. Examples of such operation, and the consequent confusion, are:
- The Great Orme Tramway in Llandudno, Wales. The Great Orme Tramway (Tramffordd y Gogarth is a cable-hauled gauge Tramway in Llandudno in north Wales. Llandudno (pronounced /ɬan'dɪdnɔ/ is a Seaside resort and Town in Conwy, Wales.
- Several street funiculars in Lisbon, Portugal. Lisbon (Lisboa liʒˈboɐ is the Capital and largest city of Portugal. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula.
Even more confusingly, a hybrid cable car/funicular line once existed in the form of the original Wellington Cable Car, in the New Zealand city of Wellington. The Wellington Cable Car is a funicular railway in Wellington, New Zealand. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Wellington (ˈwælɪŋtən is the Capital of New Zealand, the country's second largest urban area, the This line had both a continuous loop haulage cable that the cars gripped using a cable car gripper, and a balance cable permanently attached to both cars over an undriven pulley at the top of the line. The descending car gripped the haulage cable and was pulled downhill, in turn pulling the ascending car (which remained ungripped) uphill by the balance cable. This line was rebuilt in 1979 and is now a standard funicular, although it retains its old cable car name. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar)
Cities currently operating cable cars
The best known existing cable car system is the San Francisco cable car system in the city of San Francisco, California. The San Francisco cable car system is the world's last permanently operational manually-operated cable car system and is an icon of San Francisco, California The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The only moving National Historic Landmarks in the United States, San Francisco's cable cars constitute the oldest and largest such system in permanent operation, and it is the only one to still operate in the traditional manner with manually operated cars running in street traffic. A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the
Several cities operate a modern version of the cable car system commonly referred to as a people mover. For the private automobile see People carrier A people mover or automated people mover (APM is a fully automated grade-separated These cities include:
- Las Vegas, United States (three lines linking hotels)
- Milan, Italy (connecting the San Raffaele Hospital with Cascina Gobba station (M2))
Cities previously operating cable cars
Australia
Colombia
France
New Zealand
- Dunedin (1881–1957, the Dunedin cable tramway system)
- Wellington (1902–1979, the original Wellington Cable Car hybrid system)
Portugal
United Kingdom
- Edinburgh (1899–1923))
- Glasgow (1896–1935)
- Liverpool (trial in 1883)
- London (1884–1909, connecting Archway with Highgate, the first cable car in regular operation in Europe)
- Matlock (1893–1927, the Matlock Cable Tramway)
Isle of Man
United States
- Baltimore, Maryland (1890-1897)
- Binghamton, New York (trial in 1885)
- Brooklyn, New York (New York and Brooklyn Bridge Railway, Brooklyn Cable Company's Park Avenue Line, and Brooklyn Heights Railroad's Montague Street Line)
- Butte, Montana (1889–1897)
- Chicago, Illinois (1882–1906, the Chicago City Railway)
- Cincinnati, Ohio
- Cleveland, Ohio
- Denver, Colorado (1886–1900, the Denver Tramway)
- Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Hoboken, New Jersey (1886–1892, the North Hudson County Railway's Hoboken Elevated)
- Kansas City, Missouri
- Los Angeles, California (1885–1902, the Second Street Cable Railway and others)
- New York, New York (West Side and Yonkers Patent Railway's Ninth Avenue Line, New York and Brooklyn Bridge Railway, Third Avenue Railroad's 125th Street Crosstown Line and Third Avenue Line, and Metropolitan Street Railway's Broadway Line, Broadway and Columbus Avenue Line, and Broadway and Lexington Avenue Line)
- Newark, New Jersey (1888–1889)
- Oakland, California (1886–1899)
- Omaha, Nebraska
- Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Portland, Oregon (1890–1904)
- Providence, Rhode Island
- Saint Louis, Missouri
- Saint Paul, Minnesota
- San Diego, California (1890–1892)
- Seattle, Washington (1888–1940)
- Sioux City, Iowa
- Spokane, Washington
- Tacoma, Washington (1891–1938)
- Tulsa, Oklahoma
- Washington, D.C. (1890–1899, part of the Washington streetcar system)
- Wichita, Kansas
See also
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Sources
- Of Cables and Grips: The Cable Cars of San Francisco, by Robert Callwell and Walter Rice, published by Friends of the Cable Car Museum, first edition, 2000. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Melbourne cable tramway system was a cable car Public transportation system operated from 1885 to 1940 in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Bogotá —officially named Bogotá DC (DC for " Distrito Capital " which means "Capital District" formerly called Santa Fe de Bogotá El Bogotazo (from "Bogotá" and the ''-azo'' suffix of violent augmentation refers to the massive riots that followed the assassination in Bogotá, Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Laon (lɑ̃ is a city and commune in Picardie in northern France, préfecture (capital} of the Aisne department The Poma 2000 in Laon, France, is an automated guideway transit a cable-driven People mover which runs between the railway station and Dunedin (dəˈneɪdɪn) Ōtepoti in Maori is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the region of Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) The Dunedin cable tramway system was a group of cable tramway lines in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. Wellington (ˈwælɪŋtən is the Capital of New Zealand, the country's second largest urban area, the Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) The Wellington Cable Car is a funicular railway in Wellington, New Zealand. Lisbon (Lisboa liʒˈboɐ is the Capital and largest city of Portugal. