| Cabernet Franc | |
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| Cabernet Franc | |
| Species: | Vitis vinifera |
| Also called: | Bouchet, Bouchy, Breton (more) |
| Origin: | Bordeaux, France |
| Notable regions: | Bordeaux, Loire |
| Notable wines: | Château Cheval Blanc |
Cabernet Franc is one of the major varieties of red wine grape in Bordeaux. Vitis vinifera ( Common Grape Vine) is a species of Vitis, native to the Mediterranean region, central Europe, and This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. This list of wine-producing regions catalogues significant Growing regions where Vineyards are planted A Bordeaux wine is any Wine produced in the Bordeaux region of France. Château Cheval Blanc ( French for "Castle White Horse" is a Wine producer in Saint-Émilion in the Bordeaux wine region of France Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is It is mostly grown for blending with Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot in the Bordeaux style, but is also vinified alone, particularly in Chinon in the Loire. Cabernet Sauvignon is one of the world's most widely recognized red Wine grape varieties. Merlot ('MERL-oh' in British English mer-LOH in American English and standard French is a red Wine Grape that is used as both a blending grape and for [1] It is even made into ice wine in Canada. Ice wine (or icewine, as one word or in German, Eiswein) is a type of Dessert wine produced from Grapes that have been frozen while
Cabernet Franc is lighter than Cabernet Sauvignon (of which it is a parent),[2] contributing finesse and a peppery perfume to blends with more robust grapes. Depending on growing region and the style of wine, additional aromas can include tobacco, raspberry, and cassis, sometimes even violets. The Cabernet franc wine's color is bright pale red. [3]
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History
There are records of Cabernet Franc in Bordeaux going back to the end of the 18th century and it was planted in Loire long before that. [1] The fact that it is known as Breton in the Loire[4] suggests that it originally came from Brittany, which would be consistent with its preference for cooler temperatures. Brittany (Breizh bʁejs Bretagne; Gallo: Bertaèyn) is a former independent Celtic kingdom and Duchy, now incorporated into
Recent DNA research[2] has shown that Cabernet Sauvignon is the result of a cross between Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc. Sauvignon blanc is a green-skinned Grape variety which originates from the Bordeaux region of France.
Regional production
Other than in the Loire, Cabernet Franc is usually planted by growers wanting to emulate the Bordeaux blend, known elsewhere as the Meritage blend. Meritage is a word used to distinguish Wines that are made in the style of red Bordeaux but without infringing on that region's legally Protected designation of Aside from the countries mentioned below, it is planted in Argentina, the Balkans, Chile, New Zealand, Romania and South Africa. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa
Australia
As with so many grapes, Cabernet Franc came to Australia in James Busby’s collection of 1832. It predominantly grows in cool, cool to warm and warm climates such as North-Eastern Victoria, McLaren Vale, and the Clare Valley. [4]
Canada
Cabernet Franc is becoming more popular in Canada, being planted in Ontario's Niagara Peninsula, Prince Edward County, the north shore of Lake Erie, Pelee Island, and the Okanagan Valley in British Columbia. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec The Niagara Peninsula is the portion of Ontario, Canada lying on the south shore of Lake Ontario. Prince Edward County is a single-tier Municipality and a Census division of the Canadian province of Ontario. Lake Erie (ˈɪəriː is the fourth largest Lake (by surface area of the five Great Lakes, and the tenth largest globally Pelee Island, Ontario, Canada, is an Island in the western half of Lake Erie. The Okanagan (oʊkəˈnɑːɡən also known as the Okanagan Valley and sometimes as Okanagan Country is a region located in the Canadian province British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C
The ice wines made from Cabernet Franc in the Niagara Peninsula are a curiosity.
France
There are over 14,000 hectares of Cabernet Franc in France. [3] It is valued in Bordeaux for adding finesse to blends containing Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, but is seldom more than 10-20% of the blend. One notable exception is Château Cheval Blanc, where it makes up about two-thirds of the blend. Château Cheval Blanc ( French for "Castle White Horse" is a Wine producer in Saint-Émilion in the Bordeaux wine region of France In Saint-Émilion it is known as Bouchet. Saint-Émilion is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in southwestern France.
Cabernet Franc is also the main component of the red wines of the Loire, particularly in Chinon, Bourgueil and Saumur. Although these are thought of as light wines for drinking with food in the summer, in good vintages they can last 10 years or more, particularly when the blend is stiffened with a little Malbec. Malbec is a variety of Grape used in making Red wine. The grapes tend to have an inky dark colour and robust Tannins Long known as one of the
It is now recommended for planting throughout France, and can be found blended with Carignan in the Midi and with Tannat in Basses Pyrénées. Carignan is a red Wine grape that originated in Cariñena Aragon and was later transplanted to Sardinia, elsewhere in Italy, France Tannat is a red Wine Grape, historically grown in South West France in the Madiran AOC and is now one of the most prominent grapes in Uruguay It can also be found in the blends of rosé wine [5] and the Floc de Gascogne rosé. The Floc de Gascogne is a typical regional aperitif out of the Côtes de Gascogne and Armagnac area in southwestern France, in [6]
Hungary
In all the Hungarian wine regions producing reds, especially in Villány and Szekszárd, the grape is used in Bordeaux-style blends and is also bottled as a varietal wine. Hungarian wine has a history dating back to at least Roman times and that history reflects the country's position between the Slavs and the Germanic peoples Varietal describes Wines made primarily from a single named Grape variety.
