| C-12 Huron | |
|---|---|
 C-12F Huron |
|
| Type | Civil utility aircraft |
| Manufacturer | Beechcraft |
| Status | Active service |
| Primary users | United States Air Force United States Army United States Marine Corps United States Navy |
| Unit cost | $2 million |
| Developed from | Beechcraft Super King Air |
The C-12 Huron is the military designation for a series of twin-engine turboprop aircraft that are military versions of various versions of the Beechcraft Super King Air. An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts Hawker Beechcraft The Beech Aircraft Corporation, previously the Beechcraft Division of Raytheon and now a unit of Hawker Beechcraft, is a United The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A turboprop engine is a type of aircraft powerplant that uses a Gas turbine engine to drive a Propeller. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout C-12 variants are used by the United States Air Force, United States Army, and the United States Navy. The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. These aircraft are used for various duties, including embassy support, medical evacuation, passenger and light cargo. Some aircraft are modified with surveillance systems for various missions, including the Cefly Lancer and the Guardrail programs.
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Design and development
The first C-12A models entered service with the Army in 1974 and was used as a liaison and general personnel transport. The aircraft was essentially an "off-the-shelf" Super King Air 200, powered by the type's standard Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-41 engines. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [1]
The U. S. Navy followed suit in 1979, ordering a version of the Super King Air A200C (modified with a 52 inch by 52 inch cargo door from the Super King Air 200C), designating it the UC-12B, for logistics support between Navy air stations. The cabin can readily accommodate cargo, passengers or both. It is also equipped to accept litter patients in medical evacuation missions. Through 1982, the Navy ordered 64 of these aircraft. [1]
Guardrail
The U. S. Army selected the C-12 platform for use as an intelligence-gathering aircraft under the Guardrail series of programs. The Guardrail program uses variants RC-12D, -12H, -12K, -12N, -12P, and -12Q variants. The aircraft's role is as an electronic snooper, listening in for enemy radio transmissions. The aircraft is flown by a flight crew of two, and the missions equipment is operated remotely from a ground control center. Guardrail is a Corps Level Airborne signals intelligence (SIGINT) collection/location system that integrates the Improved GUARDRAIL V (IGR V), Communication High Accuracy Airborne Location System (CHAALS), and the Advanced QUICKLOOK (AQL) systems into the same aircraft platform. This article is about a military unit For alternative meanings see Corps (disambiguation. Key features include integrated COMINT and ELINT reporting, enhanced signal classification and recognition, fast Direction Finding (DF), precision emitter location, and an advanced integrated aircraft cockpit. [2]
The RC-12D was operated during the 1980s by the 207th Military Intelligence Battalion (Eyes of the Jayhawk) located out of Echterdingen Kaserne, at the Stuttgart Airport. Stuttgart Airport (in German Flughafen Stuttgart, formerly Flughafen Stuttgart-Echterdingen) is an international airport located approximately 8 miles (13 km The 207th MI battalion deployed with VII Corps to Qaisumah Airport, in Saudi Arabia, during Operation Desert Storm. VII Corps, 7th Corps or Seventh Corps may refer to VII Corps (United Kingdom VII Corps (United States
As of 2006, four U. S Army Aerial Exploitation Battalions (AEB) operate these aircraft. The 3rd Military Intelligence (MI) Battalion operates the RC-12D and -12H in South Korea. The 1st Military Intelligence Battalion flies the RC-12K from its base in Wiesbaden, Germany. 1st Military Intelligence Battalion (Aerial Exploitation is a unit of the United States Army which specializes in the acquisition of aerial signals information in The 15th Military Intelligence Battalion, stationed at Fort Hood, TX, operates the RC-12P and -12Q models. The 224th Military Intelligence Battalion flies the RC-12N and is based at Hunter Army Airfield in Savannah, GA. The crew training location for these and other Special Electronic Mission Aircraft (SEMA) is Fort Huachuca, AZ. Every AEB with the exception of the 3rd MI BN has conducted wartime intelligence collection in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. The 3rd MI Battalion flies Sensitive Reconnaissance Operation (SRO) missions on the Korean peninsula.
