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Fc fragment of IgE, low affinity II, receptor for (CD23)
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| PDB rendering based on 1t8c. The Protein Data Bank ( PDB) is a repository for 3-D structural data of Proteins and Nucleic acids These data typically obtained by X-ray crystallography | ||
| Available structures: 1t8c, 1t8d, 2h2r, 2h2t | ||
| Identifiers | ||
| Symbol(s) | FCER2; CD23; CD23A; CLEC4J; FCE2; IGEBF | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 151445 MGI: 95497 HomoloGene: 1517 | |
| RNA expression pattern | ||
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| Orthologs | ||
| Human | Mouse | |
| Entrez | 2208 | 14128 |
| Ensembl | ENSG00000104921 | ENSMUSG00000005540 |
| Uniprot | P06734 | P20693 |
| Refseq | NM_002002 (mRNA) NP_001993 (protein) |
NM_013517 (mRNA) NP_038545 (protein) |
| Location | Chr 19: 7.66 - 7.67 Mb | Chr 8: 3.68 - 3.69 Mb |
| Pubmed search | [1] | [2] |
CD23, also known as Fc epsilon RII, or FcεRII, is the "low affinity" receptor for IgE, an antibody isotype involved in allergy and resistance to parasites and is important in regulation of IgE levels. The Human Genome Organisation (HUGO is an organization involved in the Human Genome Project, a project about mapping the human genome The Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI website is run by The Jackson Laboratory. HomoloGene, a tool of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI is a system for automated detection of homologs (similarity attributable to descent The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System is a powerful Federated search engine or Web portal that allows users to search many discrete Health sciences Ensembl is a joint scientific project between the European Bioinformatics Institute and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, which was launched in 1999 in response to the imminent UniProt is the uni versal prot ein resource a central repository of Protein data created by combining Swiss-Prot, TrEMBL PubMed is a free search engine for accessing the MEDLINE database of citations and abstracts of biomedical research articles Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living Organisms It deals with the Structure and function of cellular components such as In Biology, Immunoglobulin E ( IgE) is a class of Antibody (or Immunoglobulin " Isotype " that has only been found in Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins, abbreviated Ig) are Gamma globulin Proteins that are found in Blood or other Bodily Allergy is a disorder of the Immune system often also referred to as Atopy. Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship between Organisms of different Species. Unlike many of the antibody receptors, CD23 is a C-type lectin. Lectins are sugar-binding Proteins which are highly specific for their sugar Moieties. It is found on mature B cells, activated macrophages, eosinophils, follicular dendritic cells and platelets. B cells are Lymphocytes that play a large role in the humoral immune response (as opposed to the cell-mediated immune response, which is governed by Macrophages ( Greek: "big eaters" from makros "large" + phagein "eat" ( Mø) are cells within the tissues that Eosinophil granulocytes, usually called eosinophils (or less commonly acidophils) are White blood cells that are one of the Immune System components Platelets, or Thrombocytes, are small cytoplasmic bodies derived from cells They circulate in the Blood of Mammals and are involved
There are two forms of CD23: CD23a and CD23b. CD23a is unconditionally present on B cells, while CD23b requires IL-4 to be expressed on T-cells, monocytes, Langerhans cells, eosinophils and macrophages. Interleukin-4, abbreviated IL-4, is a Cytokine that induces differentiation of naive helper T cells ( Th0 cells to Th2 cells Upon activation by T cells belong to a group of White blood cells known as Lymphocytes, and play a central role in Cell-mediated immunity. Monocyte is a type of Leukocyte, part of the Human body 's Immune system. Not to be confused with the Beta cells making up the Islets of Langerhans. [1]
The allergen responsible in dust mite allergy, Der-p-1, is known to cleave CD23 from a cells surface. As CD23 is soluble it can move freely and interact with cells in plasma. Recent studies have shown that increased levels of soluble CD23 cause the recruitment of non-sensitised B-cells in the presentation of antigen peptides to allergen specific B-cells, therefore increasing the production of allergen specific IgE. IgE in turn is known to upregulate the cellular expression of CD23 and Fc epsilon RI (high affinity IgE receptor).
References
- ^ Abbas, A. K. and Andrew Licktman, 2003, Cellular and Molecular Immunology, pp. 324-325. ISBN 0-7216-0008-5.
Further reading
- Kijimoto-Ochiai S (2002). "CD23 (the low-affinity IgE receptor) as a C-type lectin: a multidomain and multifunctional molecule. ". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 59 (4): 648–64. PMID 12022472.
