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The Cabinet (内閣 Naikaku?) is the executive branch of the government of Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The politics of Japan is in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Monarchy, where the Prime Minister of Japan is the The politics of Japan is in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Monarchy, where the Prime Minister of Japan is the The has been the founding legal document of Japan since 1947 The constitution provides for a Parliamentary system of government and guarantees certain fundamental rights The of Japan is the country's Monarch. He is the head of the Japanese Imperial Family. is the current of Japan, and the 125th Emperor according to Japan's traditional order of succession. The is a government agency of Japan in charge of the state matters concerning Japan's imperial family and also keeping the Privy Seal and the State Seal Japan no longer officially has the traditional Federal system, and its 47 prefectures, and prefectural and municipal assembly members are popularly elected for The is the usual English-language term used for the Head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime This is a list of Prime Ministers of Japan, and its predecessor state the Empire of Japan, from when the first Prime Minister (in the modern sense Hirobumi was the 91st Prime Minister of Japan, serving from 2007 to 2008 The most influential part of the executive of the Japanese government are the ministries. The is Japan's Bicameral Legislature. It is composed of a Lower house, called the House of Representatives, and an Upper house, called The is the Upper house of the Diet of Japan. The House of Representatives is the Lower house. The is the Lower house of the Diet of Japan. The House of Councillors of Japan is the Upper house. In the judicial system of Japan, the postwar constitution guarantees that "all judges shall be independent in the exercise of their conscience and shall be bound only by The Japanese political system has three types of elections general elections to the House of Representatives held every four years (unless the lower house is dissolved earlier elections Japan held a nationwide election for the House of Representatives, the more powerful Lower house of the National Diet than the Upper house, on Japan held a nationwide election to the House of Representatives, the more powerful Lower house of the National Diet, on July 18, 1993 A general election took place in Japan on October 20, 1996. Incumbent Prime Minister Hashimoto Ryutaro of the coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party Elections to the Shugi-In ( House of Representatives) of the Japanese Diet were held on 25 June 2000. A general election took place in Japan on November 9, 2003. Incumbent Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi of the Liberal Elections to the House of Councillors, the upper house of the legislature of Japan, were held on July 11, 2004. For a breakdown of the results by block district with maps see Results of Japan general election 2005 Japan held a nationwide election to The for the upper house of the legislature of Japan were held on July 29 2007. Political parties in Japan lists political parties in Japan. Japan while universally recognized as a Liberal democracy with free and fair elections The, frequently abbreviated to LDP or, is a Centre right, conservative, Political party and the largest party in Japan. The is a liberal Political party in Japan founded in 1998 by the merger of several smaller parties The, New Komeito Party, or NKP is a Centre-right political party in Japan founded by members of the Buddhist organization Soka Gakkai The Japanese Communist Party ( JCP) ( Japanese " 日本共産党 Nihon Kyōsan-tō) is a Political party in Japan. The Social Democratic Party (社会民主党 Shakai Minshu-tō, often abbreviated to 社民党 Shamin-tō; also abbreviated as SDP in English While Japan 's political mainstream can be described as a "one and a half" party system with the LDP being the dominant force there is room for political extremism The prefectures of Japan are the country's 47 sub-national Jurisdictions one "metropolis" (都 to) Tokyo; one " circuit Monetary policy pertains to the regulation availability and cost of credit while fiscal policy deals with government expenditures taxes and debt The primary responsibility for the Japanese foreign policy, as determined by the 1947 constitution, is exercised by the cabinet and subject to the overall supervision Since the surrender after World War II and the return to the international community by the Treaty of San Francisco, Japanese diplomatic policy has been Japan is a Liberal democracy. According to Ministry of Justice (MOJ figures the Japanese Legal Affairs Bureau offices and civil liberties volunteers dealt Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Japan no longer officially has the traditional Federal system, and its 47 prefectures, and prefectural and municipal assembly members are popularly elected for It consists of the Prime Minister and up to fourteen other members, called Ministers of State. The is the usual English-language term used for the Head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime Minister of State is a title borne by politicians or officials in certain countries governed under a Parliamentary system. The Prime Minister is designated by the Diet, and the remaining ministers are appointed and dismissed by the Prime Minister. The is Japan's Bicameral Legislature. It is composed of a Lower house, called the House of Representatives, and an Upper house, called The Cabinet is collectively responsible to the Diet and must resign if a motion of no confidence is adopted by the House of Representatives. The is the Lower house of the Diet of Japan. The House of Councillors of Japan is the Upper house.
The modern Japanese Cabinet was established by the Constitution of Japan which came into effect in 1947. The has been the founding legal document of Japan since 1947 The constitution provides for a Parliamentary system of government and guarantees certain fundamental rights A cabinet also existed under the Meiji constitution of 1889-1946. The, more commonly known as the Imperial or Meiji Constitution, was the fundamental law of the Empire of Japan from 29 November 1890 until 2 May 1947 This previous cabinet was subordinate to the Emperor. The of Japan is the country's Monarch. He is the head of the Japanese Imperial Family.
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Appointment
Under the constitution, Ministers of State are appointed after the selection of the Prime Minister. A majority of the Cabinet, including the Prime Minister, must be members of the Diet (but may be members of either house), and all members must be civilians. Under the 2001 Cabinet Law, the number of Ministers of State (excluding the Prime Minister) must be fourteen or less, but this may be increased to seventeen if a special need arises. In the event that the Cabinet collectively resigns it continues to exercise its functions until the appointment of a new Prime Minister. While in office, legal action may not be taken against Ministers of State without the consent of the Prime Minister. The Cabinet must resign en masse in the following circumstances:
- When a motion of no confidence is adopted, or a vote of confidence defeated, by the House of Representatives, unless there is a dissolution of the house within ten days. A motion of no confidence (also vote of no confidence, censure motion, no-confidence motion, or confidence motion) is a Parliamentary motion The is the Lower house of the Diet of Japan. The House of Councillors of Japan is the Upper house.