With the advances in technology and advent of tactical UAVs, the Army has announced that it is seeking a replacement for the Guardrail aircraft. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV is an unpiloted Aircraft. UAVs can be remote controlled or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or more complex dynamic [3]
C-12J
To meet the needs of transporting larger groups, the Army purchased six C-12J aircraft, based on the Beechcraft 1900C commuter airliner. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Of the military C-12J's one is used for GPS jamming tests at the 586th Flight Test Squadron, Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico. Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth Radio jamming is the (usually deliberate transmission of Radio signals that disrupt communications by decreasing the Signal to noise ratio Holloman Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located six miles (10 km) southwest of the Central business district of Alamogordo New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. [4] Another is based at the 517th Airlift Squadron, Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska. Elmendorf Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base adjacent to Anchorage, the largest city in Alaska. Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent [5] Two are based at the 55th Airlift Flight, Osan Air Base, South Korea. Osan Air Base (K-55, is a United States Air Force facility located 7 South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː [6] The remaining two are used by U. S. Army Aviation. [7]
Although the UD- series 1900s were manufactured exclusively for military use, the United States military and other military and government organizations use 1900s from other series such as the UB-series 1900C photographed above, and 1900Ds which may be found elsewhere. [7]
Variants
King Air 200-based variants
- C-12A
- Used by the U. S. Army for liaison and attache transport. Based on the King Air A200 (serial numbers BC-1 through BC-61, BD-1 and up).
- UC-12B
- Navy version, with an additional cargo door. Based on the King Air A200C (serial numbers BJ-1 and up).
- NC-12B
- Navy single-aircraft version, UC-12B BuNo 161311 equipped with four P-3C Sonobuoy launchers. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A sonobuoy (a Portmanteau of Sonar and Buoy) is a relatively small (typically 4⅞ inches or 124 mm in diameter and 36 inches or 910 mm long expendable
- TC-12B
- Navy training version of the UC-12B.
- C-12C
- Army and Air Force version of the C-12A with upgraded engines. Based on the King Air A200 (serial numbers BC-62 and up).
- C-12D
- Army and Air Force version. Based on the King Air A200CT, changes include larger cargo door, "high-flotation" landing gear (a Beechcraft option for larger main landing gear wheels for use on unimproved runways) (serial numbers BP-1, BP-22, BP-24 through BP-51).
- UC-12D
- Based on the King Air A200CT (serial numbers BP-7 though BP-11).
- RC-12D
- Guardrail program, used by the Army for signals intelligence (SIGINT) and electronic surveillance missions with the Guardrail V sensor system. Acquired in 1984, based on the King Air A200CT (13 aircraft, serial numbers GR-1 through GR-13).
- C-12F
- Air Force transport version. Based on the King Air A200CF (serial numbers BP-52 through BP-63) and the King Air B200C (serial numbers BP-64 and up).
- RC-12F
- Navy version of the UC-12F modified with surface search radar. Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships
- UC-12F
- Navy version. Based on the King Air B200C (serial number BU-1 and up, BV-1 and up, BW-1 and up).
- RC-12G
- Army version used for real-time tactical intelligence support under the Crazyhorse program. [8] Based on the King Air A200CT (three aircraft, serial numbers FC-1 and up).
- RC-12H
- Army version, used for Guardrail missions, based on RC-12D, but improved Guardrail V equipment. [2] Acquired in 1988, based on the King Air A200CT (6 aircraft, serial numbers GR-14 through GR-19).
- RC-12K
- Army version for Guardrail SIGINT use with improved Guardrail Common Sensor (GRCS) equipment. [2] Also has upgraded engines. Acquired in 1991, based on the King Air A200CT (9 aircraft, serial numbers FE-1 through FE-24).
- C-12L
- Three A200s acquired for use in the Cefly Lancer program as RU-21Js. In 1984 the three aircraft modified with new VIP interiors, and returned to the US Army as C-12Ls. [9]
- UC-12M
- Navy UC-12B and UC-12F aircraft with upgraded cockpit instrumentation.
- RC-12M
- Navy RC-12F with upgraded cockpit instrumentation, plus other systems and structural upgrades.
- RC-12N
- Army RC-12K modified with more powerful engines for increased payload, and improved missions systems, acquired in 1994 (15 aircraft used).
- RC-12P
- Army RC-12N modified with improved systems, increased takeoff weights. Based on the King Air A200CT (9 aircraft, serial numbers FE-25 and up).
- RC-12Q
- Army RC-12P with GRCS systems, and modified with a radome mounted on the top of the fuselage (3 aircraft). A radome (the word is a contraction of Radar and Dome) is a structural weatherproof enclosure that protects a Radar antenna The fuselage (from the French fuselé "spindle-shaped" is an Aircraft 's main body section that holds crew and passengers or Cargo
- C-12R
- Off the shelf BE200 modified with EFIS glass cockpit instrumentation. An electronic flight instrument system, or EFIS is a flight deck instrument display system in which the display technology used is electronic rather than electromechanical A glass cockpit is an Aircraft cockpit that features electronic instrument displays.
- C-12T
- Upgrade of earlier Army (C-12F) versions with improved cockpit instrumentation.
- C-12U
- Upgrade of C-12T Army version with improved cockpit instrumentation in order to meet global air traffic management directives.
