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In Quartermaster Corps terms, the C-Ration is an individual pre-cooked or prepared ration to be issued when fresh food (A-Ration) or canned unprepared food (B-Ration) prepared in mess halls or field kitchens are impractical or not available and when a survival ration (D-ration) is insufficient.

Contents

"Iron Ration" (1907-1922)

The first attempt to make an individual ration for issue to soldiers in the field was the "iron ration", first introduced in 1907. It consisted of three 3-ounce cakes (made from a concoction of beef boullion powder and parched and cooked wheat), three 1-ounce bars of sweetened chocolate, and packets of salt and pepper that was issued in a sealed tin packet that weighed one pound. It was designed for emergency use when the troops were unable to be supplied with food. It was later discontinued by the adoption of the "Reserve Ration" but its findings went into the development of the emergency D-ration. Military chocolate has been a part of standard United States military ration since the original Ration D or D ration bar of

"Reserve Ration" (1917-1937)

This was a ration issued during the latter part of World War I to feed troops who were away from a garrison or field kitchen. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All It originally consisted of one pound of meat (usually canned Corned Beef), two 8-ounce cans of hard bread or hardtack biscuits, a packet of 1. In the US and Canada Corned beef has two meanings One refers to a cut of Beef (usually Brisket, but sometimes round or silverside) 16 ounces of pre-ground coffee, a packet of 2. 4 ounces of granulated sugar, and a packet of 0. 16 ounces of salt. There was also a separate "tobacco ration" of 0. 4 ounces of tobacco and 10 cigarette rolling papers, later replaced by brand-name machine-rolled cigarettes.

After the war, there were attempts to improve the ration based on input from the field. In 1922, the ration was reorganized to consist of 1 pound of meat (usually beef jerky), 3 ounces of canned Corned Beef or chocolate, 14 ounces of hard bread or hardtack biscuits, coffee and sugar. Jerky is Meat that has been cut into strips trimmed of fat Marinated in a spicy salty or sweet liquid and then dried with low heat (usually under 70°C/160°F In 1925, the meat ration was replaced with canned Pork & Beans. In 1936, there was an attempt at variety by having an "A"-menu of Corned Beef and a "B"-menu of Pork & Beans. This was cancelled after it was superseded by the later Field Ration, Type C.

Field Ration, Type C (1938-1945)

The C-Ration, introduced in 1938, was intended to replace the "Reserve Ration" and supplement the new D-ration. Military chocolate has been a part of standard United States military ration since the original Ration D or D ration bar of Each daily ration consisted of six 12 oz. cans (three M-Units and three B-units) and an accessory pack. A meal consisted of one M-Unit and one B-Unit.

The M-unit contained a canned entrée originally made of stew meat (a mixture of beef and pork) and initially came in three varieties Meat Hash, Meat Stew with Vegetables (carrots and potatoes), and Meat Stew with Beans. Canning is a method of preserving food in which the food is processed and sealed in an airtight container An entrée ( French, literally meaning entry or entrance) is one of several savory courses in a Western-style formal meal service Hasheggjpg|thumb|Can of corned beef hash with a Serving suggestion of cheese & an egg Later entrees introduced in 1944 incorporated beef, pork, ham, and chicken or turkey.

The B-unit (bread and dessert portion) contained a packet of cheese spread or jam, 4 hardtack crackers, and loose candy or a dessert. Cheese is a Food made from Milk, usually the milk of cows, Buffalo, Goats or sheep, by coagulation. Hardtack (or hard tack) is a simple type of cracker or Biscuit, made from Flour, water and Salt. A cracker is a type of Biscuit that developed from military Hardtack and nautical ship biscuits Candy, specifically sugar candy, is a confection made from a concentrated solution of sugar in water to which a variety of flavorings and colorants is added Dessert is a course that typically comes at the end of a meal usually consisting of sweet Food but sometimes of a strongly-flavored one such as some Cheeses The