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Year 1883 ( MDCCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1909 ( MCMIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Archway is an area of north London in the London Borough of Islington. Highgate is a suburb of North London on the north-eastern corner of Hampstead Heath. Matlock is the County town of Derbyshire, England. It is situated at the south eastern edge of the Peak District, and is twinned Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Matlock Cable Tramway was cable tramway that served the town of Matlock between 1893 and 1927 Douglas (Doolish is the capital of the Isle of Man and its largest town Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Broadway, as the name implies is a wide avenue in New York City. The City of New York Binghamton, known as The Parlor City is a City located in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States. Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Brooklyn (named after the Dutch town Breukelen) is one of the five boroughs of New York City. The Brooklyn Heights Railroad was a Street railway company in the U Butte (IPA) is a city in and the County seat of Silver Bow County, Montana, United States. Year 1889 ( MDCCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Year 1882 ( MDCCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Chicago City Railway was a cable car system designed by William Eppelsheimer and opened in Chicago in 1882. Cleveland is a City in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state The City and County of Denver (pronounced /ˈdɛnvɚ/ is the Capital and the most populous city of Colorado, in the United States Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar The Denver Tramway, operating in Denver, Colorado was incorporated in 1886 Hoboken is a city in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Kansas City Missouri only Items for the metro area Kansas City Kansas or North Kansas City MO should go on their respective pages Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Second Street Cable Railway was a cable car system which opened in Los Angeles in 1885. The City of New York The IRT Ninth Avenue Line, often called the Ninth Avenue Elevated, was the first Elevated railway in New York City, first opened in 1868 as the The IRT Ninth Avenue Line, often called the Ninth Avenue Elevated, was the first Elevated railway in New York City, first opened in 1868 as the The Third Avenue Railway System (TARS was a Street railroad company in the U The Third and Amsterdam Avenues Line, also known as the Third Avenue Line, is a Public transit line in Manhattan, New York City, United The New York Railways Company, reorganized into the New York Railways Corporation in 1925 and also known as the Green Lines, was a Street railway in The Broadway Line is a Public transit line in Manhattan, New York City, United States, running mostly along Broadway and Seventh The Columbus Avenue Line, also called the Broadway and Columbus Avenue Line, is a Public transit line in Manhattan, New York City, United Newark is the largest city in New Jersey, United States and the County seat of Essex County. Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1889 ( MDCCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Saint Paul ( abbreviated St Paul) is the capital and second most populous city in the U Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Sioux City (ˌsuːˈsɪti is a city located in northwest Iowa in the United States. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common just under 100 years between 1862 and 1962 streetcars in Washington D Wichita (ˈwɪtʃɪtaː is the most populous City in the US state of Kansas, and the county seat of Sedgwick County. An aerial tramway is a type of Aerial lift in which a cabin is suspended from a cable and is pulled by another cable A cable car is any of a variety of transportation systems relying on cables to pull vehicles along or lower them at a steady rate or a vehicle on these systems A cable railway (also known as an Incline or Inclined plane) is a steeply graded Railway that uses a cable or A cable ferry or chain ferry is a means of water transportation by which a Ferry or other boat is guided and in many cases propelled across a river or other larger A funicular, also known as a funicular railway, incline, inclined railway, inclined plane, or cliff railway, is a type of self-contained A cog railway, rack-and-pinion railway or rack railway is a Railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails. A reaction ferry is a ferry that uses the current of the river to propel the vessel across the river The San Francisco cable car system is the world's last permanently operational manually-operated cable car system and is an icon of San Francisco, California
External links
Information
- Cable Car Museum
- Cable Car Guy
- The Cable Building (New York City) Broadway Cable car line.
Patents
- U.S. Patent 19,736 -- Railroad track
- U.S. Patent 110,971 -- Endless wire ropeway
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