Italy
With 5,700ha, there's more Cabernet Franc in Italy than commonly thought. It is mostly planted in the far northeast of Italy, particularly in Friuli, but it is also found in the wines of the Veneto, as part of some Chianti blends, even as far south as Puglia. Friuli ( Friulian: Chianti is a famous Red wine of Italy, which takes its name from a traditional region of Tuscany where it is produced It is known as Bordo in the Veneto. [4]
Spain
This variety of grape is not very common in Spain and is to be found mainly in Catalonia, where it is an authorised variety in four Denominaciones de Origen: Catalunya DO, Conca de Barberá DO, Penedés DO and Terra Alta DO. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Catalonia (Cataluña Catalunya Aranese: Catalonha) is an Autonomous Community in the northeast part of Spain.
USA
Interest in the grape started with Californian wine makers, who wanted to replicate the Bordeaux blend (now marketed as Meritage). Plantings since 1980 account for most of the 800ha now grown in California, over half of which is in Napa and Sonoma.
More recently it has caught the attention of growers in cooler areas such as Long Island and the Finger Lakes of New York, Michigan's west coast and in Washington state and in the Monticello wine region in the Piedmont of Virginia. Long Island is an island located in southeastern New York, USA, its western shores directly across from Manhattan, from which the island stretches The Finger Lakes are a chain of lakes in the west-central section of Upstate New York that are a popular tourist destination New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. Washington ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The Monticello AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in the central Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Piedmont Virginia is a part of the greater Piedmont region which stretches from the falls of the Potomac, Rappahannock, and James Rivers to the The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state Michigan State University conducts research on Cabernet Franc at their agricultural research center in Benton Harbor, Michigan. Michigan State University ( MSU) is a co-educational public Research university in East Lansing, Michigan USA. Research is defined as Human activity based on Intellectual application in the investigation of Matter. Benton Harbor is a city in Berrien County in the US State of Michigan.
Vine and Viticulture
In general Cabernet Franc is very similar to Cabernet Sauvignon, but buds and ripens a little earlier[3] and prefers a slightly cooler climate. The vine is vigorous and upright, with dark-green, 5-lobed leaves. The winged bunches are elongate and small-medium in size. The small berries are quite small and blue-black in colour, with fairly thin skins. [3]
Synonyms
Aceria, Acheria, Arrouya, Bordo, Bouchet, Bouchy (Gascony), Breton, Burdeas Tinto, Cabernet, Cabernet Aunis, Cabernet Franco, Capbreton Rouge, Carmenet (Médoc), Fer Servandou, Gamput, Grosse Vidure, Hartling, Kaberne Fran, Messanges Rouge, Morenoa, Noir Dur, Petit Fer, Petit Viodure, Petite Vidure, Petite Vignedure, Plant Breton, Plant Des Sables, Trouchet Noir, Véron, Véron Bouchy, Véronais,[7] and Cabernet Gris. [4]
See also
- Carmenere
- Malbec
- Petit Verdot The other members of the Bordeaux blend
Notes and references
- ^ a b Robinson, Jancis (2006). The Carmenère grape is a Wine Grape variety originally planted in the Médoc region of Bordeaux, France, where it was used to Malbec is a variety of Grape used in making Red wine. The grapes tend to have an inky dark colour and robust Tannins Long known as one of the Petit verdot is a variety of red Wine Grape, principally used in classic Bordeaux blends Jancis Mary Robinson OBE, MW (born in Cumbria on April 22 1950) is a British Wine Critic, journalist The Oxford Companion to Wine, third edition. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860990-6. .
- ^ a b Discovery Channel: “DNA analysis reveals mysterious past of cabernet sauvignon”
- ^ a b c d Cabernet Franc
- ^ a b c d Radden, Rosemary. Grapes and Wines of the World. The State Library of South Australia, GPO Box 419, Adelaide SA 5001. Retrieved on 2007-05-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John
- ^ Cabernet Franc
- ^ Maison des Producteurs du Floc de Gascogne, F-32 800 Eauze. Eauze is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.
- ^ Maul, E. ; Eibach, R. (1999-06-00). Vitis International Variety Catalogue. Information and Coordination Centre for Biological Diversity (IBV) of the Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food (BLE), Deichmanns Aue 29, 53179 Bonn, Germany. Retrieved on 2007-05-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance.
Further reading
- Robinson, Jancis Vines, Grapes & Wines Mitchell Beazley 1986 ISBN 1857329996
External links
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