The accessory pack contained a packet of beverage mix (instant coffee; lemon drink; or boullion soup powder), salt and sugar tablets, Halazone water purification tablets, a flat wooden spoon, a piece of candy-coated chewing gum, 3 "short" sample 3-packs or one "long" sample 9-pack of commercial-grade cigarettes and a book of 20 cardboard moisture-resistant matches, a P-38 can opener, and several sheets of toilet paper. A drink, or beverage, is a Liquid specifically prepared for Human consumption Salt is a Dietary mineral composed primarily of Sodium chloride that is essential for Animal life but toxic to most land plants Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs A spoon is a Utensil consisting of a small shallow bowl at the end of a handle used primarily for serving and eating Liquid, or semi-liquid foods and solid foods Chiclets are a brand of candy coated Chewing gum made by Cadbury Adams. For songs called "Chewing Gum" see Chewing Gum (song Chewing gum is a type of Confectionery traditionally made of Chicle A cigarette ( French "small Cigar " from cigar + -ette) is a product consumed through Smoking and manufactured The P-38 is a small Can opener issued in the canned Field rations of the United States Armed Forces from World War II to the 1980s Toilet paper is a soft paper product used to maintain Personal hygiene after human Defecation or Urination.

The P-38 can openers were generally worn on the GI's "dog tag" chain to facilitate opening the next meal's cans. A dog tag is the informal name for the identification tags worn by military personnel because of their resemblance to actual Dog tags The tag is primarily used for the

Field Ration, Type E (1946-1948)

After World War II there was an attempt to combine the best features of the C-ration and the K-ration into a new item called the E-ration. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The K-ration was an individual daily combat food ration which was introduced by the United States Army during World War II. The E-ration was found to be unappetizing and was so unpopular that it was dropped from the inventory.

C-Ration, Revised (1948-1958)

After the failure of the E-Ration, there were several improvements made on the basic C-ration. Most involved ration variety and content, different sizes and shapes of cans, and improverments in packaging. The C-ration series was eventually phased out and replaced by the Meal, Combat, Individual ration in 1958. The Meal Combat Individual (MCI was the name of canned wet Combat rations issued by the United States Armed Forces from 1958 to 1980

Ration, Individual, Combat, Type C, Version 2 (1948)

The C-2 ration was described in TB-QM-53, Department of the Army, dated March, 1948, as an individual ration which consisted of packaged pre-cooked foods which could be eaten hot or cold. It replaced the World War II C ration, and later, the E ration. It could be carried and prepared by the individual soldier. The ration was designed for feeding combat troops from a few days to an extreme of three weeks. Due to the required individual portability of this ration, maximum nourishment had to be provided in the smallest physical unit. The components of this ration were prepared in five different menus.

Each menu included an accessory packet which consisted of essential toilet articles, tobacco, and confections.

Ration, Individual, Combat, Type C, Version 3 (?)

The C-3 was composed of five full menus of a greater variety, and in addition to the new and improved “B “(bread) and “M” (meat) units, each menu contained an accessory packet, fruit, and cigarettes. The ration weighed 5 lbs. , 8½ oz. , and was packed in 8 small cans.

Field cooking equipment was not required for the preparation of this ration. The C-3 ration was more adequate than the original C ration in respect to its nutritional value.

Ration, Individual, Combat, Type C, Version 4 (1954-1958)

The C-4 ration was developed as a modification of the C-3 ration. It included the issue of two 6-ounce cans of fruit for 2 meals to replace the one 12-ounce can issued for one meal in the C-3 ration.

Sample C-4 Ration Contents

A sample C-4 ration (stamped March 1954) contained:

See also

External links

Peppermint ( Mentha × piperita) is a hybrid mint, a cross between Watermint ( Mentha aquatica) and Spearmint For songs called "Chewing Gum" see Chewing Gum (song Chewing gum is a type of Confectionery traditionally made of Chicle Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. Tea refers to the cured agricultural product of the leaves leaf buds and internodes of Camellia sinensis, which have been prepared and cured for the market For the 1993 hip-hop single by the Wu-Tang Clan see CREAM CREAM is an acronym for Cognitive Reliability Error Analysis Method a Iodine (ˈaɪədaɪn ˈaɪədɪn or /ˈaɪədiːn/ from ιώδης iodes "violet" is a Chemical element that has the symbol I and Atomic The K-ration was an individual daily combat food ration which was introduced by the United States Army during World War II. The Meal Combat Individual (MCI was the name of canned wet Combat rations issued by the United States Armed Forces from 1958 to 1980
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