- Upon the first convocation of the Diet after a general election to the House of Representatives (even if every minister will then be reappointed). A general election is an Election in which all or most members of a given political body are up for election
- When the position Prime Minister becomes vacant, or the Prime Minister declares his intention to resign.
Powers
The Cabinet exercises two kinds of power. Some of its powers, while in practice exercised in accordance with the binding instructions of the Cabinet, are nominally exercised by the Emperor with the "advice and approval" of the Cabinet. Its other class of powers are exercised by the Cabinet explicitly. Contrary to the practice in many constitutional monarchies, the Emperor of Japan is not even the nominal chief executive of the state. A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is Instead the constitution explicitly vests executive authority in the Cabinet. In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State.
In practice, much of the Cabinet's authority is exercised by the Prime Minister. Under the Constitution, he exercises "control and supervision" over the executive branch, and no law or Cabinet order can take effect without his countersignature.
Powers exercised via the Emperor
- Convocation of the Diet.
- Dissolution of the House of Representatives.
- Proclamation of general elections to the Diet
- Conferring of honours.
Explicit powers
- Execution of the law.
- Conduct of foreign affairs.
- Conclusion of treaties (with the consent of the Diet).
- Administration of the civil service.
- Drafting of the budget (which must be adopted by the Diet).
- Adoption of cabinet orders.
- Granting of general amnesty, special amnesty, commutation of punishment, reprieve, and restoration of rights.
- Every law or cabinet order is signed by the relevant Minister of State and countersigned by the Prime Minister.
- Appointment of the associate justices of the Supreme Court of Japan (except the Chief Justice, who is designated by the Prime Minister and formally appointed by the Emperor). The Supreme Court of Japan (最高裁判所 Saikō-Saibansho; called 最高裁 Saikō-Sai for short located in Chiyoda, Tokyo is the highest
The Cabinet (2007 to present)
See also
- Politics of Japan
- Cabinet
- Cabinets of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe
References
- The Japan Times. The is the usual English-language term used for the Head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime was the 91st Prime Minister of Japan, serving from 2007 to 2008 is a Japanese politician who was Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications from August 2007 to September 2008 The Minister of Justice (法務大臣 Hōmu Daijin) is the member of the Cabinet of Japan in charge of the Ministry of Justice. is a Japanese politician currently serving as Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications under Prime Minister Taro Aso. The of Japan is the Cabinet member responsible for Japanese foreign policy and the chief executive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Masahiko Kōmura ( Japanese: 高村正彦 Kōmura Masahiko) (born March 15 1942) is a Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic The is the member of the Cabinet of Japan in charge of the Ministry of Finance. is a Japanese politician and a member of the Liberal Democratic Party. The, also known as MEXT or Monkashō, is one of the ministries of the Japanese government. is a Japanese politician who served as Minister of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology under Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda from 2007 to 2008 The, or, is the Cabinet of Japan member in charge of the Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare. is a Japanese politician and a member of the House of Councillors who has been Minister of Health Labour and Welfare since 2007 The, or, is the Cabinet of Japan member in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries. is a Japanese politician who is a member of Liberal Democratic Party. The is the Cabinet of Japan member in charge of the Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (formerly the Ministry of International Trade and Industry) (born August 27, 1948) is a Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party and a member of the lower house. The, or, is the Cabinet of Japan member in charge of the Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport. is a Japanese Politician of the New Komeito Party, a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature The, or, is the Cabinet of Japan member in charge of the Ministry of the Environment. is a Japanese Politician and doctor, who has been serving as Minister of the Environment in Yasuo Fukuda 's cabinet The, or, is the Cabinet of Japan member in charge of the Ministry of Defense. Shigeru Ishiba (石破 茂 Ishiba Shigeru, born 4 February 1957 is a Japanese politician In Japan, the is the Minister of State charged with directing the Cabinet Secretariat is a Japanese politician He is a member of the House of Representatives of Japan and a member of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party. The is a Japanese Cabinet Office commission The commission consists of a chairman who holds the rank of Minister of State, and five members appointed by the is is a Japanese Politician, who has been serving as chairman of National Public Safety Commission in Shinzo Abe 's cabinet since August 2007 is a Japanese Politician, who has been serving in Yasuo Fukuda 's cabinet since September 2007 as Minister of State for Okinawa and Northern Territories Affairs Science is a Japanese Politician of the Liberal Democratic Party, a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature is a female Japanese politician and a researcher of Economics. is a Japanese Politician, who has been serving as Minister of State for Gender Equality and Social Affairs since August 2007 in Shinzo Abe 's and Yasuo Fukuda The politics of Japan is in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Monarchy, where the Prime Minister of Japan is the A cabinet is a body of high-ranking members of Government, typically representing the executive branch. "Junichiro Koizumi's Third Cabinet". The Japan Times Online. Accessed 19 November 2003 from: http://www.japantimes.com/cabinets.htm
- Cabinet Secretariat, Office of Cabinet Public Relations, Japan (2003). Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet. Retrieved 28 Oct. 2003 from: http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/index-e.html
External links
- Official Website of the Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinets
- List of Japanese cabinets (in Japanese only)
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