- Schwarzmeier JD, Hubmann R, Düchler M, et al. (2005). "Regulation of CD23 expression by Notch2 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. ". Leuk. Lymphoma 46 (2): 157–65. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 15621797.
- Maekawa N, Kawabe T, Sugie K, et al. (1992). "Induction of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 on PHA-activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and the association of Fyn tyrosine kinase with Fc epsilon RII/CD23. ". Res. Immunol. 143 (4): 422–5. PMID 1387715.
- Rose K, Turcatti G, Graber P, et al. (1992). "Partial characterization of natural and recombinant human soluble CD23. ". Biochem. J. 286 ( Pt 3): 819–24. PMID 1417742.
- Maekawa N, Kawabe T, Sugie K, et al. (1992). "Induction of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 on PHA-activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and association of fyn tyrosine kinase with Fc epsilon RII/CD23. ". International journal of tissue reactions 14 (3): 121–30. PMID 1446976.
- Sugie K, Kawakami T, Maeda Y, et al. (1991). "Fyn tyrosine kinase associated with Fc epsilon RII/CD23: possible multiple roles in lymphocyte activation. ". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 88 (20): 9132–5. PMID 1717997.
- Bettler B, Hofstetter H, Rao M, et al. (1989). "Molecular structure and expression of the murine lymphocyte low-affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII). ". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 86 (19): 7566–70. PMID 2529542.
- Kikutani H, Inui S, Sato R, et al. (1987). "Molecular structure of human lymphocyte receptor for immunoglobulin E. ". Cell 47 (5): 657–65. PMID 2877743.
- Ikuta K, Takami M, Kim CW, et al. (1987). "Human lymphocyte Fc receptor for IgE: sequence homology of its cloned cDNA with animal lectins. ". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 84 (3): 819–23. PMID 2949326.
- Yokota A, Kikutani H, Tanaka T, et al. (1988). "Two species of human Fc epsilon receptor II (Fc epsilon RII/CD23): tissue-specific and IL-4-specific regulation of gene expression. ". Cell 55 (4): 611–8. PMID 2972386.
- Lüdin C, Hofstetter H, Sarfati M, et al. (1987). "Cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for a human lymphocyte IgE receptor. ". EMBO J. 6 (1): 109–14. PMID 3034567.
- Aubry JP, Pochon S, Gauchat JF, et al. (1994). "CD23 interacts with a new functional extracytoplasmic domain involving N-linked oligosaccharides on CD21. ". J. Immunol. 152 (12): 5806–13. PMID 7515913.
- Lecoanet-Henchoz S, Gauchat JF, Aubry JP, et al. (1995). "CD23 regulates monocyte activation through a novel interaction with the adhesion molecules CD11b-CD18 and CD11c-CD18. ". Immunity 3 (1): 119–25. PMID 7621072.
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. ". Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. PMID 8125298.
- Padlan EA, Helm BA (1994). "Modeling of the lectin-homology domains of the human and murine low-affinity Fc epsilon receptor (Fc epsilon RII/CD23). ". Receptor 3 (4): 325–41. PMID 8142907.
- Trask B, Fertitta A, Christensen M, et al. (1993). "Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of human chromosome 19: cytogenetic band location of 540 cosmids and 70 genes or DNA markers. ". Genomics 15 (1): 133–45. PMID 8432525.
- Chirmule N, Kalyanaraman VS, Lederman S, et al. (1993). "HIV-gp 160-induced T cell-dependent B cell differentiation. Role of T cell-B cell activation molecule and IL-6. ". J. Immunol. 150 (6): 2478–86. PMID 8450224.
- Förster HH, Wäsch R, Kretschmar T, et al. (1996). "Genetic markers on chromosome 19p and prenatal diagnosis of HLA class II-deficient combined immunodeficiency. ". Pediatr. Res. 38 (5): 812–6. PMID 8552454.
- Bajorath J, Aruffo A (1996). "Structure-based modeling of the ligand binding domain of the human cell surface receptor CD23 and comparison of two independently derived molecular models. ". Protein Sci. 5 (2): 240–7. PMID 8745401.
- Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Bernard I, Maillet F, et al. (1996). "Human lymphocytes shed a soluble form of CD21 (the C3dg/Epstein-Barr virus receptor, CR2) that binds iC3b and CD23. ". Eur. J. Immunol. 26 (7): 1497–503. PMID 8766552.
See also
- Cluster of differentiation, a list of all the CD-numbered proteins
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