King Air 350-based variants
- C-12S
- Army version based on the King Air 350, with seating for 8 to 15 passengers and quick cargo conversion capability.
Beechcraft 1900-based variant
- C-12J
- Used by Air National Guard, carries 2 crew and 19 passengers. The Air National Guard ( ANG), often referred to as the Air Guard, is the air force militia organized by each of the several states and Based on the Beechcraft 1900C (serial numbers UD-1 through UD-6). WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
Note: The U. S. military also operates other King Air versions under other designations, including the C-6 Ute and T-44 series. This article is about 90 and 100 Series King Airs For 200 and 300 Series King Airs see the Beechcraft Super King Air article In addition, there are a number of Beechcraft 1900s operated by the military under civilian registrations, using their civilian model designations.
Specifications (King Air B200)
Data from Airliners. net,[10] Janes[11]
General characteristics
- Crew: 1-2
- Capacity: 13 passengers
- Length: 43 ft 9 in (13. 34 m)
- Wingspan: 54 ft 6 in (16. The wingspan (or just span) of an airplane or a Bird, is the distance from the left wingtip to the right wingtip 61 m)
- Height: 15 ft 0 in (4. 57 m)
- Wing area: 303 ft² (28. 2 m²)
- Empty weight: 7,755 lb (3,520 kg)
- Max takeoff weight: 12,500 lb (5,670 kg)
- Powerplant: 2× Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-42 turboprops, 850 shp (635 kW) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 333 mph (289 knots, 499 km/h) at 15,000 ft (4,600 m)
- Range: 2,075 mi (1,800 nm, 3,338 km) with maximum fuel and 45 minute reserve
- Service ceiling 32,800 ft (10,700 m)
- Rate of climb: 2,450 ft/min (12. The Maximum Takeoff Weight or Maximum Takeoff Mass of an Aircraft is the maximum weight at which the pilot of the aircraft is allowed to attempt to take off WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A turboprop engine is a type of aircraft powerplant that uses a Gas turbine engine to drive a Propeller. In Aviation, V-speeds or Velocity-speeds are standard terms used to define Airspeeds important or useful to the operation of Aircraft, such The maximal total range is the distance an Aircraft can fly between Takeoff and Landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft or cross-country In Aeronautics, a ceiling is the maximum Density altitude an aircraft can reach under a set of conditions In Aerodynamics, the rate of climb RoC is the speed at which an Aircraft increases its Altitude. 5 m/s)
- Wing loading: 41. In Aerodynamics, wing loading is the loaded weight of the aircraft divided by the area of the wing 3 lb/ft² (201. 6 kg/m²)
- Power/mass: 0. Power-to-weight ratio (specific power is a calculation commonly applied to Engines and other mobile power sources to enable the comparison of one unit or design to another 14 hp/lb (220 W/kg)
See also
Related development
Comparable aircraft
References
- ^ a b King Air timeline from Wings over Kansas
- ^ a b c Guardrail details from FAS
- ^ article Death from Above, Strategy Page
- ^ Air Force Fact Sheet
- ^ [1]
- ^ C-12J at Global Security.org
- ^ a b Army aviation web page
- ^ Special Electronic Mission Aircraft listing at GlobalSecurity.org
- ^ Harding, Stephen (1997). This article is about 90 and 100 Series King Airs For 200 and 300 Series King Airs see the Beechcraft Super King Air article WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Cessna Model 425 originally known as Corsair and later Conquest I, is a pressurized Turboprop Airplane certified for eight occupants The Cessna 441 Conquest II was the first Turboprop designed by Cessna and was meant to fill the gap between their jets and Piston -engined WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Piper PA-31T Cheyenne is a Turboprop development of the earlier PA-31P Pressurized Navajo. The Embraer EMB 121 Xingu is a twin- Turboprop Fixed-wing aircraft built by the Brazilian aircraft manufacturer Embraer. U. S. Army Aircraft Since 1947. Atglen, PA, USA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd. , 30. ISBN 96-69996.
- ^ Lundgren, Johan (1996-2006). Raytheon Beechcraft King Air 200. Airliners.net. Airlinersnet is an Aviation website founded by Johan Lundgren in 1997 evolving from his previous Pictures of Modern Airliners site started in 1994 AirNav Systems LLC. URL accessed on 2006-07-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off
- ^ Jackson, Paul; Munson, Kenneth; Peacock, Lindsay. Jane's All the World's Aircraft. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-2684-3.
- DoD 4120-15L, Model Designation of Military Aerospace Vehicles, United States Department of Defense, May 12, 2004
External links
- C-12 on globalsecurity.org
- C-12 on fas.org
- API model application chart, provided variant model basis and serial number ranges
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